Features and origins of massive dolomite of Lower Ordovician Penglaiba Formation in the northwest Tarim Basin:Evidence from petrography and geochemistry

An integrated petrographical and geochemical study of the massive dolomite of the lower Ordovician Penglaiba Formation of the Tarim Basin,outcropping at Yonganba recognized three dolomite types:very finely to finely crystalline nonplanar-a to planar-s dolomite(D1);medium crystalline planar-s to planar-e dolomite(D2);and coarse crystalline nonplanar-a dolomite(D3).All have been affected by burial.D1 and D2 dolomites developed initially before or during shallow burial and later recrystallized,whereas D3 dolomite replaced the initial limestone entirely during burial.All three dolomites have similar geochemical features.The D2 dolomite tends to have more inter-crystalline pores(inherited from primary pores)and higher porosity due to its outstanding compaction resistance during shallow burial;whereas D3 dolomite does not retain appreciable primary pores due to strong cementation and pressure dissolution before dolomitization.This study provides a useful model for understanding the origin and porosity development of burial dolomite,in particular Paleozoic dolomite.

布南色林对精神分裂症患者泌乳素水平及认知功能的影响

目的 探讨布南色林对精神分裂症患者泌乳素水平及认知功能的影响。方法 将60例伴高泌乳素血症的精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组(换用布南色林治疗4周)和对照组(维持原治疗方案),各30例。比较两组患者在入组时(基线期)及治疗后的泌乳素水平及蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、锥体外系副反应量表(RSESE)、亚利桑那性体验量表(ASEX)评分。结果 治疗后,研究组患者PANSS总分及各因子分、泌乳素水平均较基线期下降(P<0.05或0.01),MoCA总分及视空间与执行、延迟回忆、定向等因子分均较基线期升高(P<0.05或0.01);对照组患者PANSS总分及各因子分均较基线期下降(P<0.05或0.01)。经校正的治疗后两组各指标比较,研究组患者PANSS总分及阴性症状因子分、泌乳素、ASEX评分均低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01),MoCA总分及视空间与执行、注意、延迟回忆、定向因子分均高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论 将泌乳素高风险的抗精神病药物换为布南色林后,伴高泌乳素血症的精神分裂症患者泌乳素水平下降,认知损害程度、精神症状和性功能均有改善,锥体外系反应无显著变化。

10万t/a磷石膏浮选脱硅生产技术

磷石膏综合利用及无害化堆存已成为湿法磷酸加工产业可持续发展的重要因素。如何实现副产磷石膏多元化再利用和安全性处置将决定湿法磷酸生产企业未来的命运。根据云南湿法磷酸加工产业的实际生产情况,采用浮选工艺对磷石膏进行浮选脱硅处理,使其达到并满足建筑材料生产的要求,为磷石膏精制处理,实现再利用奠定良好基础。

Analysis and measurement of vibration characteristics of a hollowing defect based on a laser self-mixing interferometer

To solve the problems with the existing methods for detecting hollowing defects,such as inconvenient operation,low efficiency and intense subjectivity,and to improve the efficiency of the acoustic-optic fusion method for detecting hollowing defects,in this paper the vibration characteristics of hollowing defects are measured and analyzed using a laser self-mixing interferometer.The ceramic tile above the hollowing defect is equivalent to a thin circular plate with peripheral fixed support.According to Kirchhoff's classical circular plate theory and the circular plate displacement function based on the improved Fourier series,a theoretical model of a circular plate is established.By solving the characteristic equation,the theoretical modal parameters of hollowing defects are obtained.Subsequently,an experimental system based on a laser self-mixing interferometer is built,and modal experiments are carried out using the hammering method.The experimental modal parameters are obtained with a professional modal analysis software.Through comparative analysis between the theoretical and experimental modal parameters,the error of the natural frequency results is found to be tiny and the mode shapes are consistent.These results provide theoretical guidance for a practical non-destructive acoustic-optic fusion method for detecting hollowing defects.

