Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF),a multifunctional cytokine,is secreted by various cells and participates in inflammatory reactions,including innate and adaptive immunity.There are some evidences that MIF i...Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF),a multifunctional cytokine,is secreted by various cells and participates in inflammatory reactions,including innate and adaptive immunity.There are some evidences that MIF is involved in many vitreoretinal diseases.For example,MIF can exacerbate many types of uveitis;measurements of MIF levels can be used to monitor the effectiveness of uveitis treatment.MIF also alleviates trauma-induced and glaucoma-induced optic nerve damage.Furthermore,MIF is critical for retinal/choroidal neovascularization,especially complex neovascularization.MIF exacerbates retinal degeneration;thus,anti-MIF therapy may help to mitigate retinal degeneration.MIF protects uveal melanoma from attacks by natural killer cells.The mechanism underlying the effects of MIF in these diseases has been demonstrated:it binds to cluster of differentiation 74,inhibits the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway,and triggers mitogen-activated protein kinases,extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2,and the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt pathway.MIF also upregulates Toll-like receptor 4 and activates the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway.This review focuses on the structure and function of MIF and its receptors,including the effects of MIF on uveal inflammation,retinal degeneration,optic neuropathy,retinal/choroidal neovascularization,and uveal melanoma.展开更多
Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to syn...Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to synthesize the high-quality holey platinum nanotubes(Pt-H-NTs)using nanorods-like Pt^(Ⅱ)-phenanthroline(PT)coordination compound as self-template and self-reduction precursor.Then,an up-bottom strategy is used to further synthesize polyallylamine(PA)modified Pt-H-NTs(Pt-HNTs@PA).PA modification sharply promotes the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the formic acid electrooxidation reaction(FAEOR)by the direct reaction pathway.Meanwhile,PA modification also elevates the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by the proton enrichment at electrolyte/electrode interface.Benefiting from the high catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs@PA for both FAEOR and HER,a two-electrode FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system is fabricated by using Pt-H-NTs@PA as bifunctio nal electrocatalysts.Such FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system only requires the operational voltage of 0.47 V to achieve the high-purity hydrogen production,showing an energy-saving hydrogen production strategy compared to traditional water electrolysis system.展开更多
A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and...A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.展开更多
BACKGROUND The co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci(C.psittaci)and Tropheryma whipplei(T.whipplei)is unusual,and the detection of pathogenic microorganisms is particularly important for patients with severe diseases or ...BACKGROUND The co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci(C.psittaci)and Tropheryma whipplei(T.whipplei)is unusual,and the detection of pathogenic microorganisms is particularly important for patients with severe diseases or poor experience in treatment.Early identification of pathogens can significantly improve the prognosis of the patients.Targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)is currently widely used in clinical practice for various infectious diseases,including respiratory infections,to achieve early,accurate,and rapid microbial diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 40-year-old female patient with a history of contact with parrots who was diagnosed with C.psittaci and T.whipplei infection through bronchial lavage fluid targeted next generation sequencing.After moxifloxacin treatment,the patient's symptoms improved significantly,and the imaging changes were obviously resolved.CONCLUSION Coinfection with C.psittaci and T.whipplei is not common.In this case,timely and accurate identification of both pathogens was achieved using tNGS.Moreover,the efficacy of monotherapy with moxifloxacin was confirmed.展开更多
目的探讨罗哌卡因腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者镇痛效果及应激反应的影响。方法选取2019年10月-2020年5月于该院行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为A组(n=45)和B组(n=45)。A组在术...目的探讨罗哌卡因腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者镇痛效果及应激反应的影响。方法选取2019年10月-2020年5月于该院行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为A组(n=45)和B组(n=45)。A组在术毕实施静脉镇痛,B组在麻醉诱导时采用罗哌卡因TAP阻滞。对比两组麻醉效果、麻醉药物用量、不良反应发生情况、围术期各时点心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、应激反应指标[血糖(Glu)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(Cor)]水平以及术后各时点疼痛程度。结果 B组麻醉唤醒时间、恢复自主呼吸时间和拔管时间均明显短于A组(P<0.01)。A组和B组舒芬太尼用量分别为(31.26±6.35)和(21.18±2.54)μg,七氟醚用量分别为(35.63±7.65)和(25.33±5.06) mL,两组麻醉药物用量比较,差异有统计学意义(t=9.89和7.53,均P<0.01)。B组切皮前(T_(1))、切皮后5 min (T_(2))、切皮后10 min (T_(3)) HR和MAP均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。B组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)和T_(4)时点血浆Glu、NE和Cor水平均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。B组术后2、4和12 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS)均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。A组和B组术后不良反应发生率(33.33%和13.33%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.03,P=0.025)。结论罗哌卡因TAP阻滞能够减轻腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术中应激反应,提高麻醉效果,并降低术后不良反应发生率。展开更多
