The practical application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,as promising next-generation batteries,is hindered by their shuttle effect and the slow redox kinetics.Herein,a tungsten and molybdenum nitride heterostructur...The practical application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,as promising next-generation batteries,is hindered by their shuttle effect and the slow redox kinetics.Herein,a tungsten and molybdenum nitride heterostructure functionalized with hollow metal-organic framework-derived carbon(W_(2)N/Mo_(2)N)was proposed as the sulfur host.The hollow spherical structure provides storage space for sulfur,enhances electrical conductivity,and inhibits volume expansion.The metal atoms in the nitrides bonded with lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)through Lewis covalent bonds,enhancing the high catalytic activity of the nitrides and effectively reducing the energy barrier of Li PSs redox conversion.Moreover,the high intrinsic conductivity of nitrides and the ability of the heterostructure interface to accelerate electron/ion transport improved the Li+transmission.By leveraging the combined properties of strong adsorption and high catalytic activity,the sulfur host effectively inhibited the shuttle effect and accelerated the redox kinetics of Li PSs.High-efficiency Li+transmission,strong adsorption,and the efficient catalytic conversion activities of Li PSs in the heterostructure were experimentally and theoretically verified.The results indicate that the W_(2)N/Mo_(2)N cathode provides stable,and long-term cycling(over 2000 cycles)at 3 C with a low attenuation rate of 0.0196%per cycle.The design strategy of a twinborn nitride heterostructure thus provides a functionalized solution for advanced Li-S batteries.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to estimate the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the Chinese population,specially comparing the North and South regions.Methods:We designed a ...Objective:This study aimed to estimate the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the Chinese population,specially comparing the North and South regions.Methods:We designed a questionnaire survey for patients diagnosed with IBD and conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed,China National Knowledge Internet,and Wanfang digital database,covering studies published between 2012 and 2022.Meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall incidence rate and prevalence of clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)in China's Mainland.Clinical phenotypes and demographic characteristics were calculated with 95%confidence intervals(CI).A comparison between the northern and southern regions was also conducted.Results:The questionnaire survey included 440 patients,and 64 publications were included for Meta-analysis.The overall incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were 1.36(95%CI:0.79-2.33)per 100,000 person-years,0.23(95%CI:0.09-0.58)per 100,000 person-years,and 1.12(95%CI:0.69-1.80)per 100,000 person-years,respectively.The incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were all higher in southern China compared to the North.Clinical characteristics of 440 IBD patients from the questionnaire and 2,821 CD patients and 12,809 UC patients from the literature were analyzed.There were more male patients compared to female patients.CD cases in the North exhibited earlier disease diagnosis(P<0.01),more upper gastrointestinal lesions(P<0.01),and higher hospitalizations rates(P<0.01)compared to the South.UC cases in the North had higher severity(P<0.01),anemia rates(P<0.01),and weight loss(P<0.01)compared to the South.Conclusions:The incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were higher in southern China than in the North.Northern patients exhibited more severe symptoms compared to their southern counterparts.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52202104)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021T140433,2020M683408)+6 种基金the Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LZY23B030002)the Quzhou Science and Technology Bureau Project (2021D006)the International Cooperation Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2021YFH0126)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZYGX2020ZB016)the Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province China (202103AA080019)the Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects (202202AG050003)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Advanced Technique&Preparation for Renewable Energy Materials,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Normal University (OF2022-04)。
文摘The practical application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,as promising next-generation batteries,is hindered by their shuttle effect and the slow redox kinetics.Herein,a tungsten and molybdenum nitride heterostructure functionalized with hollow metal-organic framework-derived carbon(W_(2)N/Mo_(2)N)was proposed as the sulfur host.The hollow spherical structure provides storage space for sulfur,enhances electrical conductivity,and inhibits volume expansion.The metal atoms in the nitrides bonded with lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)through Lewis covalent bonds,enhancing the high catalytic activity of the nitrides and effectively reducing the energy barrier of Li PSs redox conversion.Moreover,the high intrinsic conductivity of nitrides and the ability of the heterostructure interface to accelerate electron/ion transport improved the Li+transmission.By leveraging the combined properties of strong adsorption and high catalytic activity,the sulfur host effectively inhibited the shuttle effect and accelerated the redox kinetics of Li PSs.High-efficiency Li+transmission,strong adsorption,and the efficient catalytic conversion activities of Li PSs in the heterostructure were experimentally and theoretically verified.The results indicate that the W_(2)N/Mo_(2)N cathode provides stable,and long-term cycling(over 2000 cycles)at 3 C with a low attenuation rate of 0.0196%per cycle.The design strategy of a twinborn nitride heterostructure thus provides a functionalized solution for advanced Li-S batteries.
基金This study is approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(KY2021-049).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to estimate the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the Chinese population,specially comparing the North and South regions.Methods:We designed a questionnaire survey for patients diagnosed with IBD and conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed,China National Knowledge Internet,and Wanfang digital database,covering studies published between 2012 and 2022.Meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall incidence rate and prevalence of clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)in China's Mainland.Clinical phenotypes and demographic characteristics were calculated with 95%confidence intervals(CI).A comparison between the northern and southern regions was also conducted.Results:The questionnaire survey included 440 patients,and 64 publications were included for Meta-analysis.The overall incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were 1.36(95%CI:0.79-2.33)per 100,000 person-years,0.23(95%CI:0.09-0.58)per 100,000 person-years,and 1.12(95%CI:0.69-1.80)per 100,000 person-years,respectively.The incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were all higher in southern China compared to the North.Clinical characteristics of 440 IBD patients from the questionnaire and 2,821 CD patients and 12,809 UC patients from the literature were analyzed.There were more male patients compared to female patients.CD cases in the North exhibited earlier disease diagnosis(P<0.01),more upper gastrointestinal lesions(P<0.01),and higher hospitalizations rates(P<0.01)compared to the South.UC cases in the North had higher severity(P<0.01),anemia rates(P<0.01),and weight loss(P<0.01)compared to the South.Conclusions:The incidence rates of IBD,CD,and UC were higher in southern China than in the North.Northern patients exhibited more severe symptoms compared to their southern counterparts.
