Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta（TGF-β） superfamily, is a dominant inhibitor that acts to limit skeletal muscle growth and development. In this study, we generated transgenic mice that exp...Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta（TGF-β） superfamily, is a dominant inhibitor that acts to limit skeletal muscle growth and development. In this study, we generated transgenic mice that express porcine myostatin containg mutations at its cleavage site（RSRR） to evaluate its effect on muscle mass. Results showed that the weight of four skeletal muscles including gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and pectoralis increased by 17.83 and 28.39%, 21.76 and 28.70%, 34.31 and 41.62%, 53.21 and 27.54% in transgenic male and female mice, respectively, compared to their corresponding non-transgenic control mice. Measurement of muscle fiber size and number indicated that the mean myofiber size increased by 50.73 and 61.30% in transgenic male and female mice respectively compared to the non-transgenic controls. However, there was no difference in the number of myofiber between transgenic and non-transgenic male mice. These results clearly demonstrated that the increase in skeletal muscle mass in transgenic mice is caused by hypertrophy instead of hyperplasia.展开更多
Myostatin(MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and development. The skeletal muscle in MSTN^(-/-)mice is significantly hypertrophied, with muscle fiber type II increasing significantly while muscle ...Myostatin(MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and development. The skeletal muscle in MSTN^(-/-)mice is significantly hypertrophied, with muscle fiber type II increasing significantly while muscle fiber type I decreasing.However, it is still not clear how the skeletal muscle types change in MSTN^(-/-)pigs, and how the mechanism for MSTN regulates fiber types, especially in large animals like pigs. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the composition of skeletal muscle fibers in MSTN^(-/-)pigs produced in our laboratory. It was observed that, compared with wild-type(WT) pigs, both the total mass of skeletal muscle and type IIb muscle fibers increased significantly(P<0.01),while the type I and type IIa muscle fibers decreased significantly(P<0.01), in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs. In addition, to explore the influence of MSTN on muscle fiber type and its regulation mechanism in the embryonic stage, this study selected a few genes(Myf5, Mef2 d, MyoD and Six1) associated with muscle fiber type and validated their expression by quantitative RT-PCR. Herein, it was found that Myh7, Myh2, Myh4 and Myh1 can be detected in the skeletal muscle of pigs at 65 days of gestation(dg). Compared with WT pigs, in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs, Myh7 decreased significantly(P<0.01), while Myh4(P<0.001) and Myh1(P<0.05) increased significantly. Meanwhile, the increased expression of Myf5(P<0.05), Mef2 d(P<0.01) and Six1(P<0.05) in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs suggested that MSTN should regulate the directional development of muscle fiber types in the early stage of embryonic development. Thus, at the embryonic stage, the type II muscle fibers began to increase in MSTN^(-/-)pigs. These results can provide valuable information not only for pig meat quality improvement, but also for the study of human skeletal muscle development and disease treatment.展开更多
Objective： To observe the influence of treatment based on Chinese medicine pattem identification on cellular immunophenotype of the myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS）. Methods： Sixty patients with MDS were randomly an...Objective： To observe the influence of treatment based on Chinese medicine pattem identification on cellular immunophenotype of the myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS）. Methods： Sixty patients with MDS were randomly and equally assigned to the treatment group and the control group using a randomized digital table. Thirty patients in each group included 3 risk levels （low, moderate and high risks） with each level 10 patients according to the international prognostic scoring system. The control group was given conventional therapy which was also used in the treatment group. While the treatment group was given Zuogui Pill （左归丸） and Yougui Pill （右归丸） for low risk patients; Qingwen Baidu Decoction （清瘟败毒饮） and Bazhen Decoction （八珍汤） for moderate risk patients; Gexia Zhuyu Decoction （膈下逐瘀汤） and Qinghao Biejia Decoction （青蒿鳖甲汤） combined with Shiquan Dabu Decoction （十全大补汤 ） for high risk patients. After the treatment, the differences of overatl response rate and immunophenotype （CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33 and CD34） of each group were analyzed. Results： The overall response rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group in low risk and moderate risk patients （P=0.029）, there was no statistical differences of overall response rate between the treatment group and the control group in high risk patients （P=0.089）. The expressions of CD13, CD14, CD33 and CD34 in all three risk levels of the treatment group were obviously decreased after the treatment, while CD15 in all three risk levels of the treatment group was obviously increased after the treatment （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, the difference values of CD13 and CD33 in low risk level of the treatment group, CD33 and CD34 in moderate risk level of the treatment group as well as CD34 and CD15 in high risk level of the treatment group, were all greater than the control groups and they were statistically significant （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusions： It shows a better therapeutic effect if the MDS patients treated with Chinese medicine pattern identification in addition to conventional therapy. Since the treatment may inhibit the malignant clones and improve the dysmaturity of granulocyte differentiation, it is a feasible option in clinical practice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30901022)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(ASTIPIAS05)the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB943100)
