现场检测超薄型钢结构防火涂料可行性

模拟不同加热方向和加热部位的现场检测条件,利用自行设计的标准温升曲线温控加热炉,分别对多种超薄型钢结构防火涂料试件进行温控加热试验。确定在不同检测环境下温控加热炉现场检测超薄型钢结构防火涂料的可行性。

Long-term effect of clopidogrel in patients with and without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that patients with diabetes mellitus(DM) respond poorly to clopidogrel treatment.AIM To systematically evaluate the efficacy of clopidogrel for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes or ischemic stroke in patients with or without DM.METHODS Pub Med,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and EMBASE were searched from 1980 on 27 June 2019 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials that compared the effect of a combination of clopidogrel and aspirin with aspirin alone.A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR) and its 95% confidence interval(CI).Sensitivity analysis was performed using a fixed-effect model.The I2 statistic was used to evaluate the heterogeneity of the study data.RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials,comprising 43352 participants(13491 with and 29861 without DM) who had received antiplatelet therapy for≥3 mo,were included in the meta-analysis.Compared with aspirin alone,a combination of clopidogrel and aspirin significantly reduced the risk of any cardiovascular event in patients without DM(HR=0.78,95%CI:0.71–0.86,P<0.001;I2=23%,P=0.26).Clopidogrel plus aspirin also significantly reduced cardiovascular risk in patients with DM,although the effect was smaller(HR=0.89,95%CI:0.81–0.99,P=0.030;I2=0%,P=0.74).Nevertheless,there was no significant difference in the efficacy of clopidogrel at reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with DM vs those without(P for interaction=0.062).CONCLUSION Thus,the present study shows that the addition of clopidogrel to aspirin significantly lowers cardiovascular risk in patients with or without DM who have experienced ischemic cardiovascular disease.The beneficial effect of the addition of clopidogrel to aspirin for patients with DM was lower than that in patients without DM,although the modifying effect of DM did not reach significance.

H型隧道烟气流动与防排烟性能的热烟实验研究

实验设计并搭建H型隧道实验平台,利用此平台进行烟气流动与防排烟性能的热烟实验,分别设计7种实验工况,验证了排烟风速、排烟位置、排烟方式、相邻隧道加压送风措施4个方面对烟气流动产生的影响,提出一种H型隧道更为合理的排烟设计方案,为实际工程中H型隧道的防排烟设计提供了理论依据,并为城市轨道交通工程设计验收提供技术支持和数据基础。

超薄型钢结构防火涂料现场快速检测方法研究

针对当前国内超薄型钢结构防火涂料检测时间长、成本高、实验难度大、实验环境与现场环境存在差异等问题,分别对多种超薄型(CB型)钢结构防火涂料试件进行物理测试和耐火性测试。现场模拟耐火性检测的温控加热试验,并与实验室标准炉耐火性试验数据进行对比分析。进而从外观观测、粘结强度、膨胀倍率、背火面温度和燃烧残留物状态等方面,总结出一种CB型钢结构防火涂料现场快速检测方法。

浅谈中小型猪场自动饲喂系统

文章介绍了现有自动化饲喂系统,包括输料机械种类,固态料和液态料饲喂系统,分析对比了两种饲喂系统的优缺点及目前国内应用情况,在此基础上提出中小型猪场饲喂现状和痛点,进一步介绍了其发展趋势和应用要点。中小型猪场因其资金承受能力有限和养殖人员专业程度参差不齐,现有自动饲喂系统需要根据场地以及猪场实际情况针对性的改动适应,提供高—中—低配等不同选择模式,降低硬件占比,提高软件功能,做到设备功能集成化,移动化,达到一机多用的状态。

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety

背景:死亡焦虑被视为精神病理学症状的风险因素和持续存在的因素。虽然阿拉伯死亡焦虑量表(ASDA)是一种简单而常用的评估工具,但是在国内临床实践中缺少这样的工具。目标:本研究旨在采用多级回译法开发ASDA中文版,即ASDA(C),并研究该量表的心理测量学特性。方法:从国内三个地区的医院和大学共招募了1372名参试者。为了计算出ASDA(C)的效标相关效度与有关死亡和死亡清单的多维度取向表格中文版(MODDI-F/chin)相比较,随机指定49名大学生完成这两份调查问卷。在所有参试者中随机指定56名再做一次ASDA(C)问卷调查,来评估ASDA(C)的一周后重测信度。结果:量表总的Cronbach’sα值为0.91。一周后的重测信度为0.96。探索性因子分析(EFA)显示三个因素,"对死人和坟墓的恐惧,"对致命疾病的恐惧"和"对死亡事件的恐惧",占总方差的57.09%。因而构建三因素模型。量表ASDA(C)总分与MODDI-F/chin的相关系数是0.54,表示信度都可以接受。结论:ASDA(C)有较好的心理测量学特性,说明这是一个可靠有效的量表。该量表能用于讲普通话的中国人群,来评估死亡焦虑。

Measuring Optical Length and Analyzing Accuracy Error Based on All-Fiber Optic Interferometer

An optical length measuring system base on all-fiber optic interferometer is proposed. The theoretical analysis indicates that, when the two branches of the interferometer are equal, the output have the maximum coherent intensity. Therefore, the optical length can be obtained by measuring the distance of collimator movement. Through the experiment and simulation, the impact of the signal-to-noise ratio and fluctuation of the coupling efficiency on null error has been obtained.

