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E-Tendering Process Within Construction:A UK Perspective
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作者 Geoff Tindsley paul stephenson 《Tsinghua Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第S1期273-278,共6页
E-tendering can be defined as the issue and receipt of tender documentation through electronic means which facilitates the procurement of construction work and the award of contracts. The current paper-based method of... E-tendering can be defined as the issue and receipt of tender documentation through electronic means which facilitates the procurement of construction work and the award of contracts. The current paper-based method of tendering has been commonplace within the industry for a significant number of years, but with recent technological advancements, this traditional process is rapidly becoming outdated. Several major projects within the UK are now being procured through the e-tendering process which includes the multibillion pound development for the Olympic Games in London 2012. However, while these prestigious projects are embracing e-tendering technology, it is not certain as to what extent e-tendering is used across the construction sector generally. This research is primarily concerned with establishing the current status, practicalities and resource effectiveness of e-tendering within UK construction. Results are provided from an in-dustry survey which includes both quantitative and qualitative data. A case study implementation is also in-cluded which assesses the utilisation of e-tendering software in practice. The research findings indicated that e-tendering can provide substantial resource savings to a major part of the supply chain, with the key benefits being enhanced communication, time savings and reduced costs. However, a considerable proportion of the industry remains uncertain about embracing new technologies, with reluctance to change being perceived as the greatest barrier. The findings suggest that many professionals within the UK construction industry recognise a requirement for increased implementation of e-tendering, but feel that training, education and support from senior management are essential requirements for e-tendering to become widely accepted in the future. 展开更多
关键词 CONSTRUCTION project data electronic communications E-TENDERING
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必须及时发现并诊治丙型肝炎病毒携带者以避免危机
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作者 paul stephenson 夏志伟 《英国医学杂志中文版》 2004年第5期271-271,共1页
来自爱丁堡皇家医学会的最新指南提出,应进一步加大投入力度,提高丙型肝炎的检出率和治疗率。避免肝病对公共健康的威胁已是刻不容缓。
关键词 携带者 丙型肝炎病毒 新指南 医学会 治疗率 肝病 检出率 危机 爱丁堡 威胁
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