Investigation of the Oral Health Status of Patients Based on Rehabilitation Nursing

Objective: To investigate the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of oral health among rehabilitation nursing patients, and provide some reference for implementing oral health intervention measures for rehabilitation nursing patients. Method: A total of 231 nursing patients in the rehabilitation department of a tertiary hospital in this city from January 2023 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Their oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were investigated, and the oral health behavior habits of patients with different genders, education levels, and disease situations were compared. Result: The total awareness rate of oral health knowledge among patients was 73.16%, and the average score of oral health knowledge was 6.58 ± 1.25 points. The overall positive rate of oral health attitude among patients is 55.70%, and the average score of oral health attitude is 5.01 ± 1.04 points. The average score for oral health behavior is 16.87 ± 5.23 points. Only 8.48%, 3.3%, 1.3%, 2.6%, and 0.87% of patients seek timely medical treatment for bleeding tooth roots, gum swelling and pain, gum bleeding, tooth pain, and dental calculus, respectively;Only 5.19% of people change their toothbrush every 3 months, and only 10.39% use the vertical brush method to brush their teeth. The scores of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of patients are related to age, educational level, disease type, and smoking situation. The oral health knowledge and attitude scores of elderly patients were lower than those of younger patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P P P P P < 0.05). Conclusion: The oral health status of rehabilitation nursing patients is not optimistic, with a moderate level of oral health knowledge, weak awareness of oral health, and a low qualification rate of oral health behaviors. Strengthening oral health education for rehabilitation nursing patients and incorporating oral health care procedures into rehabilitation nursing procedures is of great significance.

Structural and Functional Insights into an Arabidopsis NBS-LRR Receptor in Nicotiana benthamiana

Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptors (NBS-LRR/NLRs) are crucial intracellular immune proteins in plants. Previous article reported a novel NLR protein SUT1 (SUPPRESSORS OF TOPP4-1, 1), which is involved in autoimmunity initiated by type one protein phosphatase 4 mutation (topp4-1) in Arabidopsis, however, its role in planta is still unclear. This study employed Nicotiana benthamiana, a model platform, to conduct an overall structural and functional analysis of SUT1 protein. The transient expression results revealed that SUT1 is a typical CNL (CC-NBS-LRR) receptor, both fluorescence data and biochemical results showed the protein is mainly anchored on the plasma membrane due to its N-terminal acylation site. Further truncation experiments announced that its CC (coiled-coil) domain possessed cell-death-inducing activity. The outcomes of point mutations analysis revealed that not only the CC domain, but also the full-length SUT1 protein, whose function and subcellular localization are influenced by highly conserved hydrophobic residues. These research outcomes provided favorable clues for elucidating the activation mechanism of SUT1.

The Application of Nicotiana benthamiana as a Transient Expression Host to Clone the Coding Sequences of Plant Genes

Coding sequences (CDS) are commonly used for transient gene expression, in yeast two-hybrid screening, to verify protein interactions and in prokaryotic gene expression studies. CDS are most commonly obtained using complementary DNA (cDNA) derived from messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from plant tissues and generated by reverse transcription. However, some CDS are difficult to acquire through this process as they are expressed at extremely low levels or have specific spatial and/or temporal expression patterns in vivo. These challenges require the development of alternative CDS cloning technologies. In this study, we found that the genomic intron-containing gene coding sequences (gDNA) from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Brassica napus, and Glycine max can be correctly transcribed and spliced into mRNA in Nicotiana benthamiana. In contrast, gDNAs from Triticum aestivum and Sorghum bicolor did not function correctly. In transient expression experiments, the target DNA sequence is driven by a constitutive promoter. Theoretically, a sufficient amount of mRNA can be extracted from the N. benthamiana leaves, making it conducive to the cloning of CDS target genes. Our data demonstrate that N. benthamiana can be used as an effective host for the cloning CDS of plant genes.

Expression Pattern, Interaction Network, and Functional Analysis of the Arabidopsis Botrytis Susceptible1 Interactor