Current controversies in glia-to-neuron conversion therapy in neurodegenerative diseases

Loss of neurons and disruption of neural circuits are associated with many neurological diseases,including neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders.The most prevalent pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases is the aggregate loss of certain neuronal populations.For example,the loss of dopamine(DA)neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta has been defined as a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease(PD;Kamath et al.,2022).

Ancient DNA unravels species identification from Laosicheng site,Hunan Province,China,and provides insights into maternal genetic history of East Asian leopards

DEAR EDITOR,The Laosicheng site in Yongshun County,Hunan Province,China,plays an important role in elucidating the animal population composition of the region prior to the middle Qing Dynasty(approximately 300 years ago).This site has yielded a substantial number of animal bones,11960 of which have been identified to the species level,serving as direct evidence of ancient animal populations(Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,2018).

Research on Quantitative Identification of Three-Dimensional Connectivity of Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs

The fractured-vuggy carbonate oil resources in the western basin of China are extremely rich.The connectivity of carbonate reservoirs is complex,and there is still a lack of clear understanding of the development and topological structure of the pore space in fractured-vuggy reservoirs.Thus,effective prediction of fractured-vuggy reservoirs is difficult.In view of this,this work employs adaptive point cloud technology to reproduce the shape and capture the characteristics of a fractured-vuggy reservoir.To identify the complex connectivity among pores,fractures,and vugs,a simplified one-dimensional connectivity model is established by using the meshless connection element method(CEM).Considering that different types of connection units have different flow characteristics,a sequential coupling calculation method that can efficiently calculate reservoir pressure and saturation is developed.By automatic history matching,the dynamic production data is fitted in real-time,and the characteristic parameters of the connection unit are inverted.Simulation results show that the three-dimensional connectivity model of the fractured-vuggy reservoir built in this work is as close as 90%of the fine grid model,while the dynamic simulation efficiency is much higher with good accuracy.

Correlation of preoperative inflammatory factors and emotional disorders with postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral trauma

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)imposes a substantial societal and familial burden due to its high disability and fatality rates,rendering it a serious public health problem.Some patients with TBI have poor treatment outcomes and are prone to postoperative delirium(POD),which affects their quality of life.Anxiety has been linked to increased POD incidence in some studies,while others have found no correlation.AIM To investigate the correlation of POD risk factors,preoperative inflammatory factors,and mood disorders in patients with TBI.METHODS We retrospectively collected data on the treatment of 80 patients with TBI from November 2021 to September 2023.Patients were grouped as POD and non-POD,according to their POD status,and the general data of the two groups were compared.Inflammatory factor levels were detected preoperatively,and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were used to investigate the risk factors associated with POD in these patients.Logistic regression was used to identify the independent risk factors.RESULTS Twenty-one patients(26.25%)developed POD,including 7,10,and 4 cases of the excitatory,inhibitory,and mixed types,respectively.There were 59 cases(73.75%)in the non-POD group.Compared with the non-POD group,the POD group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)scores before admission,unilateral mydriasis,preoperative hemorrhagic shock,intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH),and postoperative hyperglycemic hyperosmolar disease(P<0.05).In the POD group,interleukin-6(IL-6),human tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),myeloperoxidase levels,HAMA,and HAMD scores were higher than those in the non-POD group(all P<0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that GCS score at admission,IVH,IL-6,TNF-α,HAMA,and HAMD were independent risk factors for POD in patients with TBI(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Low GCS score at admission,IVH,elevated IL-6 and TNF-α,other inflammatory indicators,anxiety,and depression,can increase the risk of POD in patients with TBI after surgery.

