Alcohol-dispersed polymer complex as an effective and durable interface modifier for n-i-p perovskite solar cells

Abundant interfacial defects remain a significant challenge that hampers both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,an alcohol-dispersed conducting polymer complex,denoted as PEDOT:F(Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):Perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers),is introduced into the interface between perovskite and hole transporting layer in regular-structured PSCs.PEDOT:F serves as a multi-functional interface layer(filling grain boundaries and covering perovskite's grain-surface)to achieve a robust interaction with organic groups within perovskites,which could induce a structural transformation of PEDOT to increase its conductivity for the efficient hole-transport.Furthermore,the strong interaction between PEDOT and perovskites could promote an effective coupling of undercoordinated Pb~(2+)ions with the lone electron pairs near O&S atoms in PEDOT molecules,thereby enhancing defect passivation.Additionally,PEDOT:F with inherent hydrophobic properties prevents effectively moisture invasion into perovskites for the improved long-term stability of the PSCs.Consequently,the PEDOT:F-based PSCs achieved a champion efficiency of 24.81%,and maintained ca.92%of their initial efficiency after 7680 h of storage in a dry air environment,accompanied by the enhanced photothermal stability.

Tin oxide(SnO_2) as effective electron selective layer material in hybrid organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells

The emergence of hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells （PSCs） causes a break through in the solar technology recently due to its fabrication processes. The dramatic enhancenlent in in 2009 to the recent certified record PCE of 22.7% superior optoelectronic properties and the low-cost power conversion efficiency （PCE） of PSCs flom 3.8% ndicates huge potential of PSCs for future high efficiency and large scale photovoltaic manufacturing. The electron selective layer （ESL） plays an important role in electron extraction and hole blocking function in PSCs, and there have been great interest in developing efficient ESL materials. Recently, tin oxide （SnO2） as an ESL has attracted significant research attentions owing to its low temperature preparation processes as well as yielding high PCE and good stability of PSCs. In this perspective article, we focus on the development progress of SnO2 as an ESL m PSCs, and discuss the strategies for preparing SnO2 to achieve PSCs with high efficiency, less hysteresis and good device stability.

Transition metal oxides as hole-transporting materials in organic semiconductor and hybrid perovskite based solar cells

Organic polymer solar cells(OSCs) and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have achieved notable progress over the past several years.A central topic in these fields is exploring electronically efficient,stable and effective hole-transporting layer(HTL) materials.The goal is to enhance hole-collection ability,reduce charge recombination,increase built-in voltage,and hence improve the performance as well as the device stability.Transition metal oxides(TMOs) semiconductors such as NiO_x,CuO_x,CrO_x,MoO_x,WO_3,and V_2O_5,have been widely used as HTLs in OSCs.These TMOs are naturally adopted into PSC as HTLs and shows their importance.There are similarities,and also differences in applying TMOs in these two types of main solution processed solar cells.This concise review is on the recent developments of transition metal oxide HTL in OSCs and PSCs.The paper starts from the discussion of the cation valence and electronic structure of the transition metal oxide materials,followed by analyzing the structure-property relationships of these HTLs,which we attempt to give a systematic introduction about the influences of their cation valence,electronic structure,work function and film property on device performance.