Sustainable remediation of failed slope using helical soil nails

The performance of a helical soil nailed structure is dependent on the installation torque required and the consequent pullout resistance developed.The present research work aims at proposing theoretical models to estimate the required torque during installation of helical soil nails.Moreover,theoretical models are also developed to predict the pullout capacity of single and group of the helical nail for uniform and staggered arrangements.The proposed model predicts the pure-elastic and elastic-plastic pullout behavior of different helical nails.An equation for estimating the capacity-totorque Ratio(Kt)has also been developed for different nail shaft diameters.The results from the proposed models are validated with experimental results obtained from model testing of both single and group of helical nails.The predicted results are also compared for validation with the published literature.The results for installation torque and pullout load depict that the developed models predict values which are in accordance with the experimental results and are also found in good agreement with the published literature.Thus,the proposed models can effectively be used by the filed engineers for estimating the required installation torque and corresponding pullout capacities for single or double plate helical soil nails in cohesionless soil under surcharge pressure range of 0–50k Pa.

Spectrum of Atypical Presentation of Tubercular Infections of Central Nervous System—Case Series and Review of Literature

Tubercular infections of central nervous system commonly present with hydrocephalus, basal exudates, infarcts, tuberculomas, etc. However, rarely there are atypical lesions which can pose greater difficulty in differentiating from other lesions like tumors. This case series describes the spectrum of such lesions, with review few individual reports found in literature. Clinical presentations were weakness of limbs, slurring of speech and underlying primary tubercular focus. The age group ranged from 16 - 60 years with M:F ratio being 1:1. Spectrum of such lesions is discussed here with emphasis on the role of magnetic resonance imaging in prompt diagnosis. Thus initiating an early conservative line of management and its follow up with aversion of neurointervention which has its own inherent complications, the final outcome is a reduction in morbidity and mortality (as noted in the follow up) as well as patient cost care.

Role of Computed Tomographic Scanning in Pediatric Head Injury: An Observational Cohort of Data of 60 Patients

Pediatric head injury is one of the major health problems. That can be easily evaluated by computed tomographic scanning. This study describes the various findings of pediatric head trauma seen on CT scan, the timely diagnosis of which plays a vital role in prognosis, especially in semiurban and remote location where the decision for tertiary referral is important. Timely intervention in traumatic brain injury cases reduces morbidity and mortality. Cerebral edema, which is the most common intracranial lesion, can be promptly managed by medicosurgical support with ICP monitoring, thereby improving the overall prognosis. Other lesions commonly seen are subdural hematomas and skull fractures. Limitations of radiographs, ultrasound and MRI in these acute cases, highlight the benefit of CT scans.

Traumatic posterior hip dislocation in a 16-month-old child： a case report and review of literature

Traumatic posterior hip dislocation is an uncommon injury in children, constituting less than 5% of paediatric dislocations. In a younger child （〈5 years）, minor trauma such as a slip or fall from a low height may cause a hip dislocation, whereas in an adolescent a dislocation is usually caused by a major trauma such as motor vehicle accident. In this case report we present a rare case of trau- matic hip dislocation in a 16-month-old girl. Early detectionand closed reduction ensured good outcome in our case. A high index of suspicion is necessary to achieve satisfactory reduction within six hours of dislocation because reduction after this period will greatly increase the risk of complications.

Implantless patellar fixation in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction

Purpose:The medial patellofemoral ligament(MPFL)acts as primary restraint to lateral patellar dislocation and its rupture has been reported in almost all cases of acute patellar dislocation.Various surgical techniques have been described for MPFL reconstruction,using many femoral and patellar fixation techniques and different grafts.This article details our technique for MPFL reconstruction using semitendinosus graft which avoids the use of implant at patellar end.Methods:Twenty patients(8 males and 12 females)with complaints regarding acute and chronic lateral patellar instability were evaluated and treated by MPFL reconstruction procedure.The mean age of patients was 21 years(range 17-34 years).MPFL reconstruction was performed using semitendinosus graft passing through two parallel,obliquely directed tunnels created in patella.Fixation of graft was done with an interference screw only at the femoral end.Mean follow-up period after intervention was 26.4 months(range 23-30 months).Results were evaluated using Kujala score.Results:All patients gained adequate patellar stability and full arc of motion.No incidence of patella fracture was noted.There were no postoperative complications related to the procedure.There was no recurrence of instability in patella at final follow-up.Conclusion:Passing the graft through the tunnels in patella without use of any implant has given excellent functional outcome and moreover has the advantages of less implant-related complications and cost-effectiveness.

p-TSA-catalyzed one-pot synthesis and docking studies of some 5H-indeno[ 1,2-b]quinoline-9,11 (6H,10H)-dione derivatives as anticonvulsant agents

The present work describes a facile, one-pot three component environment friendly, green synthesis of a series of 5-（4-methoxyphenyl）-7,7-dimethyl-10-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-SH-indeno[ 1,2-b]quinoline- 9,11 （6H,10H）-dione derivatives 8（a-n）. 1,3-indanedione, awl-aldehyde and enaminone was thoroughly ground in the presence of catalytic amount of p-toluene sulfonic acid （p-TSA） to give the titled compounds in good yields. All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity using the maximal electroshock （MES） method with phenytoin as a standard drug along with their neurotoxicity effect. Derivatives 8b, 8e and 8k exhibited significant anticonvulsant activity （P 〈 0.001）. The neurotoxicity study clearly revealed that all the tested compounds are non-toxic at a dose of 40 mg/kg. The molecular modeling studies also predicted good binding interactions of most active molecules with the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. Therefore, it can be safely concluded that synthesized derivatives 8（a-n） would represent useful leads for further investigation in the development of a new class of anticonvulsant agents.

Molecular characterization of DENV-3 circulating during the post-monsoon period of 2013–14 in Delhi, India

Dear Editor,Dengue infection is one of the emerging concerns for public health on a global scale.Over the past few years,dengue transmission has increased in the Americas,the western Pacific and southeast Asia.The magnitude,distribution,and clinical severity of dengue outbreaks have been an alarming signal in the southeast Asia region.Major outbreaks have been reported in countries in