E3 ubiquitin ligases are participated in numerous processes, regulating the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Botrytis susceptible1 interactor (BOI) is a RING (Really Interesting New Gene)-type E3 ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of BOS1 (Botrytis susceptible1), a transcription factor involved in stress and pathogen responses. Although BOI is an E3 ligase, there are reports to show that BOI interacts with target proteins such as DELLAs or CONSTANS to repress gibberellin responses and flowering without the degradation of the target proteins. In this article, we utilize diversified methods to comprehensively analyze the expression pattern, interaction network and function of BOI gene. Firstly, 1800 bp upstream region of BOI gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) genome was isolated, and fused GUS reporter gene. The resulting expression cassette was introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The result demonstrated that BOI gene was expressed predominantly in leaves, siliques, young roots, and flowering tissues, indicating that BOI gene may be involved in multiple processes in plant growth and development in Arabidopsis. Besides, eight candidate interacting proteins were obtained from the Arabidopsis cDNA library via yeast two-hybrid technology, including EXO70E2 (AT5G61010), WRKY7 (AT4G24240), WRKY11 (AT4G31550), WRKY17 (AT2G24570), UBP20 (AT4G17895), L5 (AT1G12290), SAUR9 (AT4G36110) and TCP21 (AT5G08330). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins manifested that they related to multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. In addition, the results of the transient assay proclaimed that BOI protein affects the protein stability of EXO70E2 and L5 through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Our results provide novel clues for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying BOI-mediated regulations.

Screening and Identifying of Interaction Protein AtL5 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Research background: The Arabidopsis-resistance protein L5 (AT1G12290) can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a characteristic function of an NBS-LRR (Nucleotide-Binding Sites and Leucine-Rich Repeat) protein activation. Purpose: To explore the function and molecular regulatory network of L5. Method: We employed yeast two-hybrid technology to search for interacting proteins of L5, combined with laser confocal microscopy to observe the subcellular localization of these candidate proteins, and analyzed the impact of these proteins on L5 function using an Agrobacterium mediated transient expression system. Results: Seven candidate interacting proteins were identified from the Arabidopsis cDNA library, including PPA1 (AT1G01050), RIN4 (AT3G25070), LSU1 (AT3G49580), BZIP24 (AT3G51960), BOI (AT4G19700), RING/U (AT4G22250) and PPA3 (AT2G46860). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins showed that they participated in multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. The results of laser confocal microscopy manifested that RIN4 was only localized on the plasma membrane (PM), and RING/U was mainly associated with the PM. PPA1, PPA3, LSU1, BZIP24, and BOI all emerged nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. The results of the transient assay proclaimed that both BOI and RING/U can inhibit cell death caused by L5. Conclusions: These results indicate that L5 immune receptors may participate in various pathways, and their protein levels and activities are strictly regulated at multiple levels, providing a basis for elucidating the mechanism of L5 immune receptors in Arabidopsis resistance.

Dissecting Multiple Arabidopsis CC-NBS-LRR Proteins Structure and Localization

NBS-LRR (nucleotide binding sites and leucine rich repeat) protein plays a crucial role as sentries and as defense activators in plants. The structure and function of NBS-LRR proteins are closely related. Previous articles have announced that the activated ZAR1 (HopZ-Activated Resistance 1) forms a pentamer in the plasma membrane, which is a calcium permeable channel that can trigger plant immune signaling and cell death. However, the structure of galore NBS-LRRs in Arabidopsis is not yet clear. The functional sites of distinct NBS-LRR in cells may vary. In addition, identifying pathogens and activating defense regions may occur in different subcellular compartments. Therefore, dissecting the specific structure and positioning of NBS-LRRs is an indispensable step in understanding their functions. In this article, we exploit AlphaFold to predict the structure of some designed NBS-LRRs, and utilize Agroinfiltration transient expression system, combined with biochemical fractionation, to dissect the localization of these NBS-LRR receptors from Arabidopsis. Structural data indicates that the identified NBS-LRRs share analogous conformation. Membrane fractionation assay demonstrates these NBS-LRRs are mainly associated with the membrane. These data show that the Ca2+-permeable channel activity may be evolutionarily conserved in NBS-LRR of Arabidopsis, and this study provides some reference clues for analyzing the structure and localization patterns of other plant immune receptors.

Caprini风险评估模型对乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成的预测效果分析

目的探究基于Caprini风险评估模型对乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成的预测效果。方法选取2018年5月—2022年5月医院收治的输液港化疗乳腺癌患者300例为调查对象,将确诊已发生输液港相关静脉血栓的乳腺癌患者60例作为发生组,未发生输液港相关静脉血栓的乳腺癌患者240例为未发生组,收集所有患者一般资料,采用Caprini风险评估模型对两组患者进行风险评分及危险度分级,通过多因素Logistic回归模型分析乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成影响因素,探讨Caprini风险评估模型预测乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成价值。结果二元Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,年龄、长期卧床、输液港留置时间、既往静脉血栓病史、远处转移、合并症、下肢水肿、穿刺前D-D水平、穿刺前CRP水平、Caprini风险评估模型评分及其危险度分级为乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成影响因素(P<0.05),其中,年龄≥60岁、长期卧床、输液港留置时间≥1年、既往静脉血栓病史、远处转移、合并症、下肢水肿、穿刺前高D-D水平、穿刺前高CRP水平、Caprini风险评估模型评分>9.5分的乳腺癌化疗患者更容易发生输液港相关静脉血栓。ROC曲线分析显示,Caprini风险评估模型评分预测乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成的AUC分别为0.807,cut-off值为9.5分,敏感度与特异性分别为55.0%、92.1%。结论年龄、长期卧床、输液港留置时间、既往静脉血栓病史、远处转移、合并症、下肢水肿、穿刺前D-D水平、穿刺前CRP水平、Caprini风险评估模型评分为乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成影响因素。通过Caprini风险评估模型预测乳腺癌化疗患者输液港相关静脉血栓形成具有较好价值。

