Some research on climate change has been the basis of climate change denialism(here-after,CCD is used to refer to denial,denialism,and deniers).There is formative knowledge about the role of political propaganda in cl...Some research on climate change has been the basis of climate change denialism(here-after,CCD is used to refer to denial,denialism,and deniers).There is formative knowledge about the role of political propaganda in climate policies and resulting outcomes.Tocontribute to the understanding of political ideology and the extent of CCD,we adopt econometric techniques to study the impact of the United States of America's withdrawal from the Paris Agreement.The results show that ideological political propaganda haspsychological and philosophical consequences that impact climate change policies.In addition,we find that the effect of a state's economic growth on climate change is mediated by CCD.In particular,low-income capitalist states have a higher propensity to become CCDs because they are more likely to engage in economic expansion even at the expense of environmental sustainability.Global climate change policies depend on high-income nations and industries'willingness to adopt economic policies to achieve sus-tainable future development.Thus,this study fills the literature gap on the relationship between political ideology and climate change.The findings show that CCD significantlyinfluences voting patterns and socioeconomic outcomes.It impedes states from achieving net-zero emissions and carbon neutrality and it is used as a political propaganda.Subject to these findings,relevant policy suggestions are offered.展开更多
Carbon emission is inevitable,and changes with energy consumption and economic development,presents policy options toward sustainable development path.Currently,there is little assurance from policymakers in committin...Carbon emission is inevitable,and changes with energy consumption and economic development,presents policy options toward sustainable development path.Currently,there is little assurance from policymakers in committing to climate change pledges:taking the Middle-East and North African(MENA)region as a specific case with using 2019 as a cut-off period.We conducted an interim assessment of the Paris Agreement to ascertain whether climate actions are in tandem with emissions reduction targets.Making use of difference-in-difference technique as a quasiexperiment supported by fixed-effects and placebo treatment models,the results point to evidence of less than 1%effective CO_(2) emissions reduction as of 2019 compared to the 2015 level.The current carbon emissions reduction commitment level is far-reaching contrary to the Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs)pledged(16.43%on average by 2030 compared to the 2015 level).The analysis suggests that achieving NDCs commitments are currently major burden on policymakers since the economic development is highly linked with nonrenewable energy consumption.Furthermore,a more comprehensive framework when accounting for all available renewable and clean energy projects shows reduction levels in the range of 30%-40%from 2020 to 2030.These results suggest that the Paris Agreement in MENA countries may be more effective from 2020,thus underscore the importance of capturing ongoing projects(involving renewable and clean energy technologies)into interim policy assessment.The shared implication is that greater efforts are demanded from the region and at country levels to further decrease emissions through the use of negative emissions technologies particularly in the electricity generation sector.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program,No 72133003)。
文摘Some research on climate change has been the basis of climate change denialism(here-after,CCD is used to refer to denial,denialism,and deniers).There is formative knowledge about the role of political propaganda in climate policies and resulting outcomes.Tocontribute to the understanding of political ideology and the extent of CCD,we adopt econometric techniques to study the impact of the United States of America's withdrawal from the Paris Agreement.The results show that ideological political propaganda haspsychological and philosophical consequences that impact climate change policies.In addition,we find that the effect of a state's economic growth on climate change is mediated by CCD.In particular,low-income capitalist states have a higher propensity to become CCDs because they are more likely to engage in economic expansion even at the expense of environmental sustainability.Global climate change policies depend on high-income nations and industries'willingness to adopt economic policies to achieve sus-tainable future development.Thus,this study fills the literature gap on the relationship between political ideology and climate change.The findings show that CCD significantlyinfluences voting patterns and socioeconomic outcomes.It impedes states from achieving net-zero emissions and carbon neutrality and it is used as a political propaganda.Subject to these findings,relevant policy suggestions are offered.
基金supported by the funding of Belt and Road Research Institute,Xiamen University(No:1500-X2101200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program,No 72133003).
文摘Carbon emission is inevitable,and changes with energy consumption and economic development,presents policy options toward sustainable development path.Currently,there is little assurance from policymakers in committing to climate change pledges:taking the Middle-East and North African(MENA)region as a specific case with using 2019 as a cut-off period.We conducted an interim assessment of the Paris Agreement to ascertain whether climate actions are in tandem with emissions reduction targets.Making use of difference-in-difference technique as a quasiexperiment supported by fixed-effects and placebo treatment models,the results point to evidence of less than 1%effective CO_(2) emissions reduction as of 2019 compared to the 2015 level.The current carbon emissions reduction commitment level is far-reaching contrary to the Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs)pledged(16.43%on average by 2030 compared to the 2015 level).The analysis suggests that achieving NDCs commitments are currently major burden on policymakers since the economic development is highly linked with nonrenewable energy consumption.Furthermore,a more comprehensive framework when accounting for all available renewable and clean energy projects shows reduction levels in the range of 30%-40%from 2020 to 2030.These results suggest that the Paris Agreement in MENA countries may be more effective from 2020,thus underscore the importance of capturing ongoing projects(involving renewable and clean energy technologies)into interim policy assessment.The shared implication is that greater efforts are demanded from the region and at country levels to further decrease emissions through the use of negative emissions technologies particularly in the electricity generation sector.