Plant glutamine synthetase(GS,EC6.3.1.2)catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonium ions and acts as a key enzyme in the nitrogen metabolic pathway in organisms.Nitrogen is an essential element fo...Plant glutamine synthetase(GS,EC6.3.1.2)catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonium ions and acts as a key enzyme in the nitrogen metabolic pathway in organisms.Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and plays an important role in crop yield and quality formation.Therefore,GS is crucial in many physiological processes in plants.Currently,nitrogen regulation by GS in plants is well-studied in terms of its effect on plant growth and development.This article reviews the regulatory role of plant GS and its molecular mechanism in mitigating stress injury,such as low or high temperature,salinity,drought and oxidation.The function of plant GS in stress tolerance response is focused.The review aims to provide a reference for the utilization of plant GS in crop stress tolerance breeding.展开更多
The research of TiO2 nanotubes(TNTs)in the field of biomedicine has been increasingly active.However,given the diversity of the nanoscale dimension and controversial reports,our understanding of the structure-property...The research of TiO2 nanotubes(TNTs)in the field of biomedicine has been increasingly active.However,given the diversity of the nanoscale dimension and controversial reports,our understanding of the structure-property relationships of TNTs is not yet complete.In this paper,gradient TNTs with a wide diameter range of 20-350 nm were achieved by bipolar electrochemistry and utilized for a thorough high-throughput study of the effect of nanotube dimension and crystalline phase on protein adsorption and cell behaviors.Results indicated that protein adsorption escalated with nanotube dimension whereas cell proliferation and differentiation are preferred on small diameter(<70 nm)nanotubes.Large diameter anatase nanotubes had higher adsorption of serum proteins than as-prepared ones.But only as-prepared small diameter nanotubes presented slightly higher cell proliferation than corresponding annealed nanotubes whereas there was no discernible difference between as-prepared and annealed nanotubes on cell differentiation for the entire gradient.Those findings replenish previous research about how cell responses to TNTs with a wide diameter range and provide scientific guidance for the optimal design of biomedical materials.展开更多
基金supported by Qingdao Agriculture University Internal Strategic Research Fund,National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101715)the Foundation of Research and Application of Whole Genome Selection in Wheat(2019LZGC016)+1 种基金the High-Level Talents Project of Qingdao Agricultural University(663/1119057)the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology at Shandong Agricultural University(2020KF03)。
文摘Plant glutamine synthetase(GS,EC6.3.1.2)catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonium ions and acts as a key enzyme in the nitrogen metabolic pathway in organisms.Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and plays an important role in crop yield and quality formation.Therefore,GS is crucial in many physiological processes in plants.Currently,nitrogen regulation by GS in plants is well-studied in terms of its effect on plant growth and development.This article reviews the regulatory role of plant GS and its molecular mechanism in mitigating stress injury,such as low or high temperature,salinity,drought and oxidation.The function of plant GS in stress tolerance response is focused.The review aims to provide a reference for the utilization of plant GS in crop stress tolerance breeding.
基金the State Key Project of Research and Development(2016YFC1100300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11904301,21773199)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2016A030310370)111 Project(B16029)。
文摘The research of TiO2 nanotubes(TNTs)in the field of biomedicine has been increasingly active.However,given the diversity of the nanoscale dimension and controversial reports,our understanding of the structure-property relationships of TNTs is not yet complete.In this paper,gradient TNTs with a wide diameter range of 20-350 nm were achieved by bipolar electrochemistry and utilized for a thorough high-throughput study of the effect of nanotube dimension and crystalline phase on protein adsorption and cell behaviors.Results indicated that protein adsorption escalated with nanotube dimension whereas cell proliferation and differentiation are preferred on small diameter(<70 nm)nanotubes.Large diameter anatase nanotubes had higher adsorption of serum proteins than as-prepared ones.But only as-prepared small diameter nanotubes presented slightly higher cell proliferation than corresponding annealed nanotubes whereas there was no discernible difference between as-prepared and annealed nanotubes on cell differentiation for the entire gradient.Those findings replenish previous research about how cell responses to TNTs with a wide diameter range and provide scientific guidance for the optimal design of biomedical materials.
