Objective: To assess differences between native Spanish and immigrant pregnant women in behaviour relating to the use of medications during pregnancy. Study design: This crosssectional study was carried out at the dep...Objective: To assess differences between native Spanish and immigrant pregnant women in behaviour relating to the use of medications during pregnancy. Study design: This crosssectional study was carried out at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of an acute-care teaching hospital in the city of Barcelona, Spain. A total of 1103 women who gave birth at the hospital during a 1- year period were enrolled in the study. Each woman was interviewed by a gynaecologist during her stay in hospital after delivery, with special reference to drug use during the pregnancy. Drug exposure was assigned to trimesters, and drugs were divided into therapeutic groups, while the women taking part were divided up by nationality, educational level, parity and age. Data were analysed using bivariate, multivariate, and cluster analyses. Results: Slightly over half (55.7% ) of the women were native to Spain and 44.3% were immigrants of other nationalities. About a quarter, or 25.4% , of pregnant patients had not taken any drugs during their pregnancies. The most frequent drugs taken by the others were vitamins, which were used mostly by Spanish women, followed by analgesics, which were mostly taken by non-Spanish western women. The largest group who had taken folic acid was made up of non-Spanish western women, while the Asiatic patients had taken this in the smallest proportion of cases. Conclusions: Spanish patients and immigrants from other western countries showed a similar behaviour in terms of drug intake during pregnancy, which was different from the behavioural patterns seen in pregnant patients from developing countries.展开更多
Background. - Lamotrigine has been suggested as possibly effective for preventing migraine aura. Objective. - To describe our experience with a series of patients with disturbing migraine aura treated with lamotrigine...Background. - Lamotrigine has been suggested as possibly effective for preventing migraine aura. Objective. - To describe our experience with a series of patients with disturbing migraine aura treated with lamotrigine. Methods. - The members of the Headache Group of the Spanish Society of Neurology were sent an ad hoc questionnaire to collect patients treated with lamotrigine due to disturbing migraine aura. The main outcome parameter (“ response” ) was a >50% reduction in the mean frequency of migraine auras at 3 to 6 months of treatment. Results. - A total of 47 patients had been treated with lamotrigine due to severe migraine aura. Three could not complete the protocol as a result of developing skin rashes. Thirty (68% ) patients responded. These were 21 females and 9 males whose ages ranged from 19 to 71 years. Eight suffered from migraine with “ prolonged” aura, 8 typical aura with migraine headache (but had frequent episodes including speech symptoms), 6 basilar- type migraine, 6 typical aura without headache, and 2 hemiplegic migraine. Fifteen had been previously treated, without response, with other preventatives. The mean monthly frequency of migraine auras in these 30 patients changed from 4.2 (range: 1 to 15) to 0.7 (range: 0 to 6). Response was considered as excellent (>75% reduction) in 21 cases (70% of responders). Auras reappeared in 2 months in 9 out of 13 patients where lamotrigine was stopped, and ceased as soon as this drug was reintroduced. Conclusions. - Lamotrigine should be considered in clinical practice for the preventive treatment of selected patients with disturbing migraine auras. Lamotrigine seems worthy of a controlled trial as prophylaxis of migraine aura.展开更多
To determine typical patterns of repeatable glaucomatous visual field progress ion. Retrospective analysis of data obtained from two prospective studies. Inclu ded were 72 eyes of 72 patients tested up to six times ov...To determine typical patterns of repeatable glaucomatous visual field progress ion. Retrospective analysis of data obtained from two prospective studies. Inclu ded were 72 eyes of 72 patients tested up to six times over 2 years, and 40 eyes of 40 patients followed annually for up to 12 years. Each patient had two abnor mal baseline visual fields, abnormal optic nerves, and serial fields. Progressio n was identified using three methods: by glaucoma change probability using total deviation (GCP-TD) and pattern deviation (GCP-PD) plots and by a clinical cri teria. Progression was categorized as deepening or expansion of an existing scot oma, or a new scotoma. The percentage of eyes repeatably progressed ranged from 17%to 27%. The most common pattern of progression was a deepening of an existi ng scotoma in the annual group, followed by expansion. With two follow-ups requ ired, percentages for deepening only were 20%(clinical classifier). A combinati on of expansion and deepening was most common for the GCP criteria: 15% (GCP-TD classifier), and 10%(GCP-PD classifier) for the annual group. For t he semiannual group, deepening was most common with the clinical criteria (11%o f eyes), and deepening with expansion was most common by GCP criteria (14%, GCP -TD and GCP-PD). No eyes showed repeatable new scotomas. Glaucomatous visual f ields progress in the area of the visual field where baseline testing showed an existing scotoma. Follow-up testing might be improved by concentrating on alrea dy defective locations and using sparser test patterns or screening algorithms i n normal areas of the visual field.展开更多