角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗双侧翼状胬肉的疗效

目的:观察自体角膜缘干细胞移植术(LCAT)治疗双侧翼状胬肉的临床效果。方法:前瞻性病例研究。收集2014-01/2015-07在解放军第四七四医院诊断为双侧翼状胬肉患者46例54眼,其中双眼双侧胬肉8例16眼,一眼双侧胬肉一眼鼻侧胬肉11例11眼(仅纳入双侧胬肉眼作为研究对象),单眼双侧胬肉27例27眼,均采用鼻侧翼状胬肉切除联合同眼上方LCAT,而颞侧翼状胬肉切除联合对侧眼下方LCAT。术后1、7d,1mo,1a复查,复查时完成视力、裂隙灯等检查,观察术后并发症及翼状胬肉复发情况。结果:完成1a随访患者共44例52眼,失访2例2眼。术后1a复发3例3眼(6%),鼻侧翼状胬肉复发2眼,颞侧翼状胬肉复发1眼。未见其它术后并发症。结论:鼻侧翼状胬肉切除联合同眼上方LCAT,同时颞侧翼状胬肉切除联合对侧眼下方LCAT治疗双侧翼状胬肉安全有效,复发率低。

基于警报算法优化提升ICU警报效果的研究

目的 分析警报传统算法与优化算法在降低重症监护病房(Intensive Care Unit,ICU)警报的数量与提升报警质量方面的效果。方法 收集中南大学湘雅医院重症医学科2021年5月29日至9月2日的所有临床监护数据。传统算法通过单个参数的阈值进行计算,当监护仪收集的数据超出设定范围则会发出警报。优化算法包括多导心电分析、多参融合分析、智能阈值提醒和独创报警(报警延迟与报警不应期技术)策略。将原始监护数据分别以传统算法产生警报和算法优化后产生的警报数量进行对比,同时对比优化算法后不同床位以及不同时间段产生警报的数量。结果 优化算法后警报总数量为216337例,传统算法警报总数量为331550例,总体优化率为34.75%。优化算法后各床单元警报分布较传统算法更为均匀(P<0.05)。夜间时段报警优化率显著高于白天时段(36.62%±1.55%vs. 33.59%±2.07%,P<0.05)。结论 ICU警报数量巨大,优化警报算法后可以降低ICU警报数量,使各床单元警报分布更加均匀,且夜间警报优化率高于白天。

多聚磷酸改性沥青混合料雨水浸出性能研究

针对多聚磷酸改性沥青在实际应用中可能存在浸出液影响环境的问题,考察了雨水浸泡后基质沥青混合料与多聚磷酸改性沥青混合料浸出液pH、钙含量、磷含量以及重金属含量的变化情况。结果表明:多聚磷酸不会导致沥青混合料浸出液pH、钙含量以及重金属含量发生明显变化;浸出液中五氧化二磷质量浓度会稍有增加,但浸出量总量较低,仅为总磷质量浓度的2%~3%。因此,多聚磷酸改性沥青对道路周边的环境污染较小。

国外家庭参与式综合管理在NICU中的应用现状及对我国的启示

文章指出了家庭参与式综合管理的理论基础,综述了家庭参与式综合管理小组成员组成、物理环境、健康教育、患儿父母参与护理、同伴支持及实施后的效果,提出了展望,即开展家长参与式综合管理护士培训与教育、配备家庭参与式综合管理硬件设施、加大人力资源投入、延长我国NICU家长的探视时间、加强同伴教育的实施,旨在为家庭参与式综合管理在新生儿的应用提供参考,降低患儿母亲分离性焦虑,促进患儿生长发育。

联产乙烷的天然气提氦工艺研究

为了解决单一的天然气深冷分离提氦工艺中设备能耗大、投资大、效率低的问题,将天然气深冷分离提氦工艺与膜分离提氦工艺结合以提高氦体积分数与回收率,同时结合天然气乙烷回收工艺实现冷能的最大化利用,建立了联产乙烷的天然气深冷-膜分离提氦工艺。利用HYSYS软件对联产乙烷的天然气深冷-膜分离提氦工艺与单一的天然气乙烷回收工艺和深冷-膜分离提氦工艺进行流程模拟。模拟结果表明,4种典型乙烷回收工艺中气体过冷工艺的乙烷回收率最高,可达90.13%;将天然气深冷分离提氦工艺与膜分离提氦工艺结合后氦体积分数由66.77%提高到了99.6%;联产乙烷的天然气深冷-膜分离提氦工艺可以有效地集成回收和利用冷量,相较天然气深冷-膜分离提氦工艺+部分干气循环工艺,总压缩能耗低23.10%,单位综合能耗低20.46%。