Aim： To promote the provision of reproductive health services to young people by exploring the attitudes and perceptions of university students in Shanghai, China, toward reproductive health. Methods： From July 2004...Aim： To promote the provision of reproductive health services to young people by exploring the attitudes and perceptions of university students in Shanghai, China, toward reproductive health. Methods： From July 2004 to May 2006, 5 243 students from 14 universities in Shanghai took part in our survey. Topics covered the demands of reproductive health-care services, attitudes towards and experience with sex, exposure to pornographic material, and knowledge on sexual health and sexually transmitted infections （STIs）/AIDS. Results： Of the 5 067 students who provided valid answer sheets, 50.05% were female and 49.95% were male, 14.86% were medical students, and 85.14% had non-medical backgrounds. A total of 38.4% of respondents had received reproductive health education previously. The majority of students supported school-based reproductive health education, and also acquired information about sex predominantly from books, schoolmates, and the Internet. Premarital sexual behavior was opposed by 17.7% of survey participants, and 37.5% could identify all the three types of STIs listed in the questionnaire. Although 83.7% knew how HIV is transmitted, only 55.7% knew when to use a condom and 57.8% knew that the use of condoms could reduce the risk of HIV infection. Conclusion： The reproductive health service is lagging behind current attitudes and demands of university students. Although students＇ attitudes towards sexual matters are liberal, their knowledge about reproductive health and STIs/AIDS is still limited. It is therefore necessary to provide effective and confidential reproductive health services to young people.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2021JZ-60(to HZ)。
文摘Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF),a multifunctional cytokine,is secreted by various cells and participates in inflammatory reactions,including innate and adaptive immunity.There are some evidences that MIF is involved in many vitreoretinal diseases.For example,MIF can exacerbate many types of uveitis;measurements of MIF levels can be used to monitor the effectiveness of uveitis treatment.MIF also alleviates trauma-induced and glaucoma-induced optic nerve damage.Furthermore,MIF is critical for retinal/choroidal neovascularization,especially complex neovascularization.MIF exacerbates retinal degeneration;thus,anti-MIF therapy may help to mitigate retinal degeneration.MIF protects uveal melanoma from attacks by natural killer cells.The mechanism underlying the effects of MIF in these diseases has been demonstrated:it binds to cluster of differentiation 74,inhibits the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway,and triggers mitogen-activated protein kinases,extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2,and the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt pathway.MIF also upregulates Toll-like receptor 4 and activates the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway.This review focuses on the structure and function of MIF and its receptors,including the effects of MIF on uveal inflammation,retinal degeneration,optic neuropathy,retinal/choroidal neovascularization,and uveal melanoma.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272103)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2020JZ-23,2019KJXX-021,and 2020JM269)+7 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2020SF-355)the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(2022TD-35)the University Engineering Research Center of Crystal Growth and Applications of Guangdong Province(2020GCZX005)the Special Innovative Projects of Guangdong Province(2020KTSCX125)the Shenzhen Stable Supporting Program(SZWD2021015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK202202001)the Open Foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials at Guangxi University(2021GXYSOF02)the 111 Project(B14041)。
文摘Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to synthesize the high-quality holey platinum nanotubes(Pt-H-NTs)using nanorods-like Pt^(Ⅱ)-phenanthroline(PT)coordination compound as self-template and self-reduction precursor.Then,an up-bottom strategy is used to further synthesize polyallylamine(PA)modified Pt-H-NTs(Pt-HNTs@PA).PA modification sharply promotes the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the formic acid electrooxidation reaction(FAEOR)by the direct reaction pathway.Meanwhile,PA modification also elevates the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by the proton enrichment at electrolyte/electrode interface.Benefiting from the high catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs@PA for both FAEOR and HER,a two-electrode FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system is fabricated by using Pt-H-NTs@PA as bifunctio nal electrocatalysts.Such FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system only requires the operational voltage of 0.47 V to achieve the high-purity hydrogen production,showing an energy-saving hydrogen production strategy compared to traditional water electrolysis system.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant 11872078,and Beijing Natural Science Foundation No.3222005.
