Advances of Genetic Testing Technology in Etiology Diagnosis of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with multiple etiologies. Genetic factors are thought to play an important role in the etiology of RSA. With recent advances in genetic testing technologies, there has been an increasing interest in using these tools to diagnose the etiology of RSA. This review discusses the different types of genetic testing methods, such as karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis, next-generation sequencing, and their applications in the diagnosis of the etiology RSA. The use of genetic testing in the diagnosis of RSA has the potential to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disorder, which could lead to better management and treatment of affected individuals.

家属同步阶段性认知疗法配合心理干预对乳腺癌患者家庭功能、希望水平、心理一致感及生活质量的影响

目的:探究家属同步阶段性认知疗法配合心理干预对乳腺癌患者家庭功能、希望水平、心理一致感及生活质量的影响。方法:选取我院130例行择期改良根治术治疗的乳腺癌患者为研究对象,根据入院编号并采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各65例。对照组给予常规干预及心理干预,观察组则在对照组基础上予以家属同步阶段性认知疗法干预。比较两组入院与出院时家庭功能[家庭功能评定量表(FAD)]、希望水平[成人特质希望量表(ADHS)]、心理一致感[心理一致感量表(SOC-13)]、心理弹性[中文版心理弹性问卷(CD-RISC)]及生活质量[乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)]差异。结果:出院时,两组家庭功能指标(FAD评分)均较入院时降低(t=15.497,12.470;P<0.05),希望水平(ADHS评分)、心理一致感(SOC-13评分)、心理弹性(CD-RISC评分)、生活质量(FACT-B评分)则较入院时升高(t=-17.184,-12.843,-17.627,-13.696,-15.982,-11.774,-13.285,-14.310;P<0.05),且观察组变化幅度均大于对照组(t=-6.337,6.254,3.438,3.592,3.446;P<0.05)。结论:家属同步阶段性认知疗法配合心理干预对乳腺癌患者干预效果显著,可改善患者家庭功能,并提升其希望水平,还能提高患者对生活的适应及应对能力,于患者预后有利。

化疗患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管相关性感染危险因素分析

目的探讨化疗患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)留置后导管相关性感染的危险因素。方法选取接受化疗且接受PICC治疗的260例患者为研究对象,记录患者PICC留置期间感染发生率,并进行病原菌分布检测,对PICC相关性感染的危险因素进行单因素分析以及多因素Logistic分析。结果260例患者中有35例患者发生PICC导管相关性感染,感染率为13.46%,其中局部感染率为65.71%(23/35),其次为血流感染28.57%(10/35),其他原因为5.71%(2/35)。35例发生PICC感染患者共分离出病原菌48株,病原菌分布依次为:金黄色葡萄球菌43.75%(21/48),表皮葡萄球菌27.08%(13/48),白色假丝酵母菌14.58%(7/48),鲍氏不动杆菌8.33%(4/48),肺炎克雷伯杆菌4.17%(2/48),其他葡萄球菌2.08%(1/48)。导管留置时间≥60 d、化疗疗程≥8次、外周血象异常、换药频次≥7 d、护士置管经验不足、免疫功能低下、有合并症是导致患者出现PICC相关性感染的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论化疗患者PICC导管相关性感染发生率较高,且受多种因素影响,需要结合危险因素以及患者自身情况给予合理的护理措施,以降低PICC留置期间感染率。

微信联合互联网居家护理平台在老年肿瘤患者置入中心静脉导管中的应用

目的探讨微信联合互联网居家护理平台对老年肿瘤患者的经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheters,PICC)的自护水平和应用质量的影响,以对上门护理服务的实行进行初步探索。方法选取2018年12月至2020年12月于川北医学院附属医院应用PICC的240例老年肿瘤患者为研究对象,将就诊顺序为奇数者纳入观察组,偶数者纳入对照组(每组120例)。对照组实施常规PICC护理方案,观察组实施微信联合互联网居家护理服务,比较两组随访1个月和2个月时自护知识水平评分、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)评分、并发症发生率、护理满意度。结果随访2个月后,观察组和对照组各失访2例和5例,最终分别纳入118例和115例;随访1个月和2个月时,观察组自护知识水平各项评分及总分均高于对照组,观察组自护责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平、总分均高于对照组(均P<0.05);干预后观察组自护知识水平和ESCA净效应与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组穿刺部位感染和静脉炎发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论微信联合互联网居家护理平台为应用PICC的老年肿瘤患者创造极大便利,使患者获得便捷且同质的延续护理服务。

