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《名古屋议定书》获取与惠益分享制度对传统生物防治研究的影响与对策 被引量:2
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作者 唐睿 philip weyl +2 位作者 Hariet HINZ 张峰 David SMITH 《环境昆虫学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第5期1154-1161,共8页
为了保证公平和公正地分享利用遗传资源所产生的惠益,研究和开发中使用的遗传资源必须按照《名古屋议定书》中规定的获取与惠益分享制度进行收集和利用。截至2020年7月,该议定书的缔约方中已有67个国家制定了相关立法,另有57个国家正在... 为了保证公平和公正地分享利用遗传资源所产生的惠益,研究和开发中使用的遗传资源必须按照《名古屋议定书》中规定的获取与惠益分享制度进行收集和利用。截至2020年7月,该议定书的缔约方中已有67个国家制定了相关立法,另有57个国家正在制定法律,行政或政策措施。传统生物防治通常是从有害生物的原产地或自然分布区引进天敌资源,用于可持续防治外来入侵有害生物。本文基于履约现状与挑战,分析了获取与惠益分享制度对于传统生物防治研究的影响,并以国际应用生物科学中心为例介绍了获取与惠益分享政策和最佳做法以及履约实践与对策,以期为我国从事传统生物防治研究的机构和科研人员遵守并执行《名古屋议定书》提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 生物多样性公约 获取与惠益分享 法规 最佳做法 生物防治作用物
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Comparative Efficacy of Common Broad Leaf Herbicides against an Invasive Weed: <i>Parthenium</i><i>hysterophorus</i>L.
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作者 Kazam Ali Abdul Rehman +1 位作者 Kausar Khan philip weyl 《Agricultural Sciences》 2020年第7期617-626,共10页
<em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> L. (parthenium weed) is an annual weed that grows rapidly in disturbed land. It is considered as one of the most hazardous weeds in Pakistan as it poses serious health pro... <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> L. (parthenium weed) is an annual weed that grows rapidly in disturbed land. It is considered as one of the most hazardous weeds in Pakistan as it poses serious health problems to livestock as well as severe allergenic reactions in humans. It has invaded the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces and also been spreading in other parts of the country where it poses a risk for the grazing lands, roadsides, forests, wet lands, waste lands and of all types of cropped and non-cropped areas in Pakistan. The present studies were carried out to determine the impact of four locally available broad leaf herbicides viz;Stomp 455 CS (pendimethalin), Buctril Super 60 EC (bromoxynil + MCPA), Vantage 48 SL (glyphosate) and Logran Extra 750 WG (triasulfuron + terbutryn) (@ recommended and <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#189;</span></span><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:" font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""></span> of recommended dose) against <em>P. hysterophorus</em> grown in pots at research field of CABI CWA, Rawalpindi. All herbicides were applied at three growth stages (rosette, bolted and flowering). The observations for the mortality of <em>P. hysterophorus</em> were made 2 and 4 weeks after spray. The glyphosate was the most effective and reported 100% mortality of <em>P. hysterophorus</em> plants at flowering stage followed by bromoxynil + MCPA (89%), pendimethalin (80%) and triasulfuron + terbutryn (61%) at recommended dose after 4 weeks of spray. All tested herbicides achieved a mortality between 38% - 86% at rosette while 54% - 96% mortality at bolted stage after 4 weeks. Initially, 2 weeks after spray at flowering stage glyphosate caused 53% wilting followed by 49% (bromoxynil + MCPA), 33% (pendimethalin) and 9% (triasulfuron + terbutryn) at their recommended doses. The results indicated that <em>P. hysterophorus</em> is the most susceptible to glyphosate and bromoxynil + MCPA, both these herbicides are very promising for the wilting and management of parthenium weed. 展开更多
关键词 Parthenium hysterophorus Annual Weed HERBICIDES Mortality WILTING
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