俯卧位通气患者压力性损伤预防的最佳证据总结

目的总结国内外预防俯卧位通气患者压力性损伤的相关证据。方法系统检索UpToDate、英国国家健康和保健医学研究所、BMJ最佳临床实践、美国伤口造口失禁护理学会、Cochrane Library、PubMed、中国知网等数据库的相关指南、系统评价、专家共识和证据总结,采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心的文献评价标准和证据分级系统,对不同类型研究分别进行文献质量评价及证据级别评定。结果本研究共纳入10篇文献,其中指南5篇、系统评价2篇、专家共识1篇、证据总结2篇。最佳证据包括风险评估、皮肤和组织评估、体位变换、皮肤保护、医疗器械相关性压力性损伤的预防、监管与培训6个方面,共30条。结论医务人员应结合临床情境按照相关级别的循证医学证据,选择有针对性的最佳证据,规范俯卧位通气患者的管理,减少相关压力性损伤的发生,提高护理质量。

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protects against acrylamide-induced neuronal and synaptic injury via the TrkB-MAPK-Erk1/2 pathway

Acrylamide has been shown to be neurotoxic.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)can alleviate acrylamide-induced synaptic injury;however,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this study,dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-induced mature human neuroblastoma(NB-1)cells were exposed with 0–100μg/mL acrylamide for 24–72 hours.Acrylamide decreased cell viability and destroyed synapses.Exposure of co-cultured NB-1 cells and Schwann cells to 0–100μg/mL acrylamide for 48 hours resulted in upregulated expression of synapsin I and BDNF,suggesting that Schwann cells can activate self-protection of neurons.Under co-culture conditions,activation of the downstream TrkB-MAPK-Erk1/2 pathway strengthened the protective effect.Exogenous BDNF can increase expression of TrkB,Erk1/2,and synapsin I,while exogenous BDNF or the TrkB inhibitor K252a could inhibit these changes.Taken together,Schwann cells may act through the BDNF-TrkB-MAPK-Erk1/2 signaling pathway,indicating that BDNF plays an important role in this process.Therefore,exogenous BDNF may be an effective treatment strategy for acrylamide-induced nerve injury.This study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee of the National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,a division of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(approval No.EAWE-2017-008)on May 29,2017.

Effect of TiB2 content on microstructure and properties of in situ Ti–TiB composites

This study determined the optimal concentration of titanium diboride (TiB2) particles for the development of in situ titanium– titanium boride (Ti–TiB) metal matrix composites (MMCs) prepared by a conventional powder metallurgy route to be used for industrial applications. The effect of concentration of TiB2 particles was studied by reinforcing TiB2 powder in different mass fractions (2wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, and 20wt%) into pure Ti powder during the fabrication process. The MMCs were sintered at high temperatures under vacuum. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results revealed the formation of needle-shaped TiB whiskers, indicating that in situ reaction occurred during vacuum sintering of the powder compacts. All the composite samples had a high sintered density, and the hardness of the composites increased with an increase in the mass fraction of reinforcement. Mechanical and tribological properties such as flexural strength, impact, and wear properties were determined and found to be dependent on the mass fraction of the reinforcement. However, the mechanism for the in situ reaction needs further investigation by high-energy in situ X-ray diffraction techniques.

