Typically, crude oil production in Nigeria always accompanied by surface production of associated gas. With little associated gas recovery facilities in place, majority of associated gas is continuously flared with fe...Typically, crude oil production in Nigeria always accompanied by surface production of associated gas. With little associated gas recovery facilities in place, majority of associated gas is continuously flared with few portions re-injected into the reservoir for enhance oil recovery (EOR). In addition to environmental hazards, wasting substantial amount of produced associated gas is deemed detrimental to a country currently generating less than 54% of its electric power requirement. Onsite power generation as one of the many means of utilization of associated gas has been conceived. Conversely, the availability and performance of the gas turbine engine for onsite associated gas utilization requires evaluation owing to variations in associated natural gas composition globally and the dependency of associated gas production on reservoirs and oil production activities. This paper presents an analytical investigation of gas turbine engine inspired by GE LMS100 frame engine for onsite utilization of associated gas in Nigeria. Gas turbine performance results are presented and performance parameters are compared against typical commercial natural gas grade.展开更多
A detailed single zone, zero dimensional model of diesel multiple-injection system was developed from first principle, for compression, combustion and expansion processes for direct injection diesel engine. Equilibriu...A detailed single zone, zero dimensional model of diesel multiple-injection system was developed from first principle, for compression, combustion and expansion processes for direct injection diesel engine. Equilibrium equation of Extended Zeldolvich Mechanism (EZM) for NO<sub>x</sub> formation was incorporated to predict NO<sub>x</sub> emission. A different approach was assumed for the equilibrium temperature. An approach of using the average cycle temperature within NO<sub>x</sub> formation region was used in the EZM equilibrium equation. The model codes were implemented in MATLAB. This model is developed to investigate the effects of both single and multiple-pulse fuel injection strategies on engine performance and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. The results obtained from the model were validated with experimental data available in the literature. Results obtained showed that the use of average cycle temperature within the NO<sub>x</sub> formation temperature region could be useful in predicting NO<sub>x</sub> formation with reasonable degree of accuracy. Injection timing, mass ratio of injected fuel, and dwell between pulses have significant effects on the NO<sub>x</sub> emission and engine performance. The results also show that as the number of pulses increases, NO<sub>x</sub> emission and engine performance decrease. For optimal balance between NO<sub>x</sub> and engine performance, mass of the pilot injection should be between 10 and 25% of the total mass of fuel used per cycle.展开更多
文摘Typically, crude oil production in Nigeria always accompanied by surface production of associated gas. With little associated gas recovery facilities in place, majority of associated gas is continuously flared with few portions re-injected into the reservoir for enhance oil recovery (EOR). In addition to environmental hazards, wasting substantial amount of produced associated gas is deemed detrimental to a country currently generating less than 54% of its electric power requirement. Onsite power generation as one of the many means of utilization of associated gas has been conceived. Conversely, the availability and performance of the gas turbine engine for onsite associated gas utilization requires evaluation owing to variations in associated natural gas composition globally and the dependency of associated gas production on reservoirs and oil production activities. This paper presents an analytical investigation of gas turbine engine inspired by GE LMS100 frame engine for onsite utilization of associated gas in Nigeria. Gas turbine performance results are presented and performance parameters are compared against typical commercial natural gas grade.
文摘A detailed single zone, zero dimensional model of diesel multiple-injection system was developed from first principle, for compression, combustion and expansion processes for direct injection diesel engine. Equilibrium equation of Extended Zeldolvich Mechanism (EZM) for NO<sub>x</sub> formation was incorporated to predict NO<sub>x</sub> emission. A different approach was assumed for the equilibrium temperature. An approach of using the average cycle temperature within NO<sub>x</sub> formation region was used in the EZM equilibrium equation. The model codes were implemented in MATLAB. This model is developed to investigate the effects of both single and multiple-pulse fuel injection strategies on engine performance and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. The results obtained from the model were validated with experimental data available in the literature. Results obtained showed that the use of average cycle temperature within the NO<sub>x</sub> formation temperature region could be useful in predicting NO<sub>x</sub> formation with reasonable degree of accuracy. Injection timing, mass ratio of injected fuel, and dwell between pulses have significant effects on the NO<sub>x</sub> emission and engine performance. The results also show that as the number of pulses increases, NO<sub>x</sub> emission and engine performance decrease. For optimal balance between NO<sub>x</sub> and engine performance, mass of the pilot injection should be between 10 and 25% of the total mass of fuel used per cycle.
