Advances in cancer treatment allow women to be cured and live longer. However, the necessary chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens have a negative impact on future fertility. Oncofertility has emerged as a new interd...Advances in cancer treatment allow women to be cured and live longer. However, the necessary chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens have a negative impact on future fertility. Oncofertility has emerged as a new interdisciplinary field to address the issue of gonadotoxicity associated with cancer treatment and to facilitate fertility preservation, including oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. These fertility issues are often inadequately addressed, and referral rates to oncofertility centers are low. The aim of this study was to report the 3-year experience of the San Raffaele Oncofertility Unit. A total of 96 patients were referred to the Oncofertility Unit for evaluation after the diagnosis of cancer and before gonadotoxic treatment between April 2011 and June 2014. Of the 96 patients, 30(31.2%) were affected by breast cancers, 20(20.8%) by sarcomas, 28(29.2%) by hematologic malignancies, 13(13.5%) by central nervous system cancers, 3(3.1%) by bowel tumors, 1(1.0%) by Wilms' tumor, and 1(1.0%) by a thyroid tumor; 47(49.0%) were referred for oocyte cryopreservation before starting chemotherapy, 20(20.8%) were referred for ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and 29(30.2%) were not recruited. The mean time between the patients' counseling and oocyte retrieval was 15 days(range, 2–37 days). The mean time between the laparoscopic surgery and the beginning of treatment was 4 days(range, 2–10 days). The number of patients who were referred increased over time, whereas the rate of patients who were not recruited decreased, showing an improvement in referrals to the Oncofertility Unit and in the patients' counseling and understanding. Our results indicate that an effective multidisciplinary oncofertility team is necessary for prompt referrals and treatment.展开更多
This article considers places where climate change-induced hazards will be particularly important,focusing on two examples,the lagoon location of Venice and the Garonne riverbank location of Bordeaux. The Venice lagoo...This article considers places where climate change-induced hazards will be particularly important,focusing on two examples,the lagoon location of Venice and the Garonne riverbank location of Bordeaux. The Venice lagoon territory is close to the coast and has a dispersed form of urban development. Our project experiments resulted in the formulation of a series of adaptation strategies to increased disaster risks,including returning current agricultural land and residential areas to their original state as wetlands and marshes before their reclamation during the early decades of the twentieth century. The scenarios introduce space as a relevant variable into the debate about the impact of climate change and adaptation. This article also deals with the recovery of “bad places,” such as the urban blight on the Garonne riverbanks of Bordeaux,and their relationship with sustainability and disaster risks. Increasingly,the emphasis on minimizing energy consumption and promoting recycling forces cities to reuse places of elevated risk. Only very recently in modern urban planning are polluted and risky areas frequently selected for new development projects to reclaim the vast areas of existing brownfields in the name of sustainability. Integrating disaster risk reduction into a new economic and social context has thus become an extremely important part of contemporary urban design and planning for these reclaimed(bad) areas. The research concludes that urban and territorial design should and can integrate the inevitability of risk. This is necessary for developing approaches and strategies that offer some rethinking about “wicked” problems,long-term time horizons,radical imagination,dynamic representations,and minute territorial readings in contemporary urban planning.展开更多
This special issue of the International Journal of Disaster Risk Science on Disaster and Urbanism shares our empirical research and conceptual contribution to the discussion of risk,disaster,and war and conflict from ...This special issue of the International Journal of Disaster Risk Science on Disaster and Urbanism shares our empirical research and conceptual contribution to the discussion of risk,disaster,and war and conflict from the perspective of urbanism or urban studies.By contributing to the emerging study of extreme urban conditions,the special issue engages urbanism with disaster risk science,crosses geopolitical boundaries,exhibits a variety of sociocultural traditions,and unfolds several transdisciplinary intellectual debates.展开更多
文摘Advances in cancer treatment allow women to be cured and live longer. However, the necessary chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens have a negative impact on future fertility. Oncofertility has emerged as a new interdisciplinary field to address the issue of gonadotoxicity associated with cancer treatment and to facilitate fertility preservation, including oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. These fertility issues are often inadequately addressed, and referral rates to oncofertility centers are low. The aim of this study was to report the 3-year experience of the San Raffaele Oncofertility Unit. A total of 96 patients were referred to the Oncofertility Unit for evaluation after the diagnosis of cancer and before gonadotoxic treatment between April 2011 and June 2014. Of the 96 patients, 30(31.2%) were affected by breast cancers, 20(20.8%) by sarcomas, 28(29.2%) by hematologic malignancies, 13(13.5%) by central nervous system cancers, 3(3.1%) by bowel tumors, 1(1.0%) by Wilms' tumor, and 1(1.0%) by a thyroid tumor; 47(49.0%) were referred for oocyte cryopreservation before starting chemotherapy, 20(20.8%) were referred for ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and 29(30.2%) were not recruited. The mean time between the patients' counseling and oocyte retrieval was 15 days(range, 2–37 days). The mean time between the laparoscopic surgery and the beginning of treatment was 4 days(range, 2–10 days). The number of patients who were referred increased over time, whereas the rate of patients who were not recruited decreased, showing an improvement in referrals to the Oncofertility Unit and in the patients' counseling and understanding. Our results indicate that an effective multidisciplinary oncofertility team is necessary for prompt referrals and treatment.
文摘This article considers places where climate change-induced hazards will be particularly important,focusing on two examples,the lagoon location of Venice and the Garonne riverbank location of Bordeaux. The Venice lagoon territory is close to the coast and has a dispersed form of urban development. Our project experiments resulted in the formulation of a series of adaptation strategies to increased disaster risks,including returning current agricultural land and residential areas to their original state as wetlands and marshes before their reclamation during the early decades of the twentieth century. The scenarios introduce space as a relevant variable into the debate about the impact of climate change and adaptation. This article also deals with the recovery of “bad places,” such as the urban blight on the Garonne riverbanks of Bordeaux,and their relationship with sustainability and disaster risks. Increasingly,the emphasis on minimizing energy consumption and promoting recycling forces cities to reuse places of elevated risk. Only very recently in modern urban planning are polluted and risky areas frequently selected for new development projects to reclaim the vast areas of existing brownfields in the name of sustainability. Integrating disaster risk reduction into a new economic and social context has thus become an extremely important part of contemporary urban design and planning for these reclaimed(bad) areas. The research concludes that urban and territorial design should and can integrate the inevitability of risk. This is necessary for developing approaches and strategies that offer some rethinking about “wicked” problems,long-term time horizons,radical imagination,dynamic representations,and minute territorial readings in contemporary urban planning.
文摘This special issue of the International Journal of Disaster Risk Science on Disaster and Urbanism shares our empirical research and conceptual contribution to the discussion of risk,disaster,and war and conflict from the perspective of urbanism or urban studies.By contributing to the emerging study of extreme urban conditions,the special issue engages urbanism with disaster risk science,crosses geopolitical boundaries,exhibits a variety of sociocultural traditions,and unfolds several transdisciplinary intellectual debates.
