建立液相色谱—串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测乙氧磺隆和双环磺草酮在水稻中残留分析方法。样品经乙腈溶液涡旋提取,NaCl盐析,0.25 g MgSO4、0.05 g PSA和0.05 g C18净化后,采用电喷雾离子源正离子扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式下,外标法定量。...建立液相色谱—串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测乙氧磺隆和双环磺草酮在水稻中残留分析方法。样品经乙腈溶液涡旋提取,NaCl盐析,0.25 g MgSO4、0.05 g PSA和0.05 g C18净化后,采用电喷雾离子源正离子扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式下,外标法定量。结果表明:在0.001~0.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)>0.99。当添加浓度为0.01~1.0 mg/kg时,在糙米中的平均回收率为84%~107%,相对标准偏差为1%~8%。当添加浓度为0.05~2.5 mg/kg时,在0.001~0.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)>0.99。在稻壳中的平均回收率为86%~101%,相对标准偏差为2%~8%;在秸秆中的平均回收率为87%~99%,相对标准偏差为6%~11%。乙氧磺隆和双环磺草酮在糙米中的定量限为0.01 mg/kg,在稻壳和秸秆中的定量限为0.05 mg/kg。展开更多
为了筛选出防治玉米草地贪夜蛾的高效农药,采用浸叶法和《草地贪夜蛾防控技术规范》推荐的方法,对常见的六种杀虫剂分别进行室内毒力测定和田间防效评价。试验结果表明,11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂、25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚...为了筛选出防治玉米草地贪夜蛾的高效农药,采用浸叶法和《草地贪夜蛾防控技术规范》推荐的方法,对常见的六种杀虫剂分别进行室内毒力测定和田间防效评价。试验结果表明,11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂、25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂、10%氯虫苯甲酰胺·虱螨脲悬浮剂、12%阿维·虫螨腈水乳剂、25%阿维·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.486、0.995、1.024、2.147、4.573、5.761 mg/L;田间防效试验中,药后7 d,11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂在用量为20、40 g a.i./hm^(2)时的防效均超过90%,25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂在用量为60 g a.i./hm^(2)下的防效也较好,为92.73%,25%阿维·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂在低用量处理组中防效较差,剩余其他各处理的防效均超过80%。建议在草地贪夜蛾的田间防治中优先使用11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂,且与25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂、10%氯虫苯甲酰胺·虱螨脲悬浮剂、12%阿维·虫螨腈水乳剂等药剂轮用。展开更多
Many fungal phytopathogens can secrete oxalic acid （OA）, which is the crucial pathogenic determinant and plays important roles in pathogenicity and virulence of pathogen during infection process. However, how plants...Many fungal phytopathogens can secrete oxalic acid （OA）, which is the crucial pathogenic determinant and plays important roles in pathogenicity and virulence of pathogen during infection process. However, how plants respond to OA stress still needs further characterization. In this study, we observed the physiological and molecular responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to OA stress. The leaves of 6-wk-old A. thaliana were sprayed with OA and distilled water respectively, and 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h later, the leaves were collected and the contents of MDA, H2O2, and GSH, and the activities of CAT, SOD, and POD were determined and the expressions of PR1 and PDF1.2 were also studied. Under the stress of 30 mmol L-1 OA, SOD activity was first enhanced to reduce the accumulation of O2.-. But immediately, POD, CAT, and GSH all decreased extremely resulting in the accumulation of H2O2, and the MDA content increased 24 h later. GSH activity was enhanced significantly at 24 h after OA used. However, H2O2 wasn＇t eliminated at the same time, suggesting that the activity inhibitions of POD and CAT might be the reasons that caused Arabidopsis cells＇ impairment under OA stress. RT-PCR results indicated that PDF1.2, a marker gene of the JA/ET signaling was significantly induced; PR1, an indicator gene in SA signaling, was slighlty induced from 8 to 12 h after OA stress. In conclusion, Arabidopsis may recruit metabolism of reactive oxygen, both JA/ET and SA signaling pathways to respond to OA stress. These results will facilitate our further understanding the mechanisms of plant response to OA and OA-dependent fungal infection.展开更多
HNPC-A9908 （o-（3-phenoxybenzyl）-2-methylthio-1-（4-chlorophenyl） propyl ketone oxime）, a novel oxime insecticide, is a highly effective and broad-spectrum insecticide which can be widely used to control many spec...HNPC-A9908 （o-（3-phenoxybenzyl）-2-methylthio-1-（4-chlorophenyl） propyl ketone oxime）, a novel oxime insecticide, is a highly effective and broad-spectrum insecticide which can be widely used to control many species of foliar insects on various crops. A study was conducted to evaluate the fate of HNPC-A9908 and study the degradation dynamics of HNPC-A9908 residue in vegetable field ecosystem. The results showed that degradation of HNPC-A9908 was much faster in vegetable pakchoi than in soil, and its half-life in pakchoi and soil was 1.32 and 3.75 d, respectively. The final residue of HNPC-A9908 in pakchoi was at the undetectable level to 0.122 mg/kg. As a conclusion, a dosage of 90 g/hm^2 was suggested and considered to be safe to human beings and animals.展开更多
