Field experiments were conducted during the wet seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, a part of eastern plateau region of India. The study was des...Field experiments were conducted during the wet seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, a part of eastern plateau region of India. The study was designed to investigate the effect of planting geometry and nutrient management practices on productivity of two hybrid rice cultivars. Split-plot design with three replications was adopted to carry out the experiment by allocating combinations of treatments of planting geometry and rice cultivar in main-plots and nutrient management treatments in sub-plots. “CNRH-3” rice proved its efficiency in terms of grain yield that was also reflected in yield attributing characters such as number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, length of panicle, panicle weight, test weight and harvest index. Higher rice grain yield was registered when the cultivars grown in 20 cm × 20 cm planting geometry. Rice cultivars grown with the application of inorganic fertilizers alone produced maximum grain yield and also recorded higher values of ancillary characters. The maximum amount of N, P and K was taken up by the “CNRH-3” rice, whereas maximum residual soil fertility was recorded in “Pro Agro 6201” rice. Maximum N, P and K uptake values were recorded in 20 cm × 20 cm crop geometry and inorganic fertilizers treatment.展开更多
Groundwater levels are gradually declining in basins around the world due to anthropogenic and natural factors.Climate is not the only factor contributing to change in groundwater levels,population growth and economic...Groundwater levels are gradually declining in basins around the world due to anthropogenic and natural factors.Climate is not the only factor contributing to change in groundwater levels,population growth and economic progress are leading to increased water demand.Areas used for agricultural irrigation are expanding,necessitating the use of artificial groundwater recharge as a method to sustain pumping and enhance storage.The present study delineates potential locations of significant groundwater resources that already exist using a geostatistical approach as a method to identify potential groundwater recharge zones.The Multi-Influencing Factors(MIF)technique was applied to determine the relationship between different landscape and climatic factors that influence groundwater recharge.Factors include topography,climate,hydrogeology,population,economic change,and geology.Integration of these factors enabled the identification of potential locations of groundwater suitable for artificial recharge efforts based on weights derived through the MIF technique.We applied these weights to derive a groundwater recharge index(GRI)map.The map was delineated into three groundwater recharge zones classified by their potential areal coverage as a metric for recharge suitability,namely low,medium and high suitability,occupying areas of 8625 km2(30.06%),9082 km2(31.65%),and 10,989 km~2(38.29%),respectively.Our findings have important implications for designing sustainable groundwater development and land-use plans for the coming century.展开更多
The P-fixing capacity of a soil governs the P-nutrition of crop plants. P-nutrition of the crop plant is more a soil problem and a higher dose of phosphatic fertilizer is necessary for soils having high P-fixing capac...The P-fixing capacity of a soil governs the P-nutrition of crop plants. P-nutrition of the crop plant is more a soil problem and a higher dose of phosphatic fertilizer is necessary for soils having high P-fixing capacity. The phenomenon of P-fixation and the great variation in the P-fixing capacity of different soils has thus important bearing on crop response to P-application. The eastern plateau region of India with acid lateritic soil is chronically deficient in available phosphorus resulting in very low productivity. An experiment was thus carried out to estimate the P-fixing capacity of soil collected from two depths, 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 50 cm, from the Agricultural experimental farm of Indian Statistical Institute, situated at Giridih, Jharkhand, in the eastern India. The soil was acidic in reaction (pH-5.4) with presence of Fe (1.60%) and Al (17.2%). The P-fixing capacity of the soil was estimated to be 59.60% and 64.94% for the surface and the subsurface soil respectively showing lower P-fixing capacity of the surface soil as compared to the subsurface soil which may be due to presence of more organic matter in the surface soil as organic molecules released on decomposition of organic matter complexes with Fe and Al in the soil thereby blocking the P-fixing sites in the soil.展开更多
With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs,water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the future.India is a highly water-stressed country.Hence,India needs to invest in improving its w...With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs,water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the future.India is a highly water-stressed country.Hence,India needs to invest in improving its water productivity,and any capacity to produce more rice with less water.System of Rice Intensification(SRI)has attracted much attention in increasing rice yield per unit area.For this study,fifteen farmers were selected those were practicing SRI technology by themselves during the Boro-cultivation season(January-April).The study was continued for three consecutive years 2012 to 14 on the same fields.In addition to the SRI plots,a similar size of non-SRI plot was maintained in conventional cultivation for comparison purpose.On an average,the non-SR I ight increased by 12%,number of tillers per square meter by 85%,number of reproductive tillers per hill by 286%,weight of panicle per hill by 139%,number of seeds per panicle by 41%and test weight by 26% due to SRI practice over the non-SRI practice.Average increment in straw and grain yield due to SRI over the non-SRI is 70%and 59%respectively.The physico-chemical and biological properties of soil improved due to SRI practice.展开更多
Improper land use results in land degradation as well as decline in agricultural productivity.To obtain optimum benefit from the land,proper utilization of its resources is necessary.Land suitability analysis is the e...Improper land use results in land degradation as well as decline in agricultural productivity.To obtain optimum benefit from the land,proper utilization of its resources is necessary.Land suitability analysis is the evaluation and grouping of specific areas of land in terms of their suitability for a defined use,which is a precondition for sustainable land use planning.This study investigated the applicability of Geographical Information System(GIS)techniques in combination with multi-criteria land evaluation for analysing land suitability.The study used the weighted overlay technique for multi-criteria evaluation with GIS for the assessment of suitability of wheat cultivation in Beko watershed(Purulia,India).The watershed area is moderately suitable for wheat crop production,with constraints like imperfect drainage and poor soil depth.展开更多
文摘Field experiments were conducted during the wet seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, a part of eastern plateau region of India. The study was designed to investigate the effect of planting geometry and nutrient management practices on productivity of two hybrid rice cultivars. Split-plot design with three replications was adopted to carry out the experiment by allocating combinations of treatments of planting geometry and rice cultivar in main-plots and nutrient management treatments in sub-plots. “CNRH-3” rice proved its efficiency in terms of grain yield that was also reflected in yield attributing characters such as number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, length of panicle, panicle weight, test weight and harvest index. Higher rice grain yield was registered when the cultivars grown in 20 cm × 20 cm planting geometry. Rice cultivars grown with the application of inorganic fertilizers alone produced maximum grain yield and also recorded higher values of ancillary characters. The maximum amount of N, P and K was taken up by the “CNRH-3” rice, whereas maximum residual soil fertility was recorded in “Pro Agro 6201” rice. Maximum N, P and K uptake values were recorded in 20 cm × 20 cm crop geometry and inorganic fertilizers treatment.