文摘Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta（TGF-β） superfamily, is a dominant inhibitor that acts to limit skeletal muscle growth and development. In this study, we generated transgenic mice that express porcine myostatin containg mutations at its cleavage site（RSRR） to evaluate its effect on muscle mass. Results showed that the weight of four skeletal muscles including gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and pectoralis increased by 17.83 and 28.39%, 21.76 and 28.70%, 34.31 and 41.62%, 53.21 and 27.54% in transgenic male and female mice, respectively, compared to their corresponding non-transgenic control mice. Measurement of muscle fiber size and number indicated that the mean myofiber size increased by 50.73 and 61.30% in transgenic male and female mice respectively compared to the non-transgenic controls. However, there was no difference in the number of myofiber between transgenic and non-transgenic male mice. These results clearly demonstrated that the increase in skeletal muscle mass in transgenic mice is caused by hypertrophy instead of hyperplasia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81800215)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2017BH032)the National Transgenic Project of China(2014ZX08006003,2016ZX08006-001)。
文摘Myostatin(MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and development. The skeletal muscle in MSTN^(-/-)mice is significantly hypertrophied, with muscle fiber type II increasing significantly while muscle fiber type I decreasing.However, it is still not clear how the skeletal muscle types change in MSTN^(-/-)pigs, and how the mechanism for MSTN regulates fiber types, especially in large animals like pigs. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the composition of skeletal muscle fibers in MSTN^(-/-)pigs produced in our laboratory. It was observed that, compared with wild-type(WT) pigs, both the total mass of skeletal muscle and type IIb muscle fibers increased significantly(P<0.01),while the type I and type IIa muscle fibers decreased significantly(P<0.01), in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs. In addition, to explore the influence of MSTN on muscle fiber type and its regulation mechanism in the embryonic stage, this study selected a few genes(Myf5, Mef2 d, MyoD and Six1) associated with muscle fiber type and validated their expression by quantitative RT-PCR. Herein, it was found that Myh7, Myh2, Myh4 and Myh1 can be detected in the skeletal muscle of pigs at 65 days of gestation(dg). Compared with WT pigs, in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs, Myh7 decreased significantly(P<0.01), while Myh4(P<0.001) and Myh1(P<0.05) increased significantly. Meanwhile, the increased expression of Myf5(P<0.05), Mef2 d(P<0.01) and Six1(P<0.05) in MSTN^(-/-)Meishan pigs suggested that MSTN should regulate the directional development of muscle fiber types in the early stage of embryonic development. Thus, at the embryonic stage, the type II muscle fibers began to increase in MSTN^(-/-)pigs. These results can provide valuable information not only for pig meat quality improvement, but also for the study of human skeletal muscle development and disease treatment.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Youth Talent Program(No.2012ZQ010),China
文摘Objective： To observe the influence of treatment based on Chinese medicine pattem identification on cellular immunophenotype of the myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS）. Methods： Sixty patients with MDS were randomly and equally assigned to the treatment group and the control group using a randomized digital table. Thirty patients in each group included 3 risk levels （low, moderate and high risks） with each level 10 patients according to the international prognostic scoring system. The control group was given conventional therapy which was also used in the treatment group. While the treatment group was given Zuogui Pill （左归丸） and Yougui Pill （右归丸） for low risk patients; Qingwen Baidu Decoction （清瘟败毒饮） and Bazhen Decoction （八珍汤） for moderate risk patients; Gexia Zhuyu Decoction （膈下逐瘀汤） and Qinghao Biejia Decoction （青蒿鳖甲汤） combined with Shiquan Dabu Decoction （十全大补汤 ） for high risk patients. After the treatment, the differences of overatl response rate and immunophenotype （CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33 and CD34） of each group were analyzed. Results： The overall response rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group in low risk and moderate risk patients （P=0.029）, there was no statistical differences of overall response rate between the treatment group and the control group in high risk patients （P=0.089）. The expressions of CD13, CD14, CD33 and CD34 in all three risk levels of the treatment group were obviously decreased after the treatment, while CD15 in all three risk levels of the treatment group was obviously increased after the treatment （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, the difference values of CD13 and CD33 in low risk level of the treatment group, CD33 and CD34 in moderate risk level of the treatment group as well as CD34 and CD15 in high risk level of the treatment group, were all greater than the control groups and they were statistically significant （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusions： It shows a better therapeutic effect if the MDS patients treated with Chinese medicine pattern identification in addition to conventional therapy. Since the treatment may inhibit the malignant clones and improve the dysmaturity of granulocyte differentiation, it is a feasible option in clinical practice.