乳腺外科医护人员主观幸福感的影响因素分析

目的分析乳腺外科医护人员主观幸福感的影响因素。方法以2018年1月—2020年1月在医院乳腺外科工作的62名医护人员为研究对象,调查医护人员一般资料,采用主观幸福感量表(GWB)对医护人员进行评估,采用Pearson分析法和多元线性回归分析乳腺外科医护人员主观幸福感的影响因素。结果乳腺外科医护人员婚姻态度量表(MAS)和GWB总分分别为53.57±4.37分和72.12±7.14分。单因素分析显示,年龄、性别、职称和婚姻状况是乳腺外科医护人员主观幸福感的影响因素(P<0.05)。主观幸福感与一般婚姻观念、自我婚姻评价及MAS总分呈正相关(r=0.245、0.183、0.263,P均<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、性别、职称、婚姻状况和婚姻态度为乳腺外科医护人员主观幸福感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论乳腺外科医护人员的主观幸福感受年龄、性别、职称、婚姻状况、婚姻态度的因素影响,医院应根据相关影响因素,提高医护人员的主观幸福感,从而促进医院医疗质量的提升。

延续性健康教育对乳腺癌患者术后健康促进生活方式的影响

目的:探讨延续性健康教育对乳腺癌患者术后健康促进生活方式的影响。方法:2016年10月至2017年10月本科室住院确诊为乳腺癌并行改良根治术的264例患者,按照住院号奇偶数分为研究组和对照组,对照组给予常规出院指导,研究组给予延续性健康教育,比较两组患者健康促进生活方式得分情况。结果:研究组患者的健康促进生活方式总得分(20.28±1.40)较对照组总得分(17.89±1.02)高,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:延续性健康教育作为一项延伸性服务,不仅延续了医患关系,也使患者的健康意识明显提高,对健康促进生活方式的各个环节产生了积极的影响,使患者更加重视自我健康的恢复,显著提高了患者的生活质量。

混合教学模式在护理见习教学中的应用研究

目的:探析混合教学模式在护理见习教学中的应用效果。方法:将2017级护理专业两个班级的70名护生作为研究对象,根据班级编号对其进行分组,每组35例。对照组教学中采用传统教学模式,观察组在教学过程中实施混合教学模式,比较两组护生的所学知识掌握程度、学习兴趣提升、考试成绩及满意度。结果:经调查,观察组护生的学习兴趣、分析问题能力、团队意识评分均明显高于对照组,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);观察组护生的案例分析成绩和理论考试成绩均明显高于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护生对教学模式的满意度显著高于对照组,两组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:在护理见习教学中实施混合教学模式可提升护生的学习兴趣,提升护生分析问题的能力和团队意识,同时可提高护生的学习成绩。

“互联网+”延续性护理在乳腺癌患者输液港置入术后的应用

目的:探讨“互联网+”延续性护理在乳腺癌患者输液港置入术后的应用效果。方法:将2019年3月1日~2020年1月31日置入输液港的139例乳腺癌患者随机分为对照组70例和干预组各69例,对照组住院期间采用常规健康教育,干预组在对照组基础上通过“互联网+”平台对患者实施延续性护理干预。比较两组患者出院后依从性、并发症发生率、生命质量、输液港相关知识得分情况。结果:干预组患者出院后依从性高于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),输液港相关知识知晓率高于对照组(P<0.01);干预组乳腺癌患者生命质量总分高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:“互联网+”延续性护理应用于乳腺癌患者输液港置入后,患者依从性明显提高,并发症发生率明显降低,患者生命质量及相关知识掌握情况明显改善。

军工制造业数字化转型的系统方法论

面对军工制造企业、服务商对数字化转型的认识,解决方案存在的不足,分析了军工制造业数字化转型的背景,通过研究先进制造模式、核心竞争力、价值链、生产(力)要素等思想,给出了军工制造业数字化转型的(泛化)目标,提出了亟待解决的若干问题,以及解决复杂系统问题的建议。军工制造业数字化转型是一项长期的战略行动,应依据设定的目标在转型过程中不断调优。

Neuroprotective effects of salidroside on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury involve the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway

Salidroside,the main active ingredient extracted from Rhodiola crenulata,has been shown to be neuroprotective in ischemic cerebral injury,but the underlying mechanism for this neuroprotection is poorly understood.In the current study,the neuroprotective effect of salidroside on cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative stress and the role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（Nrf2）pathway was investigated in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion.Salidroside（30 mg/kg）reduced infarct size,improved neurological function and histological changes,increased activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase,and reduced malon-dialdehyde levels after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.Furthermore,salidroside apparently increased Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression.These results suggest that salidroside exerts its neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia through anti-oxidant mechanisms and that activation of the Nrf2 pathway is involved.The Nrf2/antioxidant response element pathway may become a new therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Numerical Study of Propulsion Mechanism for Oscillating Rigid and Flexible Tuna-Tails

Numerical study on the unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of oscillating rigid and flexible tuna-tails in viscous flow-field is performed. Investigations are conducted using Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes （RANS） equations with a moving adaptive mesh. The effect of swimming speed, flapping amplitude, frequency and flexure amplitude on the propulsion performance of the rigid and flexible tuna-tails are investigated. Computational results reveal that a pair of leading edge vortices develop along the tail surface as it undergoes an oscillating motion. The propulsive efficiency has a strong correlation with various locomotive parameters. Peak propulsive efficiency can be obtained by adjusting these parameters. Particularly, when input power coeffcient is less than 2.8, the rigid tail generates larger thrust force and higher propulsive efficiency than flexible tail. However, when input power coefficient is larger than 2.8, flexible tail is superior to rigid tail.

Protective effect of saturated hydrogen saline against blue light-induced retinal damage in rats

AIM: To explore the effect of saturated hydrogen saline on blue light-induced retinal damage in rats. METHODS: The retinal damage of rats was induced by blue light exposure for 6 hours and examined 8 hours, 16 hours and 24 hours after the exposure. One hundred female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 included 30 rats received light exposure without any other treatment. Group 2 included 30 rats received light exposure with intraperitoneal injection of normal saline. Group 3 included 30 rats received light exposure with intraperitoneal injection of saturated hydrogen saline. And Group 4 included the other 10 rats which did not receive any treatment. The amount of intraperitoneal injection of saturated hydrogen saline and normal saline was calculated in the ratio of 1ml/100g of rat weight. Specimens were collected and processed by H-E staining, ultrastructure observation, biochemical measurement. Morphological changes were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness was measured by IPP 6.0, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by colorimetric determination at 532nm. RESULTS: Although the structure of retina in Group 1 and Group 2 was injured heavily, the injury in Group 3 was mild. The differences between Group 1 and Group 2 were not significant. Compared with the rats in Group 1 and Group 2, the ones in Group 3 had more clearly demarcated retina structure and more ordered cells by light microscope and TEM observation. The ONL thicknesses (400 times) of four groups at each time point except between Group 1 and Group 2 were significantly different (P<0.05). The thicknesses of the ONL in Group 1 at three time points were 30.41 +/- 4.04 mu m, 26.11 +/- 2.82 mu m and 20.63 +/- 1.06 mu m, in Group 2 were 31.62 +/- 4.54 mu m, 25.08 +/- 3.63 mu m and 19.07 +/- 3.86 mu m, in Group 3 were 29.75 +/- 3.62 mu m, 28.83 +/- 1.97 mu m and 27.61 +/- 1.83 mu m. In Group 4 the mean of the thickness was 37.35 +/- 1.37 mu m. As time went by, the damage grew more severely. At 24h point, the differences were most significant. Compared with Group 4, the thickness was 46.23% thinner in Group 1, 50.29% thinner in Group 2 and 28.04% thinner in Group 3. The stack structures of membranous disc in Group 3 were injured slightly, but in Group 1 and Group 2 the damage was more obvious by TEM. Compared with Group 4 at each time point, the content of MDA in Group 1 was higher (P<0.05). The content of MDA in Group 3 was significantly lower than those of Group 1 ( P<0.05) and Group 2 (P<0.05). Between the Group 1 and Group 2, the MDA concentration at each time point was no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Saturated hydrogen saline could protect the retina from light-induced damage by attenuating oxidative stress.