文摘Groundwater levels are gradually declining in basins around the world due to anthropogenic and natural factors.Climate is not the only factor contributing to change in groundwater levels,population growth and economic progress are leading to increased water demand.Areas used for agricultural irrigation are expanding,necessitating the use of artificial groundwater recharge as a method to sustain pumping and enhance storage.The present study delineates potential locations of significant groundwater resources that already exist using a geostatistical approach as a method to identify potential groundwater recharge zones.The Multi-Influencing Factors(MIF)technique was applied to determine the relationship between different landscape and climatic factors that influence groundwater recharge.Factors include topography,climate,hydrogeology,population,economic change,and geology.Integration of these factors enabled the identification of potential locations of groundwater suitable for artificial recharge efforts based on weights derived through the MIF technique.We applied these weights to derive a groundwater recharge index(GRI)map.The map was delineated into three groundwater recharge zones classified by their potential areal coverage as a metric for recharge suitability,namely low,medium and high suitability,occupying areas of 8625 km2(30.06%),9082 km2(31.65%),and 10,989 km~2(38.29%),respectively.Our findings have important implications for designing sustainable groundwater development and land-use plans for the coming century.
文摘The P-fixing capacity of a soil governs the P-nutrition of crop plants. P-nutrition of the crop plant is more a soil problem and a higher dose of phosphatic fertilizer is necessary for soils having high P-fixing capacity. The phenomenon of P-fixation and the great variation in the P-fixing capacity of different soils has thus important bearing on crop response to P-application. The eastern plateau region of India with acid lateritic soil is chronically deficient in available phosphorus resulting in very low productivity. An experiment was thus carried out to estimate the P-fixing capacity of soil collected from two depths, 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 50 cm, from the Agricultural experimental farm of Indian Statistical Institute, situated at Giridih, Jharkhand, in the eastern India. The soil was acidic in reaction (pH-5.4) with presence of Fe (1.60%) and Al (17.2%). The P-fixing capacity of the soil was estimated to be 59.60% and 64.94% for the surface and the subsurface soil respectively showing lower P-fixing capacity of the surface soil as compared to the subsurface soil which may be due to presence of more organic matter in the surface soil as organic molecules released on decomposition of organic matter complexes with Fe and Al in the soil thereby blocking the P-fixing sites in the soil.
文摘With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs,water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the future.India is a highly water-stressed country.Hence,India needs to invest in improving its water productivity,and any capacity to produce more rice with less water.System of Rice Intensification(SRI)has attracted much attention in increasing rice yield per unit area.For this study,fifteen farmers were selected those were practicing SRI technology by themselves during the Boro-cultivation season(January-April).The study was continued for three consecutive years 2012 to 14 on the same fields.In addition to the SRI plots,a similar size of non-SRI plot was maintained in conventional cultivation for comparison purpose.On an average,the non-SR I ight increased by 12%,number of tillers per square meter by 85%,number of reproductive tillers per hill by 286%,weight of panicle per hill by 139%,number of seeds per panicle by 41%and test weight by 26% due to SRI practice over the non-SRI practice.Average increment in straw and grain yield due to SRI over the non-SRI is 70%and 59%respectively.The physico-chemical and biological properties of soil improved due to SRI practice.
文摘Improper land use results in land degradation as well as decline in agricultural productivity.To obtain optimum benefit from the land,proper utilization of its resources is necessary.Land suitability analysis is the evaluation and grouping of specific areas of land in terms of their suitability for a defined use,which is a precondition for sustainable land use planning.This study investigated the applicability of Geographical Information System(GIS)techniques in combination with multi-criteria land evaluation for analysing land suitability.The study used the weighted overlay technique for multi-criteria evaluation with GIS for the assessment of suitability of wheat cultivation in Beko watershed(Purulia,India).The watershed area is moderately suitable for wheat crop production,with constraints like imperfect drainage and poor soil depth.
