Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of nov...Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of novel experimental therapeutic agents with promising anticancer activity in the laboratory, clinicians still struggle to manage cancer in the clinical setting.The disappointing translational success is attributable mainly to poor representation and recreation of the cancer microenvironment present in human neoplasia.Threedimensional(3D) bio-printed models could help to simulate this micro-environment, with recent bio-printing of live human cells demonstrating that effective in vitro replication is achievable.This literature review outlines up-to-date advancements and developments in the use of 3D bio-printed models currently being used in oncology research.These innovative advancements in 3D bio-printing open up a new frontier for oncology research and could herald an era of progressive clinical cancer therapeutics.展开更多
A new method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra violet detection(HPLC–UV)was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of atazanavir,dolutegravir,darunavir,efavirenz,etr...A new method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra violet detection(HPLC–UV)was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of atazanavir,dolutegravir,darunavir,efavirenz,etravirine lopinavir,raltegravir,rilpivirine and tipranavir in human plasma.For the first time we reported here the development and validation of an HPLC–UV assay to quantify the frequently administered 9antiretroviral compounds including dolutegravir and rilpivirine.A simple solid phase extraction procedure was applied to 500 μL aliquots of plasma.The chromatographic separation of the drugs and internal standard(quinoxaline) was achieved with a gradient of acetonitrile and sodium acetate buffer on a C_(18) reverse-phase analytical column with a 25 min analytical run time.Calibration curves were optimised according to the therapeutic range of drug concentrations in patients,and the coefficient of determination(r^2) was higher than0.99 for all analytes.Mean intraday and interday precisions(RSD) for all compounds were less than 15.0%,and the mean accuracy(% deviation from nominal concentration) was also found to be less than 15.0%.Extraction recovery range was between 80% and 120% for all drugs analysed.The solid phase extraction and HPLC–UV method enable a specific,sensitive,and reliable simultaneous determination of nine antiretroviral agents in plasma.Good extraction efficiency and low limit of HPLC–UV quantification make this method suitable for use in clinical trials and therapeutic drug monitoring.展开更多
文摘Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of novel experimental therapeutic agents with promising anticancer activity in the laboratory, clinicians still struggle to manage cancer in the clinical setting.The disappointing translational success is attributable mainly to poor representation and recreation of the cancer microenvironment present in human neoplasia.Threedimensional(3D) bio-printed models could help to simulate this micro-environment, with recent bio-printing of live human cells demonstrating that effective in vitro replication is achievable.This literature review outlines up-to-date advancements and developments in the use of 3D bio-printed models currently being used in oncology research.These innovative advancements in 3D bio-printing open up a new frontier for oncology research and could herald an era of progressive clinical cancer therapeutics.
基金supported by “Ministero della Salute” “Ricerca corrente 2015” grant to E.C.
文摘A new method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra violet detection(HPLC–UV)was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of atazanavir,dolutegravir,darunavir,efavirenz,etravirine lopinavir,raltegravir,rilpivirine and tipranavir in human plasma.For the first time we reported here the development and validation of an HPLC–UV assay to quantify the frequently administered 9antiretroviral compounds including dolutegravir and rilpivirine.A simple solid phase extraction procedure was applied to 500 μL aliquots of plasma.The chromatographic separation of the drugs and internal standard(quinoxaline) was achieved with a gradient of acetonitrile and sodium acetate buffer on a C_(18) reverse-phase analytical column with a 25 min analytical run time.Calibration curves were optimised according to the therapeutic range of drug concentrations in patients,and the coefficient of determination(r^2) was higher than0.99 for all analytes.Mean intraday and interday precisions(RSD) for all compounds were less than 15.0%,and the mean accuracy(% deviation from nominal concentration) was also found to be less than 15.0%.Extraction recovery range was between 80% and 120% for all drugs analysed.The solid phase extraction and HPLC–UV method enable a specific,sensitive,and reliable simultaneous determination of nine antiretroviral agents in plasma.Good extraction efficiency and low limit of HPLC–UV quantification make this method suitable for use in clinical trials and therapeutic drug monitoring.
