Commercially Important Marine Mollusks for Human Consumption in Acapulco,Mexico

Acapulco, offers for international tourism a variety of mollusks that are delightful to the palate and a source of economic revenue for its residents;however there are no studies on the species consumed. Furthermore, data from the State agencies responsible for registration of these products are unclear. This work is aimed to develop an inventory of Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Polyplacophora marketed as food, to gain knowledge on the species native to Acapulco and the introduced ones. The places that sell shellfish were interviewed from 2008 to 2011 in order to determine the geographical origin of their products being offered. We identified 42 species: 15 species of gastropods are captured locally and three are introduced. On Bivalvia, seven species are caught locally and 16 are introduced. There are Bivalvia species caught locally;however, their capture is now unaffordable. It is likely that this situation is due to overfishing and/or the transmission of diseases or parasites caused by the introduction of foreign living organisms to Acapulco. Within the list of species caught locally, there are some listed as of subject protection;all of these organisms are exploited in Acapulco without control. The wealth of marine mollusks for human consumption in Acapulco is very high. The capture does not satisfy local market demand and the amount of introduced species is very high. It is necessary to make a diagnostic analysis of mollusk fishing industry in the state of Guerrero, also implement a management program, including the sanitary measures and control of introduced species, as they arrive alive and stay alive in the waters of Acapulco. A significant number of native species that have aquaculture potential should be studied for commercial culture practice as well as to conduct studies on their biology on those species that are considered over-exploited and allow recovery of the species in its habitat.

Species richness and community structure of class Polyplacophora at the intertidal rocky shore on the marine priority region no.33,Mexico

Marine Priority Region No. 33 (MPR 33) lies in the State of Guerrero, where the National Commission for Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity has declared a lack of information on marine species, Class POLYPLACOPHORA among others. This program was carried out on the rocky intertidal zone of MPR 33 with the objectives to: 1) determine species richness, 2) community composition based on families represented, 3) estimate the density, 4) index of diversity, 5) analyze body proportions and 6) geographic distribution of species. Three surveys on five sites were conducted during 2009 and 2012, using one mt2 quadrant for systematic sampling procedure;collecting all POLYPLACOPHORA specimens found within the quadrants, then proceeding with their preservation. 441 organisms were analyzed where 17 species were identified, on nine genera within six families. Fifteen new species were recorded for the MPR 33. Family ISCHNOCHITONIDAE Dall, 1889 was the best represented in species richness and CHITONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 in abundance. Density of 8.82 organisms/m2, the H′ index was 2.38 bits/individuals and J′ = 0.57. The species Chiton (Chiton) articulatus Sowerby, 1832 showed the highest density, greater size and was found in all five collection sites. Three species, (Chiton (C.) articulatus, Ischnochiton (Ischnochiton) muscarius (Reeve, 1847) and Chiton (Chiton) alboli-neatus Broderip & Sowerby, 1829), were considered wide. Intertidal species richness was associated with habitat stability and wave intensity;the more unstable sites had greater richness while most stable sites lower. Species inventory and understanding the communities’ interactions of the marine fauna of the State of Guerrero are important;therefore these efforts must be continued.

Socioeconomic Aspects for Coastal Mollusk Commercial Fishing in Costa Chica,Guerrero,Mexico

An important part of the fishing activity in Mexico is carried out in the coastal strip and has a strong social, economic and ecological importance. In the state of Guerrero, mollusks fishing is coastal and craftwork activity focused on a small number of species and without information on biology and reproductive or ecological aspects for most species caught. This research was carried out in the Costa Chica region, Guerrero, Mexico and the aims were: 1) To analyze the socioeconomic features of cooperative societies of fishing production;and 2) To know the diversity of mollusks caught by coastal fishing and the species that have the greatest importance in fishing. From February to April 2013-2015, seven fish coop units, four piers and places where seafood is sold were visited. For the socio-economic analysis and the determination of the species that have more importance in the coastal fishing, a total of 67 surveys were applied. In order to determine the cast of species, the specimens captured by the fishermen were used, which were identified and counted. A total of 67 interviews were analyzed and an average of $1806.00 was estimated as weekly economic income just as a product of fishing, it was also estimated that on average the fishermen work 4.3 days a week. Fisheries cooperatives market most of their produce directly to restaurateurs and locals on the piers. Replacement of older adults by young fishermen from the same region was observed, most are adults between 22 and 39 years old. 25 species of mollusks of economic importance were registered for the coastal fishermen of the Costa Chica. Six species were identified as the main target for catching fishermen. The fishing of mollusks in Costa Chica is not subject to any type of control, which has led to overfishing reflected in the decline sizes and banks in populations of commercial importance.