西藏察雅县学龄前儿童营养不良状况分析

目的 了解西藏察雅县学龄前儿童的体格发育情况,为改善当地儿童营养状况提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面调查方法,对西藏察雅县3~6岁儿童进行身高、体质量测量。以WHO儿童身高、体质量参照值为标准评价营养状况。结果 营养不良、生长迟缓、低体质量及消瘦的总体检出率分别为22.6%、13.0%、10.9%和10.0%,城乡差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 西藏察雅县学龄前儿童体格发育水平较差,营养不良发生率较高,且城乡差异明显,应重视当地儿童,尤其是农村儿童的科学喂养及儿童保健。

多模态磁共振成像对新生儿缺氧缺血脑病的诊断价值

目的探讨多模态磁共振成像对新生儿缺氧缺血脑病(HIE)的MRI诊断价值,提高对该病的MRI诊断率。方法选择对象为2019年1月-2020年4月在西藏自治区人民医院儿科确诊的新生儿缺氧缺血脑病患儿共70例,扫描序列包括常规MRI平扫序列(T1WI、T2WI、T2Flair)、磁共振弥散加权DWI序列,磁共振磁敏感加权SWI序列,观察分析缺氧缺血脑病在各序列的信号表现。结果在70例缺氧缺血脑病患儿中,早产儿18例,足月儿52例,轻度HIE 20例,中度HIE 36例,重度HIE 14例;MRI检出脑水肿者22例,颅内出血者30例,脑白质损伤24例,双侧基底节和丘脑病变8例,脑白质软化5例。结论本组HIE患儿以脑白质损伤及颅内出血、脑水肿为主要表现。多模态磁共振序列有助于HIE早期诊断和分型,值得推广和使用。

Analysis on Characteristics of Seismic Damage of the Nepal M_S8.1 Earthquake in the Tibet Area of China

On April 25,2015,a M_S8. 1 earthquake occurred in Nepal. In the Tibet area of China,this earthquake caused heavy casualties and damage to housing,roads,communications,other lifeline engineering, water conservancy and other infrastructure. This paper introduces the basic situation of the earthquake,and based on the investigation and assessment of seismic intensity,the damage of the disaster area is analyzed,and building types and damage to the lifeline systems and various industries are given. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the earthquake disaster,this paper points out the existing problems in seismic fortification,and finally puts forward proposals for the prevention and control of earthquake geological disasters, scientific planning for the restoration and reconstruction,strengthening earthquake prevention and disaster reduction propaganda,improving the awareness of earthquake preparedness in the agricultural and pastoral areas,strengthening the guidance and supervision of housing construction in rural areas to reduce the casualties and losses,and promoting the harmonious development of economy in Tibet.

2022年西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童营养状况分析

目的 分析2022年西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童的营养状况,为当地卫生决策提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面调查方法,对2022年西藏自治区察雅县13个乡镇的1 263名3~7岁幼儿园藏族儿童进行身高、体质量测量及血红蛋白检测。采用标准统计量检定法(Z值法),用WHO儿童成长测评软件计算每个儿童的年龄别身高Z值(HAZ)、年龄别体质量Z值(WAZ)、年龄别体质量指数Z值(BAZ)及3~4岁儿童的身高别体质量Z值(WHZ)。依据WHO营养不良及贫血诊断标准,评价儿童营养状况。结果 西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童各年龄组HAZ中位数均为负数,3、5、6岁组儿童WAZ中位数为负数,5、6岁组儿童BAZ中位数为负数。农村儿童各项营养评价指标Z值中位数均为负数;城市儿童除HAZ外,其余营养评价指标Z值中位数均为正数。全体幼儿园儿童除WHZ外,其余营养评价指标Z值中位数均为负数。营养不良总体检出率为23.2%,生长迟缓、低体质量、消瘦、超重、肥胖及贫血的检出率分别为10.7%、10.2%、9.3%、3.6%、1.5%及24.5%。男童消瘦率和贫血率低于女童,生长迟缓、低体质量、超重、肥胖及营养不良总检出率均高于女童,差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为0.019、1.162、0.037、0.422、3.787、3.789、2.182,P值分别为0.848、0.516、0.891、0.052、0.052、0.140、0.281)。农村儿童营养不良、生长迟缓、低体质量、消瘦及贫血检出率均高于城市儿童,超重率及肥胖率低于城市儿童,除肥胖率及贫血率外,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别8.419、21.597、12.623、5.994、2.028、3.910、1.280,P值分别为0.004、<0.001、<0.001、0.014、0.154、0.048、0.258)。不同年龄组间超重率、肥胖率及贫血率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别12.664、16.776、16.813,P值分别为0.011、0.001、0.002)。结论 察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童的营养不良率及贫血率较高,以农村儿童的营养低下较为突出,城市儿童超重和肥胖问题显现。

Chairman Jiang Zemin Encouraged Me to Cultivate More Land

After the peaceful liberation of Tibet（in particular the opening up）,Nyima Ngodrup,by maintaining his genuinely diligent and honest disposition,immediately played a significant role in local grain production and his family became one of the biggest grain-growing households.He was even cited as the national labor model.In 1990,when Chairman Jiang Zemin visited Shigatse,he met Nyima Ngodrup and encouraged him to cultivate more land.Up to this time the former serf who could never previously dare to look his master of the Shika in the face,was for the first time experiencing the feeling of ownership before the State leader.

Changes of Lhunzhub Village

Lhunzhub Village is where I was born and brought up. Over the past 40 years, my hometown has experienced various changes.

Spring Plowing in Full Swing

On a spring day, I went back to my hometown in a rural area. The spring plowing was about to begin.

A TRIP TO DEJUNG HOT SPRING WITH MY DAD

To take my aged father to Dejung hot spring for several days in summer or fall had long been a wish of mine since I started working.Now 77 years old,my father’s rheumatic arthritis had worsened a lot since he was 70.A rugged and proud man,he had some tough times in his youth.He used to silently swallow all the pain

藏族小说历史划分初探

文章通过当代藏学家对藏族文学史不同分段的研究成果,主要论述藏族小说史的四个时段,即藏族小说的萌芽时期(原始社会至赤松德赞)、藏族小说的产生时期(赤松德赞至《诗镜》的翻译)、藏族小说的演变时期(《诗镜》的翻译到20世纪80年代初)、藏族小说的发展时期(20世纪80年代初至今),探讨藏族小说的指导思想、理论依据、创作方向、中心思想、艺术形式的演变过程。