文摘建立液相色谱—串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测乙氧磺隆和双环磺草酮在水稻中残留分析方法。样品经乙腈溶液涡旋提取,NaCl盐析,0.25 g MgSO4、0.05 g PSA和0.05 g C18净化后,采用电喷雾离子源正离子扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式下,外标法定量。结果表明:在0.001~0.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)>0.99。当添加浓度为0.01~1.0 mg/kg时,在糙米中的平均回收率为84%~107%,相对标准偏差为1%~8%。当添加浓度为0.05~2.5 mg/kg时,在0.001~0.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)>0.99。在稻壳中的平均回收率为86%~101%,相对标准偏差为2%~8%;在秸秆中的平均回收率为87%~99%,相对标准偏差为6%~11%。乙氧磺隆和双环磺草酮在糙米中的定量限为0.01 mg/kg,在稻壳和秸秆中的定量限为0.05 mg/kg。
文摘为了筛选出防治玉米草地贪夜蛾的高效农药,采用浸叶法和《草地贪夜蛾防控技术规范》推荐的方法,对常见的六种杀虫剂分别进行室内毒力测定和田间防效评价。试验结果表明,11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂、25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂、10%氯虫苯甲酰胺·虱螨脲悬浮剂、12%阿维·虫螨腈水乳剂、25%阿维·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.486、0.995、1.024、2.147、4.573、5.761 mg/L;田间防效试验中,药后7 d,11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂在用量为20、40 g a.i./hm^(2)时的防效均超过90%,25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂在用量为60 g a.i./hm^(2)下的防效也较好,为92.73%,25%阿维·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂在低用量处理组中防效较差,剩余其他各处理的防效均超过80%。建议在草地贪夜蛾的田间防治中优先使用11.6%甲维盐·氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂,且与25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·茚虫威悬浮剂、10%氯虫苯甲酰胺·虱螨脲悬浮剂、12%阿维·虫螨腈水乳剂等药剂轮用。
基金funded by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (30671347)
文摘Many fungal phytopathogens can secrete oxalic acid （OA）, which is the crucial pathogenic determinant and plays important roles in pathogenicity and virulence of pathogen during infection process. However, how plants respond to OA stress still needs further characterization. In this study, we observed the physiological and molecular responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to OA stress. The leaves of 6-wk-old A. thaliana were sprayed with OA and distilled water respectively, and 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h later, the leaves were collected and the contents of MDA, H2O2, and GSH, and the activities of CAT, SOD, and POD were determined and the expressions of PR1 and PDF1.2 were also studied. Under the stress of 30 mmol L-1 OA, SOD activity was first enhanced to reduce the accumulation of O2.-. But immediately, POD, CAT, and GSH all decreased extremely resulting in the accumulation of H2O2, and the MDA content increased 24 h later. GSH activity was enhanced significantly at 24 h after OA used. However, H2O2 wasn＇t eliminated at the same time, suggesting that the activity inhibitions of POD and CAT might be the reasons that caused Arabidopsis cells＇ impairment under OA stress. RT-PCR results indicated that PDF1.2, a marker gene of the JA/ET signaling was significantly induced; PR1, an indicator gene in SA signaling, was slighlty induced from 8 to 12 h after OA stress. In conclusion, Arabidopsis may recruit metabolism of reactive oxygen, both JA/ET and SA signaling pathways to respond to OA stress. These results will facilitate our further understanding the mechanisms of plant response to OA and OA-dependent fungal infection.
基金The National "Tenth-Five Year"Key Technologies R & D Program of China (No. 2001BA308A02-10, 2004BA308A21-4)
文摘HNPC-A9908 （o-（3-phenoxybenzyl）-2-methylthio-1-（4-chlorophenyl） propyl ketone oxime）, a novel oxime insecticide, is a highly effective and broad-spectrum insecticide which can be widely used to control many species of foliar insects on various crops. A study was conducted to evaluate the fate of HNPC-A9908 and study the degradation dynamics of HNPC-A9908 residue in vegetable field ecosystem. The results showed that degradation of HNPC-A9908 was much faster in vegetable pakchoi than in soil, and its half-life in pakchoi and soil was 1.32 and 3.75 d, respectively. The final residue of HNPC-A9908 in pakchoi was at the undetectable level to 0.122 mg/kg. As a conclusion, a dosage of 90 g/hm^2 was suggested and considered to be safe to human beings and animals.
