驾驶分心对驾驶人的道路行车环境感知水平有极大影响,为了分析草原公路不同分心状态对驾驶人视觉感知特性的影响,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路行车场景驾驶模拟试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪采集驾驶人正常行车、认知分心(免提语音)...驾驶分心对驾驶人的道路行车环境感知水平有极大影响,为了分析草原公路不同分心状态对驾驶人视觉感知特性的影响,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路行车场景驾驶模拟试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪采集驾驶人正常行车、认知分心(免提语音)及复合分心(接收与发送手机信息)3种状态下的注视、眼跳数据,应用注视转移理论、熵值理论及统计学方法对比分析正常驾驶及2种不同分心状态下驾驶人的注视时长、眼跳频率、注视转移概率、注视熵等典型视觉特性指标,并采用安德鲁斯曲线降维可视化不同状态下视觉特性的差异性。数据分析结果表明:认知分心时驾驶人的平均注视时长显著大于正常行驶,复合分心时则显著小于正常行驶;复合分心时眼跳频率最大,认知分心时眼跳频率最小;相较于正常行驶状态,认知分心时驾驶人注视转移更多分布在道路前方各兴趣区域间,转移路径集中,注视点转移无序性小;复合分心时驾驶人在车内与道路前方之间的转移概率显著增加,注视熵显著增加。说明就感知特性而言,复合分心影响更大。展开更多
为了分析草原公路行车环境常见随机风险点驾驶人的动态视觉特征,将随机风险点按照相对位置及所处状态进行分类,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路实驾试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪同步采集驾驶人的眼动数据,对比分析驾驶人行经不同类别风...为了分析草原公路行车环境常见随机风险点驾驶人的动态视觉特征,将随机风险点按照相对位置及所处状态进行分类,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路实驾试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪同步采集驾驶人的眼动数据,对比分析驾驶人行经不同类别风险点的注视时长、注视次数及注视点转移特征及差异性。研究结果表明,驾驶人在有随机风险的情形下平均注视时长均较长,且在路内停车风险点处注视时长最长,超车切入与路侧动物风险点相近,路侧停车次之,注视次数规律则相反。一旦出现随机风险时,驾驶人除了将道路区域作为主要获取信息区域外,还会选择风险点所处的区域作为辅助区域来补充信息的获取,且对处于运动状态的风险关注程度更多。在路内随机风险点驾驶人注视区域相对集中,视觉转移路径较单一,而在路侧随机风险点,驾驶人的注视区域广,注视转移路径分散,无序性增加,带来的视觉负荷更大。展开更多
Single-event transient pulse quenching (Quenching effect) is employed to effectively mitigate WSET (SET pulse width). It en- hanced along with the increased charge sharing which is norm for future advanced technol...Single-event transient pulse quenching (Quenching effect) is employed to effectively mitigate WSET (SET pulse width). It en- hanced along with the increased charge sharing which is norm for future advanced technologies. As technology scales, param- eter variation is another serious issue that significantly affects circuit's performance and single-event response. Monte Carlo simulations combined with TCAD (Technology Computer-Aided Design) simulations are conducted on a six-stage inverter chain to identify and quantify the impact of charge sharing and parameter variation on pulse quenching. Studies show that charge sharing induce a wider WSET spread range. The difference of WSET range between no quenching and quenching is smaller in NMOS (N-Channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) simulation than that in PMOS' (P-Channel Met- N-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), so that from parameter variation view, quenching is beneficial in PMOS SET mitigation. The individual parameter analysis indicates that gate oxide thickness (TOXE) and channel length variation (XL) mostly affect SET response of combinational circuits. They bring 14.58% and 19.73% average WSET difference probabilities for no-quenching cases, and 105.56% and 123.32% for quenching cases.展开更多
文摘驾驶分心对驾驶人的道路行车环境感知水平有极大影响,为了分析草原公路不同分心状态对驾驶人视觉感知特性的影响,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路行车场景驾驶模拟试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪采集驾驶人正常行车、认知分心(免提语音)及复合分心(接收与发送手机信息)3种状态下的注视、眼跳数据,应用注视转移理论、熵值理论及统计学方法对比分析正常驾驶及2种不同分心状态下驾驶人的注视时长、眼跳频率、注视转移概率、注视熵等典型视觉特性指标,并采用安德鲁斯曲线降维可视化不同状态下视觉特性的差异性。数据分析结果表明:认知分心时驾驶人的平均注视时长显著大于正常行驶,复合分心时则显著小于正常行驶;复合分心时眼跳频率最大,认知分心时眼跳频率最小;相较于正常行驶状态,认知分心时驾驶人注视转移更多分布在道路前方各兴趣区域间,转移路径集中,注视点转移无序性小;复合分心时驾驶人在车内与道路前方之间的转移概率显著增加,注视熵显著增加。说明就感知特性而言,复合分心影响更大。
文摘为了分析草原公路行车环境常见随机风险点驾驶人的动态视觉特征,将随机风险点按照相对位置及所处状态进行分类,选取14名驾驶人开展典型草原公路实驾试验,使用I view X HED眼动仪同步采集驾驶人的眼动数据,对比分析驾驶人行经不同类别风险点的注视时长、注视次数及注视点转移特征及差异性。研究结果表明,驾驶人在有随机风险的情形下平均注视时长均较长,且在路内停车风险点处注视时长最长,超车切入与路侧动物风险点相近,路侧停车次之,注视次数规律则相反。一旦出现随机风险时,驾驶人除了将道路区域作为主要获取信息区域外,还会选择风险点所处的区域作为辅助区域来补充信息的获取,且对处于运动状态的风险关注程度更多。在路内随机风险点驾驶人注视区域相对集中,视觉转移路径较单一,而在路侧随机风险点,驾驶人的注视区域广,注视转移路径分散,无序性增加,带来的视觉负荷更大。
基金supported by the Harbin Science and Innovation Research.(Grant No.2012RFXXG042)
文摘Single-event transient pulse quenching (Quenching effect) is employed to effectively mitigate WSET (SET pulse width). It en- hanced along with the increased charge sharing which is norm for future advanced technologies. As technology scales, param- eter variation is another serious issue that significantly affects circuit's performance and single-event response. Monte Carlo simulations combined with TCAD (Technology Computer-Aided Design) simulations are conducted on a six-stage inverter chain to identify and quantify the impact of charge sharing and parameter variation on pulse quenching. Studies show that charge sharing induce a wider WSET spread range. The difference of WSET range between no quenching and quenching is smaller in NMOS (N-Channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) simulation than that in PMOS' (P-Channel Met- N-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), so that from parameter variation view, quenching is beneficial in PMOS SET mitigation. The individual parameter analysis indicates that gate oxide thickness (TOXE) and channel length variation (XL) mostly affect SET response of combinational circuits. They bring 14.58% and 19.73% average WSET difference probabilities for no-quenching cases, and 105.56% and 123.32% for quenching cases.