Scrub typhus is an acute febrile vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular growth bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi(Ot).Mites are the primary vectors and rodents play a pivotal role in the tran...Scrub typhus is an acute febrile vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular growth bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi(Ot).Mites are the primary vectors and rodents play a pivotal role in the transmission of scrub typhus.Due to the climate warming,increased human activity and other factors,cases of scrub typhus have been increased sharply during the past decade in China,especially in the northern China.To understand the incidence trend,epidemic pattern,clinical sign,diagnosis and therapy of this diseases as well as genotype evolution of Orientia tsutsugamushi,we summarized and analyzed the current knowledge of scrub typhus in China from 2010 to 2020.The data indicated that the dominate genotypes of scrub typhus in China were Karp,Kato and Gilliam.Although the disease was distributed national wide,Yunnan,Guangzhou and Fujian showed the highest incidence rate.The main vector of scrub typhus in southwest,middle east and southeast of China appeared a geographic preference respectively.Seasonal timing,age and occupation were the key factors that relate to the peak incidence of scrub typhus.Notably,farmer was the occupation with the highest risk of Ot infection.Further study on the epidemic characteristics,risk factors,diagnosis and treatments of scrub typhus will be of benefit to a comprehensive guideline for prevention and control of this ancient disease.展开更多
基金High-level Talent Project of the Hainan Province (No.820RC628)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82060378,81860367)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation Youth Project of Hainan Province (No.820QN267)Cultivation Fund of Hainan Medical College (No.HYPY201919)。
文摘Scrub typhus is an acute febrile vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular growth bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi(Ot).Mites are the primary vectors and rodents play a pivotal role in the transmission of scrub typhus.Due to the climate warming,increased human activity and other factors,cases of scrub typhus have been increased sharply during the past decade in China,especially in the northern China.To understand the incidence trend,epidemic pattern,clinical sign,diagnosis and therapy of this diseases as well as genotype evolution of Orientia tsutsugamushi,we summarized and analyzed the current knowledge of scrub typhus in China from 2010 to 2020.The data indicated that the dominate genotypes of scrub typhus in China were Karp,Kato and Gilliam.Although the disease was distributed national wide,Yunnan,Guangzhou and Fujian showed the highest incidence rate.The main vector of scrub typhus in southwest,middle east and southeast of China appeared a geographic preference respectively.Seasonal timing,age and occupation were the key factors that relate to the peak incidence of scrub typhus.Notably,farmer was the occupation with the highest risk of Ot infection.Further study on the epidemic characteristics,risk factors,diagnosis and treatments of scrub typhus will be of benefit to a comprehensive guideline for prevention and control of this ancient disease.
文摘目的 观察缺氧心肌细胞来源外泌体对Gli1 +细胞纤维化过程的影响,并探讨其可能的机制。方法 分离Gli1 +细胞和SD乳鼠心肌细胞。心肌细胞分别进行常氧和缺氧培养,收集培养基并提取外泌体,用透射电镜、Nanosight、Western blot等方法对其鉴定。两种外泌体分别与Gli1 +细胞共培养。RT-qPCR法检测这两种外泌体并对比分析,明确其中起关键调控作用的miRNA。转染miRNA模拟物观察Gli1 +细胞中纤维化相关蛋白的表达水平。结果 Gli1 +细胞强阳性表达CD29、CD105和Gli1,不表达CD31、CD34和CD45。心肌细胞表达cTnT和α-Actinin,其外泌体直径约100 nm,并检测到Flotillin-1、Alix、HSP-70和CD63。缺氧处理外泌体中miR-223明显上调( P <0.01);Gli1 +细胞经缺氧外泌体和 miR-223 mimic处理,纤维化相关的蛋白α-SMA( P <0.01, P <0.05)、DDR-2( P <0.01, P <0.01)和collagen I( P <0.05, P <0.01)的表达都明显升高。结论 缺氧心肌细胞外泌体能促进Gli1 +细胞内纤维化相关蛋白的表达,使其向纤维化表型转换,这一作用可能与外泌体中高表达的miR-223有关。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1601227 81330007)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Key Projects of Guangdong Province China (No. 2015B020225006)