Effect of duplex aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of near-βtitanium alloy processed by isothermal multidirectional forging

The effects of sub-transus(α+β)annealing treatment(ST),followed by single aging(SA)or duplex aging(DA)on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of near-βTi-4Al-1Sn-2Zr-5Mo-8V-2.5Cr(mass fraction,%)alloy were investigated using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that the finer secondaryαphase precipitates in the alloy after DA than SA(e.g.,149 nm for SA and 69 nm for DA,both after ST at 720℃).The main reason is that the pre-aging step(300℃)in the DA process leads to the formation of intermediateωphase nanoparticles,which assist in the nucleation of the acicular secondaryαphase precipitates.In addition,the strength of the alloy after DA is higher than that of SA at the specific ST temperature.A good combination is achieved in the alloy subjected to ST at 750℃,followed by DA(UTS:1450 MPa,EL:3.87%),which is due to the precipitation of nanoscale secondaryαphase by DA.In conclusion,DA is a feasible process for this new near-βtitanium alloy.

Effects of minor B addition on microstructure and properties of AlCoFeNi eutectic high-entropy alloy

The simultaneous strengthening of mechanical and magnetic properties is an ideal fabrication strategy for soft-magnetic materials. A non-equiatomic Al19Co20Fe20Ni41 eutectic high-entropy alloy was prepared to investigate the alloying effect of B on the microstructure evolution, phase formation, mechanical and soft-magnetic properties. With the increase in B content, the microstructures of(Al19Co20Fe20Ni41)100-xBx alloys transformed from the initial lamellar eutectic structure(x=0) to the divorced eutectic structure(x>0.6). Fine borides precipitated in the intergranular phase(x≥0.6). The hardness of alloys increased from HV 328.66 to HV 436.34 and the compression mechanical performance displayed a transition from plastic material to brittle material. The Al19Co20Fe20Ni41 alloy possesses good soft-magnetic properties, and the minor B addition has little effect on it. Increasing the resistivity can effectively reduce the eddy current loss when used as a soft-magnetic material.

Early diagenesis of redox-sensitive trace metals in the northern Okinawa Trough

The early diagenesis processes of several redox-sensitive trace metals(RSMs)(Mo, U and V) were studied with several short sediment cores(~25 cm) collected in the northern Okinawa Trough(OT). Pore water vertical profiles indicated that the sedimentary environments in all cores were between oxic and suboxic, not yet reaching anoxic sulfidic conditions. The recycling process of Mo in sediments was clearly associated with Mn and yielded little authigenic accumulation, while U showed a downcore increase in sediment and its authigenic mass accumulation rate(MAR) was estimated to be ~23% of the Changjiang(Yangtze) and Huanghe(Yellow) riverine flux. Benthic diffusive fluxes and MAR were calculated and the comparison of them showed that U and V fluxes matched relatively well both in direction and in magnitude, implying that diffusion processes at the sedimentwater interface is the dominant process controlling the remobilization or burial of V and U in northern OT. This work provided a systematic study(both in pore water and solid phase) on the RSMs geochemical behaviors during early diagenesis process, yielding a quantitative assessment of the remobilization or burial fluxes of the RSMs in northern OT. Such studies are in general lacking in the coastal margin of Northwest Pacific Ocean.

Comparative analysis of DNA extraction protocols for ancient soft tissue museum samples

DNA studies of endangered or extinct species often rely on ancient or degraded remains.The majority of ancient DNA(aDNA)extraction protocols focus on skeletal elements,with skin and hair samples rarely explored.Similar to that found in bones and teeth,DNA extracted from historical or ancient skin and fur samples is also extremely fragmented with low endogenous content due to natural degradation processes.Thus,the development of effective DNA extraction methods is required for these materials.Here,we compared the performance of two DNA extraction protocols(commercial and custom laboratory aDNA methods)on hair and skin samples from decades-old museum specimens to Iron Age archaeological material.We found that apart from the impact sample-specific taphonomic and handling history has on the quantity and quality of DNA preservation,skin yielded more endogenous DNA than hair of the samples and protocols tested.While both methods recovered DNA from ancient soft tissue,the laboratory method performed better overall in terms of DNA yield and quality,which was primarily due to the poorer performance of the commercial binding buffer in recovering aDNA.