Climate change is increasingly affecting farm-level decisions on when to plant and which climate smart agriculture (CSA) options to use. This study was conducted to determine the profitability and farmer acceptability...Climate change is increasingly affecting farm-level decisions on when to plant and which climate smart agriculture (CSA) options to use. This study was conducted to determine the profitability and farmer acceptability of different CSA options for maize-bean production in drought-prone areas of Uganda. It was conducted on-farm in Rakai and Nakasongola districts during 2020 and 2021. Variables included: planting date (early vs late);varieties (common beans: NABE 4 and NAROBEAN 2, and maize: Longe 5 and Bazooka);intercropping versus pure stand;and fertiliser use (manure, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or combination). The experimental design was split-split plot, replicated six times. Over two years, early planting caused 16% and up to 46% higher yields of maize and beans, respectively, than late planting, resulting in 14% - 28% and 18% - 43% higher Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratio for maize and beans, respectively. Intercropping reduced maize and beans yield by 16% - 25% and 52% - 57%, respectively. The B/C was highest for sole maize;intercropping was more profitable than sole beans. Fertilizer (DAP) was most profitable when Bazooka was early-planted as sole crop followed by intercrop. For late planted-crop, manure was better. These practices were more beneficial when applied simultaneously for both crops excluding bean variety. Farmers’ lessons stressed the importance of early planting and fertilizer use;however, majority indicated they were to adopt more than two of the practices tested.展开更多
Recycling human urine for farming was assessed in a peri-urban Kyanja parish, Kampala district, and in a rural Migyera parish, Nakasongola district, to demonstrate its potential and develop local use guidelines. Test ...Recycling human urine for farming was assessed in a peri-urban Kyanja parish, Kampala district, and in a rural Migyera parish, Nakasongola district, to demonstrate its potential and develop local use guidelines. Test crops were maize, Nakati （Solanum aethiopicum）, kale, spinach, cabbage, tomatoes, egg plants. Urine-water mixtures （0, 10%, 20%, 30% urine） were applied weekly or bi-weekly. At Kyanja, 30% urine weekly gave the highest maize yields. Within 2 months, 10% urine weekly increased Nakati yield from 5,444 to 24,667 kg ha^-1. 20% Urine weekly increased kale yield （7,556 to 16,111 kg ha^-1） and spinach （4,222 to 19,022 kg ha^-1）. At Migyera, 10% urine weekly increased cabbage yield （4,975 to 16,113 kg ha^-1） but 30% urine weekly decreased cabbage head-weight by 36%. Weekly applied urine produced heavier cabbage heads than bi-weekly （548 g vs. 427 g, P 〈 0.05）. LeafN was higher for weekly than bi-weekly applied urine （3.3% vs. 3.0%）, implying more protein in the former than the latter. From this study, the following guidelines are proposed： Kyanja area, maize： apply 30% urine weekly for 8-weeks; Nakati： apply 10% urine weekly for 8-weeks; Kale and spinach： apply 20% urine weekly; For Migyera area, cabbage and spinach： apply 10% urine weekly. Apply urine 15 cm around each plant starting 2-weeks after transplanting. So kale and spinach prolong urine application for continued harvesting.展开更多
文摘Climate change is increasingly affecting farm-level decisions on when to plant and which climate smart agriculture (CSA) options to use. This study was conducted to determine the profitability and farmer acceptability of different CSA options for maize-bean production in drought-prone areas of Uganda. It was conducted on-farm in Rakai and Nakasongola districts during 2020 and 2021. Variables included: planting date (early vs late);varieties (common beans: NABE 4 and NAROBEAN 2, and maize: Longe 5 and Bazooka);intercropping versus pure stand;and fertiliser use (manure, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or combination). The experimental design was split-split plot, replicated six times. Over two years, early planting caused 16% and up to 46% higher yields of maize and beans, respectively, than late planting, resulting in 14% - 28% and 18% - 43% higher Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratio for maize and beans, respectively. Intercropping reduced maize and beans yield by 16% - 25% and 52% - 57%, respectively. The B/C was highest for sole maize;intercropping was more profitable than sole beans. Fertilizer (DAP) was most profitable when Bazooka was early-planted as sole crop followed by intercrop. For late planted-crop, manure was better. These practices were more beneficial when applied simultaneously for both crops excluding bean variety. Farmers’ lessons stressed the importance of early planting and fertilizer use;however, majority indicated they were to adopt more than two of the practices tested.
文摘Recycling human urine for farming was assessed in a peri-urban Kyanja parish, Kampala district, and in a rural Migyera parish, Nakasongola district, to demonstrate its potential and develop local use guidelines. Test crops were maize, Nakati （Solanum aethiopicum）, kale, spinach, cabbage, tomatoes, egg plants. Urine-water mixtures （0, 10%, 20%, 30% urine） were applied weekly or bi-weekly. At Kyanja, 30% urine weekly gave the highest maize yields. Within 2 months, 10% urine weekly increased Nakati yield from 5,444 to 24,667 kg ha^-1. 20% Urine weekly increased kale yield （7,556 to 16,111 kg ha^-1） and spinach （4,222 to 19,022 kg ha^-1）. At Migyera, 10% urine weekly increased cabbage yield （4,975 to 16,113 kg ha^-1） but 30% urine weekly decreased cabbage head-weight by 36%. Weekly applied urine produced heavier cabbage heads than bi-weekly （548 g vs. 427 g, P 〈 0.05）. LeafN was higher for weekly than bi-weekly applied urine （3.3% vs. 3.0%）, implying more protein in the former than the latter. From this study, the following guidelines are proposed： Kyanja area, maize： apply 30% urine weekly for 8-weeks; Nakati： apply 10% urine weekly for 8-weeks; Kale and spinach： apply 20% urine weekly; For Migyera area, cabbage and spinach： apply 10% urine weekly. Apply urine 15 cm around each plant starting 2-weeks after transplanting. So kale and spinach prolong urine application for continued harvesting.