零信任的安全模型研究

零信任被认为是一种新的安全范式,从安全模型视角,揭示了零信任架构以“身份和数据”为主线的安全模型深化与整合.零信任以身份为核心建立全景管控实体链条,围绕实体属性功能生命周期等建立深度防御,并集中重定向实体间信息的流动,整合信息通道,实现层层防护和细粒度动态化访问控制,最后从攻击者视角在信息流通道关键节点设置主动防御机制.由于零信任系统一定会成为高价值资产,探讨了零信任系统演进中与业务深度融合、零信任自身安全和弹性服务能力的新趋势.通过对零信任蕴含安全模型和自身安全性的分析,期望能够为零信任在应用中的架构设计、技术演进、应用安全提供更加清晰的技术发展路径.

问题导向领导人际情绪管理的收益与代价:基于员工与领导的差异化视角

基于资源保存理论,提出问题导向领导人际情绪管理(leader interpersonal emotion management,LIEM)对员工与领导的差异化影响,揭示问题导向领导人际情绪管理的收益(提升员工工作幸福感)与代价(降低领导工作幸福感)。研究对99份领导与388份员工的嵌套数据进行多水平分析,结果表明:在个体层,员工感知的问题导向LIEM通过缓解员工情绪枯竭,提升员工工作幸福感;员工情绪调节能力强化上述积极影响。在领导层,问题导向领导情绪管理会加剧领导情绪枯竭,降低领导工作幸福感;领导复原力削弱上述消极影响。

基于知识图谱的新质生产力研究文献计量分析

新质生产力为我国新征程上推动高质量发展提供了科学指引,是符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。为清晰全面深入地掌握新质生产力的演化过程与研究进展,对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中新质生产力、先进生产力和绿色生产力相关领域在2014—2024年的14351篇文献进行计量分析。在科学计量学理论基础上,以CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件为研究工具,研究新质生产力领域的共词网络、关键词时序图、文献共引网络等知识图谱,从新质生产力的研究热点、研究现状、发文数量、研究机构等方面进行可视化分析、内容分析及统计分析。研究结果旨在为新质生产力的演化过程、发展趋势及未来应用提供方向性指导。

无障碍环境侵权损害救济的体系构建

2023年9月1日,我国首部无障碍环境专门法《无障碍环境建设法》正式实施。该法第七十一条以“损害救济”为中心,规定了侵害无障碍环境的民事责任,为维护无障碍环境权益提供了新的救济路径。当前无障碍环境权益未完全概念化,第七十一条民事责任下无障碍环境侵权责任构成要件模糊,责任承担方式不明确,这将导致无障碍权益救济乏力的困境。针对法条面临的新挑战,应当对规范缝隙进行解释与补充,进一步细化无障碍环境侵权责任构成要件及责任承担方式,通过无障碍侵权责任类型化的方式为全体社会成员构建起更完整的无障碍环境侵权损害救济路径。

工作压力、工作资源对乡村义务教育教师个人教学效能感的影响——基于18省35县教师的实证研究

基于涵盖东、中、西部三个地区的18986份乡村义务教育教师的调查数据,探究不同工作压力源与工作资源对乡村义务教育阶段教师个人教学效能感的影响。结果表明:工作压力中的教学工作压力、职业发展压力对教师个人教学效能感起显著正向预测作用,属于挑战型工作要求;在不考虑工作资源的作用时,纪律管理压力起显著负向预测作用,属于阻碍型工作要求;工作资源中的教师交流合作、生源素质、课程与教学水平、家校合作对教师个人教学效能感均起显著正向预测作用,属于激励型工作资源。学校管理制度、工作环境、实际工资起显著负向预测作用,属于保障型工作资源;纪律管理压力和职业发展压力在实际工资对个人教学效能感的影响中起到正向调节作用;挑战型工作要求“教学工作压力、职业发展压力”与激励型工作资源“教师交流合作、生源素质、课程与教学水平、家校合作”交互作用在“高工作压力—高工作资源”组合下个人教学效能感最佳。

