Effect of exposure to chlorpyrifos on the cuticular and internal lipid composition of Blattella germanica males

The results of our research on the cuticular and internal lipids of Blattella germanica males provide new information on variation in the composition of the cuticular and internal lipids ofB. germanica males after exposure to the presence of the insecticide. gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were used to identify and quantify the cuticular and internal lipid composition in males and males exposed to insecticide. There were significantly more acids having an even number of carbon atoms in the molecule, and these were also generally in higher concentrations. The following acids were in a higher concentration： C16：0 and C18：1, C18：2, C18：0. In both males and males exposed to insecticide, 24 fatty acids ranging from C6 to C22 were determined. However, there was a significantly higher content of fatty acids in the surface lipids of B. germanica males after exposure to insecticide. Our results indicate a higher content of n-alkanes, sterols, particularly cholesterol, fatty acids, and fatty acid methyl esters in the B. germanica surface after exposure to chlorpyrifos than in males that were not exposed.

Impact of environmental factors on the sampling rate ofβ-blockers and sulfonamides from water by a carbon nanotube-passive sampler

Passive techniques are a constantly evolving approach to the long-term monitoring of micropollutants,including pharmaceuticals,in the aquatic environment.This paper presents,for the first time,the calibration results of a new CNTs-PSDs(carbon nanotubes used as a sorbent in passive sampling devices)with an examination of the effect of donor phase salinity,water pH and the concentration of dissolved humic acids(DHAs),using both ultrapure and environmental waters.Sampling rates(R_(s))were determined for the developed kinetic samplers.It has been observed that the impact of the examined environmental factors on the R_(s) values strictly depends on the type of the analytes.In the case ofβ-blockers,the only environmental parameter affecting their uptake rate was the salinity of water.A certain relationship was noted,namely the higher the salt concentration in water,the lower the Rs values ofβ-blockers.In the case of sulfonamides,water salinity,water pH 7-9 and DHAs concentration decreased the uptake rate of these compounds by CNTs-PSDs.The determined Rs values differed in particular when the values obtained from the experiments carried out using ultrapure water and environmental waters were compared.The general conclusion is that the calibration of novel CNTs-PSDs should be carried out under physicochemical conditions of the aquatic phase that are similar to the environmental matrix.