类风湿关节炎实验性动物模型研究进展

类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种病因不明的慢性自身免疫性疾病,不仅影响关节的活动和健康,还累及全身多个组织器官。RA目前尚无特效药治疗,是国内外研究的热点和难点,构建与人类RA相似度高的动物模型对研究该疾病的发病机制及药物治疗至关重要。该文就目前常用RA动物模型的构建方法、发病机制及病理特征等展开论述,以期为合理选择实验动物模型作为RA的基础研究与药物筛选提供依据和参考。

中度重症急性胰腺炎患者早期经胃管和空肠管行肠内营养治疗的疗效对比

目的观察中度重症胰腺炎患者早期经胃管和空肠管行肠内营养治疗的临床疗效。方法选取2017年2月至2018年2月入我院消化内科的MSAP患者共56例,随机分为胃管组(NG组,29例)和空肠管组(NJ组,27例)。入院后进行急性胃肠损伤分级评估,予常规治疗,液体复苏,必要时血液净化等治疗。两组患者均于入院后48～72 h内置入胃管或空肠管,急性胃肠损伤分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级患者置管后即启动肠内营养。观察入院24 h及发病1周时CRP,入院1周的CTSI评分,肠内营养达标时间,肠内营养持续时间,腹痛缓解时间,住院时间,腹胀、腹泻、腹痛加剧和反流等喂养不良反应,胰腺坏死合并感染的发生率,器官衰竭并发症、手术及死亡等不良事件。结果病因中胆源性占48. 2%,高脂血症性占32. 1%,酒精性占12. 5%。NJ组和NG组的EN达标时间、EN持续时间和总体喂养不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),但NG组腹胀、反流的发生率高于NJ组(P <0. 05)。器官衰竭中ARDS发生率最高,其次为急性肾功能不全和休克。NJ组和NG组器官衰竭和胰腺坏死合并感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。此外,两组入院24 h CRP、入院1周CRP、入院1周CTSI、住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论与NJ相比,经NG行早期肠内营养治疗MSAP患者具有短时、高效、安全的特点,并可早期实施,此外,MSAP患者启动EN前应进行胃肠道功能的评估。

miR-10b promotes porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting the DAZAP1 gene

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) have been widely identified in porcine testicular tissues and implicated as crucial regulators of proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation in porcine spermatogenesis related cells. However, the function roles of most of the miRNAs that have been identified in Sertoli cells are poorly understood. In the present study, six experiments were conducted to study the regulatory role of miR-10b in porcine immature Sertoli cells. In experiment 1, the results showed that the relative mRNA expression level of miR-10b in porcine testicular tissues decreased quadratically(P<0.001) with increasing age, while the relative mRNA expression level of DAZAP1 gene increased(P<0.001). In addition, the mRNA expression of miR-10b was negatively(P<0.01) correlated with DAZAP1 mRNA expression(r=–0.550). In experiment 2, the results from the bioinformatic analysis and a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-10b directly targeted the DAZAP1 gene in porcine immature Sertoli cells. DAZAP1 mRNA and protein expressions were both regulated(P<0.05) by miR-10b. In experiments 3 to 5, the over-expression of miR-10b or the siRNA-mediated knockdown of the DAZAP1 gene promoted(P<0.05) porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation, as determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay and the 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU) assay. However, an annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay and the expression of cell survival-related genes indicated that over-expression of miR-10b or knockdown of DAZAP1 had no effect(P>0.05) on porcine immature Sertoli cell apoptosis. In experiment 6, the co-transfection treatment results showed that miR-10b promoted(P<0.05) porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting DAZAP1 gene. Overall, these experiments demonstrated that miR-10b promotes porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting the DAZAP1 gene.

miR-34c inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis in immature porcine Sertoli cells by targeting the SMAD7 gene

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are implicated in swine spermatogenesis via their regulations of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Recent studies indicated that miR-34 c is indispensable in the late steps of spermatogenesis. However, whether miR-34 c plays similar important roles in immature porcine Sertoli cells remain unknown. In the present study, we conducted two experiments using a completely randomised design to study the function roles of miR-34 c. The results from experiment I demonstrated that the relative expression level of miR-34 c in swine testicular tissues increased(P=0.0017) quadratically with increasing age, while the relative expression level of SMAD family member 7(SMAD7) decreased(P=0.0009) with curve. Furthermore, miR-34 c expression levels showed a significant negative correlation(P=0.013) with SMAD7 gene expression levels. The results from experiment II indicated that miR-34 c directly targets the SMAD7 gene using a luciferase reporter assay, and suppresses(P<0.05) SMAD7 mRNA and protein expressions in immature porcine Sertoli cells. Overexpression of miR-34 c inhibited(P<0.05) proliferation and enhanced(P<0.05) apoptosis in the immature porcine Sertoli cells, which was supported by the results from the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay, the 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU) assay, and the Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay. Furthermore, knockdown of SMAD7 via small interfering RNA(siR NA) gave a similar result. It is concluded that miR-34 c inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis in immature porcine Sertoli cells by targeting the SMAD7 gene.

奥氮平联合盐酸帕罗西丁治疗抑郁症的临床效果

目的探讨奥氮平联合盐酸帕罗西丁治疗抑郁症的临床效果。方法选取2020年1月至10月湖南省脑科医院收治的88例抑郁症患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与研究组,每组各44例。对照组患者采用盐酸帕罗西丁治疗,研究组患者采用奥氮平联合盐酸帕罗西丁治疗。比较两组患者的治疗总有效率、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、生活质量评分。结果研究组患者的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组患者的HAMD评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组患者的生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在抑郁症患者的临床治疗中,实行奥氮平联合盐酸帕罗西丁治疗的效果更好,可以有效缓解患者的症状,且有效改善患者的负面情绪,提升其生活质量,具有一定的优势,适宜被广泛推广。