At present,the commercial operation of tankers on spot freight market is focused on the maximization of the daily earnings by careful selection of factors such as speed and utilization,while it is subject to market fr...At present,the commercial operation of tankers on spot freight market is focused on the maximization of the daily earnings by careful selection of factors such as speed and utilization,while it is subject to market freight rates and bunker prices.With the expected introduction of carbon tax,the daily earnings will be affected.This will have an effect on the way a ship is employed and operated.While the exact form of carbon tax is not yet known,it can be shown that the optimum speed will be reduced,and the level of reduction of optimum speed will depend on factors related to the freight and bunker markets as well as on the technical characteristics of the ship.The effect of reducing the emission index such as𝐶𝐼𝐼(carbon intensity indicator)below a desirable level is also examined.It is shown that all related factors will play a role,the extent of which depends on their fundamental relation to total emissions and ton miles.The article also examines the speed reduction needed to bring the𝐶𝐼𝐼to desirable level after it has exceeded it due to previous Charterer’s trading pattern.展开更多
文摘At present,the commercial operation of tankers on spot freight market is focused on the maximization of the daily earnings by careful selection of factors such as speed and utilization,while it is subject to market freight rates and bunker prices.With the expected introduction of carbon tax,the daily earnings will be affected.This will have an effect on the way a ship is employed and operated.While the exact form of carbon tax is not yet known,it can be shown that the optimum speed will be reduced,and the level of reduction of optimum speed will depend on factors related to the freight and bunker markets as well as on the technical characteristics of the ship.The effect of reducing the emission index such as𝐶𝐼𝐼(carbon intensity indicator)below a desirable level is also examined.It is shown that all related factors will play a role,the extent of which depends on their fundamental relation to total emissions and ton miles.The article also examines the speed reduction needed to bring the𝐶𝐼𝐼to desirable level after it has exceeded it due to previous Charterer’s trading pattern.
