To aim at design requirements of high lift-to-drag ratio as well as high volumetric efficiency of next generation hypersonic airplanes,a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout is prese...To aim at design requirements of high lift-to-drag ratio as well as high volumetric efficiency of next generation hypersonic airplanes,a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout is presented.Moreover,a novel forebody design methodology which by rotating and assembling two waverider-based surfaces is firstly introduced in this paper.Some typical configurations are designed and their aerodynamic performances are evaluated by computational fluid dynamics.The results for forebodies analysis show that large volumetric efficiency,high lift-to-drag ratio,and uniformly distributed flowfield at the inlet cross section can be assured simultaneously.Furthermore,results of numerical simulation of four integrated configurations with various leading edge shapes,including three power-law curves and a cosine curve clearly show the advantage of high lift-to-drag ratio.Besides,the high pressure generated by the side wall of the airframe can be partly captured by the reasonably designed wings in the condition of small flight attack angle.Then the order of lift-to-drag ratio of four configurations at 0 degree flight attack angle is completely different from the condition of 4-degree flight attack angle.This result demonstrates that the curve shape of the leading edge is very important for the lift-to-drag ratio of the aircraft,and it should be further optimized under the cruising attack angle in future work.展开更多
Circadian clocks are comprised of self-sustained transcriptional/translational feedback loops, which regulate the rhythms of physiology and behavior in mammals. CLOCK-interacting protein, Circadian(CIPC), has been ind...Circadian clocks are comprised of self-sustained transcriptional/translational feedback loops, which regulate the rhythms of physiology and behavior in mammals. CLOCK-interacting protein, Circadian(CIPC), has been indicated as an additional negative-feedback regulator of the circadian clock in vitro, although its physiological roles in circadian clock are unknown. Here, we generated Cipc homozygous knockout(Cipc-/-) mice and assessed the resultant circadian phenotypes. Surprisingly, the m RNA expression profiles of core clock genes in the liver of Cipc-/- mice showed no significant differences from that in wild-type mice except for Per1. Cipc-/- mice displayed normal locomotor rhythm and entrained activity pattern in both 12:12 light-dark cycle and constant dark cycle. Furthermore, deletion of Cipc in lungs and adipose tissues did not influence their peripheral clock. The results from this work provided more conclusive data suggesting that CIPC is not critically required for basic clock function.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90916013)the guidance and help from Academician Li Tian and peer reviewers are gratefully acknowledged
文摘To aim at design requirements of high lift-to-drag ratio as well as high volumetric efficiency of next generation hypersonic airplanes,a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout is presented.Moreover,a novel forebody design methodology which by rotating and assembling two waverider-based surfaces is firstly introduced in this paper.Some typical configurations are designed and their aerodynamic performances are evaluated by computational fluid dynamics.The results for forebodies analysis show that large volumetric efficiency,high lift-to-drag ratio,and uniformly distributed flowfield at the inlet cross section can be assured simultaneously.Furthermore,results of numerical simulation of four integrated configurations with various leading edge shapes,including three power-law curves and a cosine curve clearly show the advantage of high lift-to-drag ratio.Besides,the high pressure generated by the side wall of the airframe can be partly captured by the reasonably designed wings in the condition of small flight attack angle.Then the order of lift-to-drag ratio of four configurations at 0 degree flight attack angle is completely different from the condition of 4-degree flight attack angle.This result demonstrates that the curve shape of the leading edge is very important for the lift-to-drag ratio of the aircraft,and it should be further optimized under the cruising attack angle in future work.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31171343 and 31230049 to Xu Ying)Ministry of Science and Technology(2006BAI23B00 to Xu Ying and Gao Xiang)
文摘Circadian clocks are comprised of self-sustained transcriptional/translational feedback loops, which regulate the rhythms of physiology and behavior in mammals. CLOCK-interacting protein, Circadian(CIPC), has been indicated as an additional negative-feedback regulator of the circadian clock in vitro, although its physiological roles in circadian clock are unknown. Here, we generated Cipc homozygous knockout(Cipc-/-) mice and assessed the resultant circadian phenotypes. Surprisingly, the m RNA expression profiles of core clock genes in the liver of Cipc-/- mice showed no significant differences from that in wild-type mice except for Per1. Cipc-/- mice displayed normal locomotor rhythm and entrained activity pattern in both 12:12 light-dark cycle and constant dark cycle. Furthermore, deletion of Cipc in lungs and adipose tissues did not influence their peripheral clock. The results from this work provided more conclusive data suggesting that CIPC is not critically required for basic clock function.
