针对具有初始各向异性的间断级配砂土细粒潜蚀问题,引入可以考虑颗粒投影面积影响的Ganser拖曳力计算模型,实现非球形颗粒的计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元(discrete element method,简称DEM)的双相耦...针对具有初始各向异性的间断级配砂土细粒潜蚀问题,引入可以考虑颗粒投影面积影响的Ganser拖曳力计算模型,实现非球形颗粒的计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元(discrete element method,简称DEM)的双相耦合。通过与单颗粒下沉试验的对比,验证了该数值方法在解决异形颗粒与流体相互作用时的适用性。在此基础上,生成具有不同沉积方向和不同细粒含量的初始各向异性试样,模拟向上渗流潜蚀试验,并在试验中监测细粒流失量、强弱力链组成以及颗粒组构变化等宏微观特性,研究不同充填状态下(欠填充和过填充)不同组构各向异性土体渗流潜蚀特征。之后,对受潜蚀前后的试样进行了排水三轴试验,探究渗流对土体强度弱化的影响。结果表明,过填充试样质量损失随着颗粒沉积角度的增大而增大,而欠填充试样质量损失随沉积角度先增大后减小;欠填充试样细粒损失主要来源于低连通性细颗粒,而对于过填充试样,潜蚀则会导致低连通性和高连通性细颗粒数量同时减小。此外,三轴试验表明,潜蚀致土体峰值强度发生显著弱化,且峰值强度随沉积角度的变化也会受到土体充填状态的影响。展开更多
The discrete element method was used to investigate the microscopic characteristics of granular materials under simple shear loading conditions. A series of simple tests on photo-elastic materials were used as a bench...The discrete element method was used to investigate the microscopic characteristics of granular materials under simple shear loading conditions. A series of simple tests on photo-elastic materials were used as a benchmark. With respect to the original experimental observations, average micro-variables such as the shear stress, shear strain and the volumetric dilatancy were extracted to illustrate the performance of the DEM simulation. The change of anisotropic density distributions of contact normals and contact forces was demonstrated during the course of simple shear. On the basis of microscopic characteristics, an analytical approach was further used to explore the macroscopic behaviors involving anisotropic shear strength and anisotropic stress-dilatancy. This results show that under simple shear loading, anisotropic shear strength arises primarily due to the difference between principal directions of the stress and the fabric. In addition, non-coaxiality, referring to the difference between principal directions of the strain rate and the stress, generates less stress-dilatancy. In particular, the anisotropic hardening and anisotropic stress-dilatancy will reduce to the isotropic hardening and the classical Taylor’s stress-dilatancy under proportional loading.展开更多
The aim of this study is to numerically investigate the influence of particle breakage on the mechanical behavior of granular materials using a discrete element method(DEM). To enable particle crushing, non-crushable ...The aim of this study is to numerically investigate the influence of particle breakage on the mechanical behavior of granular materials using a discrete element method(DEM). To enable particle crushing, non-crushable elementary particles are boned together to represents the granular aggregates which can be crushed when the external force exceeds its strength. The flaw of the aggregate was also modeled by randomly distributed void. Single particle crushing tests were carried out to determine the distribution of particle strength. The results of single particle crushing tests illustrate that the simulated single particle fracture strength and pattern agree well with the Weibull's distribution equation.Conventional oedometer tests, drained monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests were also carried out to investigate the crushing of the aggregates and the associated mechanical behaviors. The effect of confining pressure on the crushing of aggregates and the mechanical behavior was also analyzed. It was found that the peak stress and dilation decrease significantly when particle crushing was considered.The deformation behavior of the specimen is essentially controlled by two factors: particle rearrangement-induced dilation and particle crushing-induced contraction. The increase of permanent strain and the reduction of dilation were observed during cyclic loading and they tend to reach a stable state after a certain number of cycles. The crushing of aggregate is most significant in the first two cycles. The results also indicated that for the same axial strain the volumetric strain and the bound breakage in the cyclic loading tests are significantly larger than that in the monotonic loading tests,especially at high cyclic stress ratio.展开更多
文摘针对具有初始各向异性的间断级配砂土细粒潜蚀问题,引入可以考虑颗粒投影面积影响的Ganser拖曳力计算模型,实现非球形颗粒的计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元(discrete element method,简称DEM)的双相耦合。通过与单颗粒下沉试验的对比,验证了该数值方法在解决异形颗粒与流体相互作用时的适用性。在此基础上,生成具有不同沉积方向和不同细粒含量的初始各向异性试样,模拟向上渗流潜蚀试验,并在试验中监测细粒流失量、强弱力链组成以及颗粒组构变化等宏微观特性,研究不同充填状态下(欠填充和过填充)不同组构各向异性土体渗流潜蚀特征。之后,对受潜蚀前后的试样进行了排水三轴试验,探究渗流对土体强度弱化的影响。结果表明,过填充试样质量损失随着颗粒沉积角度的增大而增大,而欠填充试样质量损失随沉积角度先增大后减小;欠填充试样细粒损失主要来源于低连通性细颗粒,而对于过填充试样,潜蚀则会导致低连通性和高连通性细颗粒数量同时减小。此外,三轴试验表明,潜蚀致土体峰值强度发生显著弱化,且峰值强度随沉积角度的变化也会受到土体充填状态的影响。
基金Foundation item： Projects（10972159, 41272291, 51238009） supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of the central Universities
文摘The discrete element method was used to investigate the microscopic characteristics of granular materials under simple shear loading conditions. A series of simple tests on photo-elastic materials were used as a benchmark. With respect to the original experimental observations, average micro-variables such as the shear stress, shear strain and the volumetric dilatancy were extracted to illustrate the performance of the DEM simulation. The change of anisotropic density distributions of contact normals and contact forces was demonstrated during the course of simple shear. On the basis of microscopic characteristics, an analytical approach was further used to explore the macroscopic behaviors involving anisotropic shear strength and anisotropic stress-dilatancy. This results show that under simple shear loading, anisotropic shear strength arises primarily due to the difference between principal directions of the stress and the fabric. In addition, non-coaxiality, referring to the difference between principal directions of the strain rate and the stress, generates less stress-dilatancy. In particular, the anisotropic hardening and anisotropic stress-dilatancy will reduce to the isotropic hardening and the classical Taylor’s stress-dilatancy under proportional loading.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51578413,51238009 and 41272291)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The aim of this study is to numerically investigate the influence of particle breakage on the mechanical behavior of granular materials using a discrete element method(DEM). To enable particle crushing, non-crushable elementary particles are boned together to represents the granular aggregates which can be crushed when the external force exceeds its strength. The flaw of the aggregate was also modeled by randomly distributed void. Single particle crushing tests were carried out to determine the distribution of particle strength. The results of single particle crushing tests illustrate that the simulated single particle fracture strength and pattern agree well with the Weibull's distribution equation.Conventional oedometer tests, drained monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests were also carried out to investigate the crushing of the aggregates and the associated mechanical behaviors. The effect of confining pressure on the crushing of aggregates and the mechanical behavior was also analyzed. It was found that the peak stress and dilation decrease significantly when particle crushing was considered.The deformation behavior of the specimen is essentially controlled by two factors: particle rearrangement-induced dilation and particle crushing-induced contraction. The increase of permanent strain and the reduction of dilation were observed during cyclic loading and they tend to reach a stable state after a certain number of cycles. The crushing of aggregate is most significant in the first two cycles. The results also indicated that for the same axial strain the volumetric strain and the bound breakage in the cyclic loading tests are significantly larger than that in the monotonic loading tests,especially at high cyclic stress ratio.