文摘Objective: To assess differences between native Spanish and immigrant pregnant women in behaviour relating to the use of medications during pregnancy. Study design: This crosssectional study was carried out at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of an acute-care teaching hospital in the city of Barcelona, Spain. A total of 1103 women who gave birth at the hospital during a 1- year period were enrolled in the study. Each woman was interviewed by a gynaecologist during her stay in hospital after delivery, with special reference to drug use during the pregnancy. Drug exposure was assigned to trimesters, and drugs were divided into therapeutic groups, while the women taking part were divided up by nationality, educational level, parity and age. Data were analysed using bivariate, multivariate, and cluster analyses. Results: Slightly over half (55.7% ) of the women were native to Spain and 44.3% were immigrants of other nationalities. About a quarter, or 25.4% , of pregnant patients had not taken any drugs during their pregnancies. The most frequent drugs taken by the others were vitamins, which were used mostly by Spanish women, followed by analgesics, which were mostly taken by non-Spanish western women. The largest group who had taken folic acid was made up of non-Spanish western women, while the Asiatic patients had taken this in the smallest proportion of cases. Conclusions: Spanish patients and immigrants from other western countries showed a similar behaviour in terms of drug intake during pregnancy, which was different from the behavioural patterns seen in pregnant patients from developing countries.
文摘Background. - Lamotrigine has been suggested as possibly effective for preventing migraine aura. Objective. - To describe our experience with a series of patients with disturbing migraine aura treated with lamotrigine. Methods. - The members of the Headache Group of the Spanish Society of Neurology were sent an ad hoc questionnaire to collect patients treated with lamotrigine due to disturbing migraine aura. The main outcome parameter (“ response” ) was a >50% reduction in the mean frequency of migraine auras at 3 to 6 months of treatment. Results. - A total of 47 patients had been treated with lamotrigine due to severe migraine aura. Three could not complete the protocol as a result of developing skin rashes. Thirty (68% ) patients responded. These were 21 females and 9 males whose ages ranged from 19 to 71 years. Eight suffered from migraine with “ prolonged” aura, 8 typical aura with migraine headache (but had frequent episodes including speech symptoms), 6 basilar- type migraine, 6 typical aura without headache, and 2 hemiplegic migraine. Fifteen had been previously treated, without response, with other preventatives. The mean monthly frequency of migraine auras in these 30 patients changed from 4.2 (range: 1 to 15) to 0.7 (range: 0 to 6). Response was considered as excellent (>75% reduction) in 21 cases (70% of responders). Auras reappeared in 2 months in 9 out of 13 patients where lamotrigine was stopped, and ceased as soon as this drug was reintroduced. Conclusions. - Lamotrigine should be considered in clinical practice for the preventive treatment of selected patients with disturbing migraine auras. Lamotrigine seems worthy of a controlled trial as prophylaxis of migraine aura.
文摘To determine typical patterns of repeatable glaucomatous visual field progress ion. Retrospective analysis of data obtained from two prospective studies. Inclu ded were 72 eyes of 72 patients tested up to six times over 2 years, and 40 eyes of 40 patients followed annually for up to 12 years. Each patient had two abnor mal baseline visual fields, abnormal optic nerves, and serial fields. Progressio n was identified using three methods: by glaucoma change probability using total deviation (GCP-TD) and pattern deviation (GCP-PD) plots and by a clinical cri teria. Progression was categorized as deepening or expansion of an existing scot oma, or a new scotoma. The percentage of eyes repeatably progressed ranged from 17%to 27%. The most common pattern of progression was a deepening of an existi ng scotoma in the annual group, followed by expansion. With two follow-ups requ ired, percentages for deepening only were 20%(clinical classifier). A combinati on of expansion and deepening was most common for the GCP criteria: 15% (GCP-TD classifier), and 10%(GCP-PD classifier) for the annual group. For t he semiannual group, deepening was most common with the clinical criteria (11%o f eyes), and deepening with expansion was most common by GCP criteria (14%, GCP -TD and GCP-PD). No eyes showed repeatable new scotomas. Glaucomatous visual f ields progress in the area of the visual field where baseline testing showed an existing scotoma. Follow-up testing might be improved by concentrating on alrea dy defective locations and using sparser test patterns or screening algorithms i n normal areas of the visual field.