雷公藤红素的结构修饰及抗肿瘤活性研究进展

雷公藤红素是一种来源于药用植物雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.)的五环三萜类天然活性产物,具有显著而广泛的抗肿瘤活性,然而,水溶性差、毒副作用强等缺点限制了其转化成为临床抗肿瘤药物。为此,通过结构修饰,改善其临床应用的局限性成为该研究领域的热点。迄今,针对其进行的结构修饰主要集中于A环C-2、C-3位,B环的C-6位及E环的28位,主要有酯化、酰胺化及引入药效基团等修饰,此外,部分非常见的修饰位点同样对抗肿瘤活性有重要影响。综述了近年来雷公藤红素的结构修饰及其抗肿瘤活性研究进展,为深入研究雷公藤红素的临床应用提供参考。

初中物理教师新课程实施类型考察与异质特征——基于类型化视角的混合研究

研究基于新课标背景下初中物理教师课程实施现状,采用类型化分析视角,对269份有效问卷与12位教师访谈资料进行解释序列混合研究发现:(1)类型考察:教师可以划分为“实施低效型、顺势扮演型、实施高效型、迎难而上型”四类实施类型,不同类型教师折射出的新课标理解与使用情境、工作特征、教学评价倾向与教研参与意愿各不相同;(2)实施层级:分别处于“不予采纳-抵制应对”“形式采用-初步领会”“基本理解-有效运用”“理念内化-调试创生”课程实施层级;(3)异质特征:分别呈现“消极应对课改,原有认知束缚”“浅层理解课改,认知-行为矛盾”“有效实施课改,价值理念疏离”“批判认识课改,个人意义建构”多重异质特征。建议针对不同类型教师分类施策,进而连贯不同类型教师课程实施层级跃升通道。

轮作滇重楼与滇黄精对三七连作土壤真菌群落的调节效应

轮作是应对药用植物三七连作障碍的有效途径,而不同轮作模式对土壤真菌群落的调节效应还鲜见报道.研究利用高通量测序技术对轮作滇重楼和滇黄精两种药用植物根际土壤真菌群落进行了定量分析,对理化性质与酶活性进行了检测,并与新地和连作地三七根际特征进行了比较,结果表明:三七连作导致根际土壤真菌多样性显著降低,癣囊腔菌属(Plectosphaerella)等潜在病原菌群相对丰度大幅升高,可能是连作障碍的主要成因.与连作三七相比较,轮作滇重楼和滇黄精根际真菌多样性显著升高,癣囊腔菌属相对丰度分别降低27.76%和33.33%,而潜在有益菌群木霉属(Trichoderma)相对丰度分别升高433.06%和2 353.32%;此外,非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)表明,轮作滇黄精根际土壤真菌群落特征较非连作三七更为相似,且与连作三七根际土壤相比,磷酸酶与蔗糖酶活性显著增加(P<0.05);轮作滇重楼与滇黄精生长状况良好,受三七种植的影响较小.因此,轮作滇重楼与滇黄精对三七连作土壤真菌群落均具有良好的调节效应,有望成为应对三七连作障碍、缩短轮作年限的有力措施.

东北长白山泥炭地硅藻−水位埋深转换函数

本研究基于2016、2019和2021年夏季在东北长白山地区7处泥炭地采集的160个表层样品和环境因子数据,结合表层样品硅藻分析,构建了硅藻属种与环境因子数据库,该数据库包括64个硅藻属种和11个环境变量。优势硅藻属种组合沿水位埋深梯度(0~66 cm)呈现明显分异,偏典范对应分析结果表明,水位埋深单独解释了硅藻组合数据总方差的8.4%,远大于其他环境因子的单独解释份额。基于此,选取加权平均模型和最大似然估计模型构建硅藻−水位转换函数。不同模型分析结果显示,典型回归耐受值降权加权平均模型构建的硅藻−水位转换函数表现最佳,剔除残差大于20%水位梯度(13.2 cm)的样品后进行留一法交叉检验,该模型的推导值与实测值相关系数最大和推导误差最小。本文构建的硅藻−水位转换函数为定量反演长白山地区泥炭地过去水位变化提供了新的有效方法。