Evaluation of triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus-positive women in cervical cancer screening:A multicenter randomized controlled trial in different resource settings in China

Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus(hrHPV)-positive women in primary healthcare settings in China.Methods:This study was undertaken in 11 rural and 9 urban sites.Women aged 35-64 years old were enrolled.HrHPV-positive women were randomly allocated to liquid-based cytology(LBC),visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine(VIA/VILI)(rural only)triage,or directly referred to colposcopy(direct COLP).At 24 months,hrHPV testing,LBC and VIA/VILI were conducted for combined screening.Results:In rural sites,1,949 hrHPV-positive women were analyzed.A total of 852,218 and 480 women were randomly assigned to direct COLP,LBC and VIA/VILI.At baseline,colposcopy referral rates of LBC or VIA/VILI triage could be reduced by 70%-80%.LBC(n=3 and n=7)or VIA/VILI(n=8 and n=26)could significantly decrease the number of colposcopies needed to detect one cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)2 or worse and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=23).For the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+,VIA/VILI triage was 0.50-fold compared with LBC triage and 0.46-fold with the direct COLP.When stratified by age,baseline LBC triage+performed best(P<0.001),peaking among women aged 35-44 years(Ptrend=0.002).In urban sites,1,728 women were hrHPV genotyping test positive.A total of 408,571 and 568women were randomly assigned to direct COLP for HPV16/18+,direct COLP for other hrHPV subtypes+,and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtypes+.LBC(n=12 and n=31)significantly decreased the number of colposcopies needed to detect one CIN2+and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=44).HPV16/18+increased the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+(17.89%,P<0.001).Conclusions:LBC triage for hrHPV-positive women in rural settings and direct COLP for HPV16/18+women and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtype+women in urban settings might be feasible strategies.

Study and Implementation on Batteries Charging Method of Micro-Grid Photovoltaic Systems

In the micro-grid photovoltaic systems, the random changes of solar radiation enable lead-acid batteries to experience low SOC (State of Charge) or overcharged for periods of time if directly charged with such traditional methods as decreased charging current, which will reduce lifetime of batteries. What’s more, it’s difficult to find a proper reduction coefficient in decreasing charging current. To adapt to the random changes of circumstance and avoid selecting the reduction coefficient, a new fast charging method named decreased charging current based on SOC is proposed to apply into micro-grid photovoltaic systems. It combines batteries’ SOC with the maximum charging voltage to determine the charging rate without strictly selecting reduction coefficient. By close-loop current control strategy and related scheme, the experiment proves the new method is feasible and verifies that, comparing with decreased charging current, the improved method make batteries’ SOC reach 100% in shorter time as well as the temperature of batteries raise more slowly.

Numerical study on solid suspension characteristics of a coaxial mixer in viscous systems

A coaxial mixer consisting of an anchor and a Rushton turbine was selected as the research object,whose solid suspension characteristics were studied with the help of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)method.Based on the Eulerian–Eulerian method and modified Brucato drag model,the just-suspension speed of impeller was predicted,and the simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental data.The quality of solid suspension under different rotation modes was also compared,and the results showed the coaxial mixer operating under co-rotation mode could get the best performance,and a larger anchor speed was beneficial to solid suspension by enhancing the turbulent intensity at the bottom.Compared with the anchor,the inner Rushton turbine played a dominant role in solid suspension due to its high rotational speed,whereas an extremely high inner impeller speed would make the uniformity of solid distributions become worse.Additionally,the effects of solid phase properties were also investigated,the results revealed that the higher the overall solid volume fraction and the smaller the Shields number,the worse the performance of solid suspension,meanwhile the solid suspension was more susceptible to solid density compared with particle diameter within the same Shields number gradient.

温州瓯江北口大桥绿色公路创建实践

公路建设的迅猛发展促进了社会、经济的发展,与此同时,它给社会、生态和环境带来的负面效应也越来越显著。在“绿色公路”典型示范项目的实施创建过程中,温州瓯江北口大桥项目结合项目特点,深入探索了“资源节约统筹”、“技术创新升级”和“环境和谐友好”的实践要点,以期为更多绿色公路工程建设提供参考经验。

HIGH RESOLUTION,REAL-TIME LINE-FIELD FOURIER-DOMAIN INTERFEROMETRY

To increase the application potential in manufacturing process,such as monitoring the processing performance,the profile measurement should be provided in real-time display and with high resolution simultaneously.We propose a line-field Fourier-domain interferometric method(LFI),which combines the line-field microscope with spectral interferometer,for the surface cross-sectional profile measurement with no scan needed.The white light and objectives are employed to offer high axial and lateral resolution,respectively.In our system setup,the measurement could be implemented in real-time display of 10 frame/s,and the resolutions of the LFI system in X;Y,and Z directions are~8μm,~3.2μm,and~1.4μm,respectively.As a demonstration,the cross-sectional profiles of a microfluidic chip are tested.The graphics processing unit is also used to accelerate the reconstruction algorithm to achieve the real-time display of the cross-sectional profiles.