文摘A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.
文摘BACKGROUND The co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci(C.psittaci)and Tropheryma whipplei(T.whipplei)is unusual,and the detection of pathogenic microorganisms is particularly important for patients with severe diseases or poor experience in treatment.Early identification of pathogens can significantly improve the prognosis of the patients.Targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)is currently widely used in clinical practice for various infectious diseases,including respiratory infections,to achieve early,accurate,and rapid microbial diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 40-year-old female patient with a history of contact with parrots who was diagnosed with C.psittaci and T.whipplei infection through bronchial lavage fluid targeted next generation sequencing.After moxifloxacin treatment,the patient's symptoms improved significantly,and the imaging changes were obviously resolved.CONCLUSION Coinfection with C.psittaci and T.whipplei is not common.In this case,timely and accurate identification of both pathogens was achieved using tNGS.Moreover,the efficacy of monotherapy with moxifloxacin was confirmed.
文摘目的探讨罗哌卡因腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者镇痛效果及应激反应的影响。方法选取2019年10月-2020年5月于该院行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为A组(n=45)和B组(n=45)。A组在术毕实施静脉镇痛,B组在麻醉诱导时采用罗哌卡因TAP阻滞。对比两组麻醉效果、麻醉药物用量、不良反应发生情况、围术期各时点心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、应激反应指标[血糖(Glu)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(Cor)]水平以及术后各时点疼痛程度。结果 B组麻醉唤醒时间、恢复自主呼吸时间和拔管时间均明显短于A组(P<0.01)。A组和B组舒芬太尼用量分别为(31.26±6.35)和(21.18±2.54)μg,七氟醚用量分别为(35.63±7.65)和(25.33±5.06) mL,两组麻醉药物用量比较,差异有统计学意义(t=9.89和7.53,均P<0.01)。B组切皮前(T_(1))、切皮后5 min (T_(2))、切皮后10 min (T_(3)) HR和MAP均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。B组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)和T_(4)时点血浆Glu、NE和Cor水平均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。B组术后2、4和12 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS)均明显低于A组(P<0.01)。A组和B组术后不良反应发生率(33.33%和13.33%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.03,P=0.025)。结论罗哌卡因TAP阻滞能够减轻腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术中应激反应,提高麻醉效果,并降低术后不良反应发生率。
文摘Aim： To promote the provision of reproductive health services to young people by exploring the attitudes and perceptions of university students in Shanghai, China, toward reproductive health. Methods： From July 2004 to May 2006, 5 243 students from 14 universities in Shanghai took part in our survey. Topics covered the demands of reproductive health-care services, attitudes towards and experience with sex, exposure to pornographic material, and knowledge on sexual health and sexually transmitted infections （STIs）/AIDS. Results： Of the 5 067 students who provided valid answer sheets, 50.05% were female and 49.95% were male, 14.86% were medical students, and 85.14% had non-medical backgrounds. A total of 38.4% of respondents had received reproductive health education previously. The majority of students supported school-based reproductive health education, and also acquired information about sex predominantly from books, schoolmates, and the Internet. Premarital sexual behavior was opposed by 17.7% of survey participants, and 37.5% could identify all the three types of STIs listed in the questionnaire. Although 83.7% knew how HIV is transmitted, only 55.7% knew when to use a condom and 57.8% knew that the use of condoms could reduce the risk of HIV infection. Conclusion： The reproductive health service is lagging behind current attitudes and demands of university students. Although students＇ attitudes towards sexual matters are liberal, their knowledge about reproductive health and STIs/AIDS is still limited. It is therefore necessary to provide effective and confidential reproductive health services to young people.
