Since the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19),which caused several respiratory diseases,was formally declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization(WHO)on March 11,2020,it affected the lifestyle and health o...Since the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19),which caused several respiratory diseases,was formally declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization(WHO)on March 11,2020,it affected the lifestyle and health of athletes,both directly through cardiorespiratory and other health related effects,and indirectly as the pandemic has forced the suspension,postponement,or cancellation of most professional sporting events around the world.In this review,we explore the journey of athletes throughout the pandemic and during their return to their competitive routine.We also highlight potential pitfalls during the process and summarize the recommendations for the optimal return to sport participation.We further discuss the impact of the pandemic on the psychology of athletes,the variance between the team and individual athletes,and their ability to cope with the changes.Moreover,we specifically reviewed the pandemic impact on younger professional athletes in terms of mental and fitness health.Finally,we shaded light on the various impacts of mass gathering events and recommendations for managing upcoming events.展开更多
Liver magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has seen a massive increase in its use over the last decades.Since its first description in the early 1980s,contrast‐enhanced MRI is now the gold standard for the diagnosis of hep...Liver magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has seen a massive increase in its use over the last decades.Since its first description in the early 1980s,contrast‐enhanced MRI is now the gold standard for the diagnosis of hepatocellular cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis.Techniques like magnetic resonance(MR)elastography and combinations of multiple MR parameters in single scanning protocols are now available and these are opening new possibilities for the assessment of multiple aspects of disease in patients with liver cirrhosis.In this narrative review,we provide an overview of the use of MRI in patients with cirrhosis for the diagnosis of and screening for liver cancer,for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and prediction of long‐term outcomes,and for the evaluation of portal hypertension.With the multitude of techniques now available and the number of cirrhosis aspects that can be assessed by single scans make the study and application of MRI an attractive target in the search for a technique for use in this group of patients that often have to attend for multiple appointments and multiple tests,including invasive investigations.展开更多
文摘Since the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19),which caused several respiratory diseases,was formally declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization(WHO)on March 11,2020,it affected the lifestyle and health of athletes,both directly through cardiorespiratory and other health related effects,and indirectly as the pandemic has forced the suspension,postponement,or cancellation of most professional sporting events around the world.In this review,we explore the journey of athletes throughout the pandemic and during their return to their competitive routine.We also highlight potential pitfalls during the process and summarize the recommendations for the optimal return to sport participation.We further discuss the impact of the pandemic on the psychology of athletes,the variance between the team and individual athletes,and their ability to cope with the changes.Moreover,we specifically reviewed the pandemic impact on younger professional athletes in terms of mental and fitness health.Finally,we shaded light on the various impacts of mass gathering events and recommendations for managing upcoming events.
文摘Liver magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has seen a massive increase in its use over the last decades.Since its first description in the early 1980s,contrast‐enhanced MRI is now the gold standard for the diagnosis of hepatocellular cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis.Techniques like magnetic resonance(MR)elastography and combinations of multiple MR parameters in single scanning protocols are now available and these are opening new possibilities for the assessment of multiple aspects of disease in patients with liver cirrhosis.In this narrative review,we provide an overview of the use of MRI in patients with cirrhosis for the diagnosis of and screening for liver cancer,for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and prediction of long‐term outcomes,and for the evaluation of portal hypertension.With the multitude of techniques now available and the number of cirrhosis aspects that can be assessed by single scans make the study and application of MRI an attractive target in the search for a technique for use in this group of patients that often have to attend for multiple appointments and multiple tests,including invasive investigations.