Effect of Diane-35 on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome of Different Subtypes

Objective: To explore the effect of Daine-35 on serum hormone and antral follicle count of different subtypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: 138 cases of PCOS were recruited and typed according to Rotterdam diagnostic criteria;78 cases of tubal infertility without hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders during the same period were collected as control. Serum reproductive hormones including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS), total testosterone (TT) and fast insulin (INS) were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Ovarian antral follicle count was determined by ultrasonography. The effects on above indexes were evaluated for different subtypes of PCOS after 3 cycles of treatment with Daine-35. Results: The cases of Type A and Type B were respectively 43 (31.2%) and 73 (52.9%). They were the most common clinical phenotypes of PCOS in the central region ofChina. Total testosterone (TT) and DHEAS levels of Types A, C and D were higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The LH, LH/FSH, INS and HOMA-IR levels in all types of PCOS were higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Antral follicle counts of Types A, B and D were more than those of Type C and the control group (p < 0.05). After treatment with Daine-35 for 3 cycles, the serum TT levels of Types A, C and D decreased (p < 0.05). DHEAS values also decreased, but not significantly (p > 0.05). The serum LH and LH/FSH as well as the antral follicle count of all the PCOS types significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Type A and Type B are the most common clinical phenotypes of PCOS in the central region of China. Taking Daine-35 for 3 cycles can significantly reduce the serum androgen, serum LH, LH/FSH ratio, and antral follicle count of different PCOS types.

The SOC Estimation of Power Li-Ion Battery Based on ANFIS Model

On basis of traditional battery performance model, paper analyzed the advantage and disadvantage of SOC estimation methods, introduced Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems which integrated artificial neural network and fuzzy logic have predicted SOC of battery. It’s a battery residual capacity model with more generalization ability, adaptability and high precision. By analyzing the battery charge and discharge process, the key parameters of SOC are determined and the experimental model is modified in MATLAB platform.Experimental results show that the difference of SOC prediction and actual SOC is below 3%.The model can reflect the characteristics curve of the battery. SOC estimation algorithm can meet the requirements for precision. The results have a high practical value.

椎-基底动脉夹层动脉瘤介入治疗的疗效分析

目的总结椎-基底动脉夹层动脉瘤(VBDA)介入栓塞治疗的效果。方法回顾性分析2014年4月至2018年4月厦门大学附属中山医院收治的37例VBDA患者(32枚VBDA病灶)的临床资料,包括一般资料、动脉瘤特征和围术期并发症发生情况等,记录患者出院时及随访6个月时的临床预后,采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)评价患者术后预后情况。结果37例患者中男性24例,女性13例,年龄为54(24~78)岁。接受介入治疗29例,拒绝手术8例。32枚VBDA病灶中25枚接受支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗,3枚行单纯弹簧圈栓塞治疗,4枚行动脉瘤及载瘤动脉闭塞术。所有患者均在早期行介入治疗(<72 h)。术后随访过程中共有4枚出现复发,再次行介入治疗,其余均保持稳定。椎动脉夹层动脉瘤随访中预后极好13例,好3例,差1例,死亡0例;基底动脉夹层动脉瘤随访中预后极好7例,好2例,差3例,死亡0例。椎动脉夹层动脉瘤入院时Hunt-Hess分级越低者预后越好(H=7.566,P=0.006),基底动脉夹层动脉瘤入院时Hunt-Hess分级、世界神经外科联盟(WFNS)分级越低者预后越好(H=5.666,P=0.017)。另外,VBDA患者入院时Hunt-Hess分级为0~Ⅲ级组预后极好的比例明显高于Ⅳ~Ⅴ组,比例分别为90.0%vs 22.2%,P=0.001。结论VBDA的介入治疗是安全有效的,可降低术后再出血风险,没有明显的手术并发症,并有良好的随访结果,且术前较低的Hunt-Hess分级能获得良好的临床结果。另外,早期栓塞不影响临床结果,但降低了再出血的风险。