Historically,studies of condition-dependent signals in animals have been male-centric,but recent work suggests that female ornaments can also communicate individual quality(e.g.,disease state,fecundity).There also has...Historically,studies of condition-dependent signals in animals have been male-centric,but recent work suggests that female ornaments can also communicate individual quality(e.g.,disease state,fecundity).There also has been a surge of interest in how urbanization alters signaling traits,but we know little about if and how cities affect signal expression in female animals.We measured carotenoid-based plumage coloration and coccidian(Isospora spp.)parasite burden in desert and city populations of house finches Haemorhous mexicanus to examine links between urbanization,health state,and feather pigmentation in males and females.In earlier work,we showed that male house finches are less colorful and more parasitized in the city,and we again detected such patterns in this study for males;however,urban females were less colorful,but not more parasitized,than rural females.Moreover,contrary to rural populations,we found that urban birds(regardless of sex)with larger patches of carotenoid coloration were also more heavily infected with coccidia.These results show that urban environments can disrupt condition-dependent color expression and highlight the need for more studies on how cities affect disease and signaling traits in both male and female animals.展开更多
基金Funding for this study was provided by Barrett the Honors College and the School of Life Sciences at Arizona State University(ASU)as well as by a National Science Foundation grant to the CAP LTER program at ASU(award#1637590).
文摘Historically,studies of condition-dependent signals in animals have been male-centric,but recent work suggests that female ornaments can also communicate individual quality(e.g.,disease state,fecundity).There also has been a surge of interest in how urbanization alters signaling traits,but we know little about if and how cities affect signal expression in female animals.We measured carotenoid-based plumage coloration and coccidian(Isospora spp.)parasite burden in desert and city populations of house finches Haemorhous mexicanus to examine links between urbanization,health state,and feather pigmentation in males and females.In earlier work,we showed that male house finches are less colorful and more parasitized in the city,and we again detected such patterns in this study for males;however,urban females were less colorful,but not more parasitized,than rural females.Moreover,contrary to rural populations,we found that urban birds(regardless of sex)with larger patches of carotenoid coloration were also more heavily infected with coccidia.These results show that urban environments can disrupt condition-dependent color expression and highlight the need for more studies on how cities affect disease and signaling traits in both male and female animals.
