Initially,most ovarian tumors respond to the treatment with platinum components,but frequently recurrence occurs within the following two years in advanced ovarian cancer patients.In this regard,previous studies have ...Initially,most ovarian tumors respond to the treatment with platinum components,but frequently recurrence occurs within the following two years in advanced ovarian cancer patients.In this regard,previous studies have shown changes in the epigenetic patterns in ovarian cancer that are linked with resistance to cis-and carboplatin therapy.Thus,epigenetic changes mediated by a treatment with cis-or carboplatin could identify such patients who do or do not respond to this therapy.Therefore,an understanding of the impact of platinum on epigenetics in ovarian cancer is important in overcoming platinum resistance.In this review,we delineate epigenetic abnormalities in cis-and carboplatin-resistant ovarian tumors,such as changes in DNA methylation,histone modifications and deregulation of microRNAs,and discuss the potential of epigenetic therapies in combination with platinum.展开更多
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles engaged in intercellular communication in both healthy and tumor cells.When released by the primary tumor,they transfer their cargo including nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids...Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles engaged in intercellular communication in both healthy and tumor cells.When released by the primary tumor,they transfer their cargo including nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids to target cells,thus modulating the character and fate of the recipient cells.By propagating their oncogenic content,exosomes are able to promote tumor progression,angiogenesis,metastases,and drug resistance.Their functions as delivery vehicles of biological material make exosomes promising biomarkers for the early prediction of disease progression and drug resistance in breast cancer,as well as for therapeutic targeting of molecules to treat this deadly disease.In the present review,we accentuate the relevance of exosomes as vehicles of prognostic and predictive markers and target molecules,and describe their potential therapeutic applications as drug cargo suppliers.We made an extensive literature research to clarify the association of their cargo,including exosomal DNA and RNA molecules,with the propagation of drug resistance.展开更多
Ovarian cancer has a poor outcome because it is usually detected at advanced tumor stages,and the majority of the patients develop disease relapse as a result of chemotherapy resistance.This most lethal gynecological ...Ovarian cancer has a poor outcome because it is usually detected at advanced tumor stages,and the majority of the patients develop disease relapse as a result of chemotherapy resistance.This most lethal gynecological malignancy metastasizes within the peritoneal fluid or ascites to pelvic and distal organs.In ovarian cancer progression and metastasis,small non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),including long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs have been recognized as important regulators.Their dysregulation modulates gene expression and cellular signal pathways and can be detected in liquid biopsies.In this review,we provide an overview on circulating plasma and serum ncRNAs participating in tumor cell migration and invasion,and contributing to recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer.We will also discuss the development of potential,novel therapies using ncRNAs as target molecules or tumor markers for ovarian cancer.展开更多
文摘Initially,most ovarian tumors respond to the treatment with platinum components,but frequently recurrence occurs within the following two years in advanced ovarian cancer patients.In this regard,previous studies have shown changes in the epigenetic patterns in ovarian cancer that are linked with resistance to cis-and carboplatin therapy.Thus,epigenetic changes mediated by a treatment with cis-or carboplatin could identify such patients who do or do not respond to this therapy.Therefore,an understanding of the impact of platinum on epigenetics in ovarian cancer is important in overcoming platinum resistance.In this review,we delineate epigenetic abnormalities in cis-and carboplatin-resistant ovarian tumors,such as changes in DNA methylation,histone modifications and deregulation of microRNAs,and discuss the potential of epigenetic therapies in combination with platinum.
文摘Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles engaged in intercellular communication in both healthy and tumor cells.When released by the primary tumor,they transfer their cargo including nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids to target cells,thus modulating the character and fate of the recipient cells.By propagating their oncogenic content,exosomes are able to promote tumor progression,angiogenesis,metastases,and drug resistance.Their functions as delivery vehicles of biological material make exosomes promising biomarkers for the early prediction of disease progression and drug resistance in breast cancer,as well as for therapeutic targeting of molecules to treat this deadly disease.In the present review,we accentuate the relevance of exosomes as vehicles of prognostic and predictive markers and target molecules,and describe their potential therapeutic applications as drug cargo suppliers.We made an extensive literature research to clarify the association of their cargo,including exosomal DNA and RNA molecules,with the propagation of drug resistance.
文摘Ovarian cancer has a poor outcome because it is usually detected at advanced tumor stages,and the majority of the patients develop disease relapse as a result of chemotherapy resistance.This most lethal gynecological malignancy metastasizes within the peritoneal fluid or ascites to pelvic and distal organs.In ovarian cancer progression and metastasis,small non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),including long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs have been recognized as important regulators.Their dysregulation modulates gene expression and cellular signal pathways and can be detected in liquid biopsies.In this review,we provide an overview on circulating plasma and serum ncRNAs participating in tumor cell migration and invasion,and contributing to recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer.We will also discuss the development of potential,novel therapies using ncRNAs as target molecules or tumor markers for ovarian cancer.
