Colorectal cancer is a very common malignancy worldwide and development of liver metastases,both synchronous or metachronous,is a common event.Of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,up to 77% have a liver-o...Colorectal cancer is a very common malignancy worldwide and development of liver metastases,both synchronous or metachronous,is a common event.Of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,up to 77% have a liver-only disease and approximately 10%-20% of patients with colorectal liver metastases are considered resectable at the time of diagnosis.Surgical resection of liver metastases remains the best treatment option and it is associated with a survival plateau and a 20%-25% of long-term survivors.Perioperative chemotherapy for resectable liver metastases may improve resecability of liver metastases and disease free survival,but its impact on overall survival is still unclear and more studies are needed.Moreover,preoperative chemotherapy can increase postoperative complications.Further studies are needed to define the role of adjuvant chemotherapy after a R0 resection of liver metastases and to define the criteria for a better selection of patients candidate to hepatectomy.New strategies such as targeted therapies are emerging with promising results.Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach,local and systemic,but it is a still pending question.Colorectal liver metastases represent a major challenge for oncologists and surgeons.In this review will be analyzed available data about assessment and management of the patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases.展开更多
Ectopic thymic tissue can be present in the thyroid gland and a carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation(CASTLE) may arise from such tissue. We are reported the case of a 26-year-old man with CASTLE, with cervica...Ectopic thymic tissue can be present in the thyroid gland and a carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation(CASTLE) may arise from such tissue. We are reported the case of a 26-year-old man with CASTLE, with cervical subcutaneous nodules relapse, who showed a good response to treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The problematic aspect of this case was the diagnosis; only on review were we able to make a final diagnosis. CASTLE is a very rare neoplasm. It is important to differentiate this cancer from others tumors such as primary or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck or squamous cell thyroid carcinoma, because the therapy and prognosis are different.Diagnosis is complicated and requires careful histological analysis(CD5- and P63-positive with presence of Hassall's corpuscles); unfortunately there is no gold standard treatment so, in this case, we administered a sandwich of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.Extensive research has yielded advances in first-line treatment strategies,but there is no standardized second-line therapy.In this review...Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.Extensive research has yielded advances in first-line treatment strategies,but there is no standardized second-line therapy.In this review,we examine the literature trying to establish a possible therapeutic algorithm.展开更多
文摘Colorectal cancer is a very common malignancy worldwide and development of liver metastases,both synchronous or metachronous,is a common event.Of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,up to 77% have a liver-only disease and approximately 10%-20% of patients with colorectal liver metastases are considered resectable at the time of diagnosis.Surgical resection of liver metastases remains the best treatment option and it is associated with a survival plateau and a 20%-25% of long-term survivors.Perioperative chemotherapy for resectable liver metastases may improve resecability of liver metastases and disease free survival,but its impact on overall survival is still unclear and more studies are needed.Moreover,preoperative chemotherapy can increase postoperative complications.Further studies are needed to define the role of adjuvant chemotherapy after a R0 resection of liver metastases and to define the criteria for a better selection of patients candidate to hepatectomy.New strategies such as targeted therapies are emerging with promising results.Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach,local and systemic,but it is a still pending question.Colorectal liver metastases represent a major challenge for oncologists and surgeons.In this review will be analyzed available data about assessment and management of the patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases.
文摘Ectopic thymic tissue can be present in the thyroid gland and a carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation(CASTLE) may arise from such tissue. We are reported the case of a 26-year-old man with CASTLE, with cervical subcutaneous nodules relapse, who showed a good response to treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The problematic aspect of this case was the diagnosis; only on review were we able to make a final diagnosis. CASTLE is a very rare neoplasm. It is important to differentiate this cancer from others tumors such as primary or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck or squamous cell thyroid carcinoma, because the therapy and prognosis are different.Diagnosis is complicated and requires careful histological analysis(CD5- and P63-positive with presence of Hassall's corpuscles); unfortunately there is no gold standard treatment so, in this case, we administered a sandwich of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
文摘Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.Extensive research has yielded advances in first-line treatment strategies,but there is no standardized second-line therapy.In this review,we examine the literature trying to establish a possible therapeutic algorithm.