2005—2020年云南省阿米巴痢疾流行特征分析

目的分析云南省阿米巴痢疾流行状况,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2005年1月—2020年12月的云南省阿米巴痢疾报告病例进行分析,对其人群、时间和地区等分布特征进行描述。结果2005—2020年云南省累计报告阿米巴痢疾病例3315例,其中临床诊断病例697例(占21.03%),确诊病例2618例(占78.97%)。年报告发病率为0.06/10万~1.45/10万,年均报告发病率为0.46/10万,发病率在2005年最高(1.45/10万),其后呈波动下降。报告病例中,男性1838例(占55.44%),女性1477例(占44.56%),性别比为1∶0.8;0~9岁人群报告病例最多(1675例,占50.53%);散居儿童和农民报告病例较多,分别为1276例(占38.49%)和1011例(占30.50%)。报告病例主要集中在4—7月(1925例,占58.07%)。地区分布中,报告病例数前3位的地区分别为临沧市(1526例,占46.03%)、楚雄州和红河州(均为273例,各占8.23%)。其中临沧市耿马县报告1380例,占全省报告病例数的41.63%。结论云南省阿米巴痢疾报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,儿童和农民为主要发病群体,临沧市耿马县报告病例数最多。今后应加强对重点地区和重点人群的健康教育。同时,要进一步提高医疗机构的诊断能力和疾控机构的监测能力,不断提升阿米巴痢疾的防控水平。

贵州省社区医务人员职业认同现状及影响因素研究

[目的]了解社区医务人员职业认同现状及影响因素,为改善社区医务人员职业认同水平、促进基层医疗人才队伍稳定发展提供参考。[方法]采用多阶段分层随机抽样,在贵州省9个州(市)抽取2076名社区医务人员进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析探索职业延迟满足、体面劳动感知与职业认同的相关性。[结果]职业认同总得分为(40.91±5.89)分,总均分为(3.72±0.54)分。单因素分析结果显示,不同岗位性质、年龄、学历、职称、婚姻状况、月收入、工作年限的社区医务人员职业认同总得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示,职业延迟满足、体面劳动感知与职业认同呈正相关(r=0.231、0.385,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,月收入、年龄、工作年限、职业延迟满足、体面劳动感知是职业认同的影响因素,可解释职业认同总变异的25.5%。[结论]贵州省社区医务人员的职业认同水平不高。年龄、月收入、工作年限、职业延迟满足、体面劳动感知是职业认同的影响因素。

Overexpression of the transcription factor MdWRKY115 improves drought and osmotic stress tolerance by directly binding to the MdRD22 promoter in apple

Abiotic stress reduces plant yield and quality.WRKY transcription factors play key roles in abiotic stress responses in plants,but the molecular mechanisms by which WRKY transcription factors mediate responses to drought and osmotic stresses in apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)remain unclear.Here,we functionally characterized the apple GroupⅢWRKY gene MdWRKY115.qRT-PCR analysis showed that MdWRKY115 expression was up-regulated by drought and osmotic stresses.GUS activity analysis revealed that the promoter activity of MdWRKY115 was enhanced under osmotic stress.Subcellular localization and transactivation assays indicated that MdWRKY115 was localized to the nucleus and had a transcriptional activity domain at the N-terminal region.Transgenic analysis revealed that the overexpression of MdWRKY115 in Arabidopsis plants and in apple callus markedly enhanced their tolerance to drought and osmotic stresses.DNA affinity purification sequencing showed that MdWRKY115 binds to the promoter of the stress-related gene MdRD22.This binding was further verified by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Collectively,these findings suggest that MdWRKY115 is an important regulator of osmotic and drought stress tolerance in apple.

细支气管腺瘤的临床病理及CT特征分析

目的:探讨细支气管腺瘤(BA)的临床、CT及病理特征。方法:对22例经病理证实的病例的临床、CT及病理学表现进行回顾和分析。结果:22例BA中19例术前胸部CT可检出病灶。19例中实性型5例、磨玻璃型12例、囊腔型2例。男8例、女11例,年龄36~82(60±12)岁。15例没有表现出明显的呼吸道症状。BA均位于胸膜下区。19例BA病灶直径(9.24±1.22)mm,CT值为(-373.74±62.92)HU,形状不规则15例,边界模糊10例,分叶征3例,毛刺征或钙化1例,空泡征4例,胸膜凹陷征6例,异常空气支气管征8例,异常血管征10例。8例BA患者接受术前随访,2例直径增长速率为1~1.49mm/年,5例随访BA的体积倍增时间(VDT)为(1063±272)天。22例中有10例同时合并肺癌。12例术中冰冻提及BA。BA病灶显示甲状腺转录因子1(TTF-1)、NapsinA、CK7表达100%,Ki-67为1%~2%。结论:BA患者临床症状不典型,影像表现多样,临床极易误诊。