Cullin 4A(CUL4A)is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that directly affects DNA repair and cell cycle progression by targeting substrates including damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2(DDB2),xeroderma pigmentosum complementation...Cullin 4A(CUL4A)is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that directly affects DNA repair and cell cycle progression by targeting substrates including damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2(DDB2),xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C(XPC),chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1(Cdt1),and p21.Recent work from our laboratory has shown that Cul4a-deficient mice have greatly reduced rates of ultraviolet-induced skin carcinomas.On a cellular level,Cul4a-deficient cells have great capacity for DNA repair and demonstrate a slow rate of proliferation due primarily to increased expression of DDB2 and p21,respectively.This suggests that CUL4A promotes tumorigenesis(as well as accumulation of skin damage and subsequent premature aging)by limiting DNA repair activity and expediting S phase entry.In addition,CUL4A has been found to be up-regulated via gene amplification or overexpression in breast cancers,hepatocellular carcinomas,squamous cell carcinomas,adrenocortical carcinomas,childhood medulloblastomas,and malignant pleural mesotheliomas.Because of its oncogenic activity in skin cancer and up-regulation in other malignancies,CUL4A has arisen as a potential candidate for targeted therapeutic approaches.In this review,we outline the established functions of CUL4A and discuss the E3ligase’s emergence as a potential driver of tumorigenesis.展开更多
Isometric 3D shape partial matching has attracted a great amount of interest, with a plethora of applicationsranging from shape recognition to texture mapping. In this paper, we propose a novel isometric 3D shape part...Isometric 3D shape partial matching has attracted a great amount of interest, with a plethora of applicationsranging from shape recognition to texture mapping. In this paper, we propose a novel isometric 3D shape partial matchingalgorithm using the geodesic disk Laplace spectrum （GD-DNA）. It transforms the partial matching problem into the geodesicdisk matching problem. Firstly, the largest enclosed geodesic disk extracted from the partial shape is matched with geodesicdisks from the full shape by the Laplace spectrum of the geodesic disk. Secondly, Generalized Multi-Dimensional Scalingalgorithm （GMDS） and Euclidean embedding are conducted to establish final point correspondences between the partialand the full shape using the matched geodesic disk pair. The proposed GD-DNA is discriminative for matching geodesicdisks, and it can well solve the anchor point selection problem in challenging partial shape matching tasks. Experimentalresults on the Shape Retrieval Contest 2016 （SHREC＇16） benchmark validate the proposed method, and comparisons withisometric partial matching algorithms in the literature show that our method has a higher precision.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Institutes of Health Grant(No.CA098210)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30901754)+1 种基金the Tianjin City Thousand Person Plan grantssupported in part by a Ruth L.Kirschstein National Service Award(NRSA) Institutional Research Training Grant(No.T32GM008539)
文摘Cullin 4A(CUL4A)is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that directly affects DNA repair and cell cycle progression by targeting substrates including damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2(DDB2),xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C(XPC),chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1(Cdt1),and p21.Recent work from our laboratory has shown that Cul4a-deficient mice have greatly reduced rates of ultraviolet-induced skin carcinomas.On a cellular level,Cul4a-deficient cells have great capacity for DNA repair and demonstrate a slow rate of proliferation due primarily to increased expression of DDB2 and p21,respectively.This suggests that CUL4A promotes tumorigenesis(as well as accumulation of skin damage and subsequent premature aging)by limiting DNA repair activity and expediting S phase entry.In addition,CUL4A has been found to be up-regulated via gene amplification or overexpression in breast cancers,hepatocellular carcinomas,squamous cell carcinomas,adrenocortical carcinomas,childhood medulloblastomas,and malignant pleural mesotheliomas.Because of its oncogenic activity in skin cancer and up-regulation in other malignancies,CUL4A has arisen as a potential candidate for targeted therapeutic approaches.In this review,we outline the established functions of CUL4A and discuss the E3ligase’s emergence as a potential driver of tumorigenesis.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2017YFB1002804, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61672103, 61731015, 61572078 and 61402042.
文摘Isometric 3D shape partial matching has attracted a great amount of interest, with a plethora of applicationsranging from shape recognition to texture mapping. In this paper, we propose a novel isometric 3D shape partial matchingalgorithm using the geodesic disk Laplace spectrum （GD-DNA）. It transforms the partial matching problem into the geodesicdisk matching problem. Firstly, the largest enclosed geodesic disk extracted from the partial shape is matched with geodesicdisks from the full shape by the Laplace spectrum of the geodesic disk. Secondly, Generalized Multi-Dimensional Scalingalgorithm （GMDS） and Euclidean embedding are conducted to establish final point correspondences between the partialand the full shape using the matched geodesic disk pair. The proposed GD-DNA is discriminative for matching geodesicdisks, and it can well solve the anchor point selection problem in challenging partial shape matching tasks. Experimentalresults on the Shape Retrieval Contest 2016 （SHREC＇16） benchmark validate the proposed method, and comparisons withisometric partial matching algorithms in the literature show that our method has a higher precision.