The Influence of Filter Slit on the Imaging Performance of the Solar Grating Spectrometer Based on Adaptive Optics

The solar grating spectrometer is an essential tool to study the thermodynamics properties of the solar atmosphere with different height distributions, but its imaging performance will be degraded by the wavefront aberration generalized by the atmospheric turbulence. On the other hand, the narrow slit of the grating spectrometer will filter the wavefront aberration to some extent. The influence of the filter slit on the wavefront aberration and the correction requirement of the adaptive optics are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. We demonstrate that the influence of filter slit on the different types and magnitudes of wavefront aberration is different, and the RMS value of the wavefront aberration less than 0.3λ is down to below almost 60% after the filter slit, and it can lower the correction range requirement of the adaptive optics. The numerical simulation and experiment results show that: after the adaptive optics correction, the influence of the wavefront aberration on the spectral resolution is neglected, and the energy utilization is considerably improved;both numerical simulation and experiment results are in good agreement.

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

Usually, electromagnetic evanescent waves are some kinds of near fields. However, it looks as if the evanescent waves inside a cut-off waveguide had nothing to do with any near field. In this paper, we will show that the evanescent waves inside a cut-off waveguide can also be regarded as the near fields of an aerial array.

Diagnostic performance of different specimens in detecting enterovirus A71 in children with hand,foot and mouth disease

Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a major public health problem among children in the Asia-Pacific region.The optimal specimen for HFMD virological diagnosis remains unclear.Enterovirus A71(EV-A71)neutralizing antibody titres detected in paired sera were considered the reference standard for calculating the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of throat swabs,rectal swabs,stool,blood samples and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)by RT-PCR or ELISA assay.In this study,clinical samples from 276 HFMD patients were collected for analysing the sensitivity of different kind of specimens.Our results showed that stool had the highest sensitivity(88%,95%CI:74%–96%)and agreement with the reference standard(91%).The order of diagnostic yield for EV-A71 infection was stool samplerectal swab>throat swab>blood sample>CSF sample,and using a combination of clinical samples improved sensitivity for enterovirus detection.The sensitivity of ELISA for IgM antibody detection in sterile-site specimens was significantly higher than that of RT-PCR(serum/plasma:62%vs.2%,CSF:47%vs.0%)(P<0.002).In conclusion,our results suggest that stool has the highest diagnostic yield for EV-A71-infected HFMD.If stool is unavailable,rectal swabs can be collected to achieve a similar diagnostic yield.Otherwise,throat swabs may be useful in detecting positive samples.Although IgM in blood or CSF is diagnostically accurate,it lacks sensitivity,missing 40%–50%of cases.The higher proportion of severe cases and shorter interval between onset and sampling contributed to the increase in congruency between clinical testing and the serological reference standard.

热敏灸辅助治疗普通型新冠肺炎42例

Objective:To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of adjuvant treatment with heat-sensitive moxibustion for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)of the ordinary type.Methods:A total of 42 patients with COVID-19 of the ordinary type were adopted.Shenque(神阙CV8)and Tianshu(天枢ST25)were selected.Heat-sensitive moxibustion was operated according to the required standard,40 min to 60 min each time,once daily.Before and after moxibustion,the improvements in clinical symptoms were evaluated,such as chest oppression,poor appetite,lassitude and negative emotions.Results:(1)The number of cases and the incidence was 21 cases(50.0%),24 cases(57.1%)and 26 cases(61.9%)for chest oppression,poor appetite and lassitude before heat-sensitive moxibustion.The number of cases was reduced to be 10 cases(23.8%),7 cases(16.7%)and 4 cases(9.5%)after the 1 st treatment of heat-sensitive moxibustion for chest oppression,poor appetite,and lassitude.It was reduced to be 11 cases(26.2%),8 cases(19.0%)and 4 cases(9.5%)after the 2 nd treatment of moxibustion and it was reduced to be 18 cases(42.9%),10 cases(23.8%)and 6 cases(14.3%)after the 3 rd treatment of moxibustion.The incidences of the symptoms were all reduced obviously as compared with those before treatment.(2)Before treatment with heat-sensitive moxibustion,there were 24 cases of negative emotions(57.1%).It was reduced to be 16 cases(38.1%),11 cases(26.2%)and 3 cases(7.1%)after the 1 st,2 nd and 3 rd treatment of heat-sensitive moxibustion successively.The incidences were all reduced obviously as compared with those before treatment.(3)After the 1 st treatment,the active acceptance rate of heat-sensitive moxibustion was 100%(42/42)in the patients,higher than 11.9%(5/42)before treatment.Conclusion:Adjuvant treatment with heat-sensitive moxibustion effectively relieves the symptoms of COVID-19 such as chest oppression,poor appetite and lassitude,and alleviates the negative emotions,such as tension and anxiety.This therapy improves the therapeutic effect of COVID-19 and deserves to be promoted in clinical practice.

艾灸预处理降低RhoA/ROCK信号表达预防哮喘大鼠肺炎

Objective:To determine whether pretreatment moxibustion prevents asthma by down-regulating the lung RhoA/ROCK pathway in rats with bronchial asthma and benignly mediating the lung inflammatory response.Methods:Twenty Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into normal control group(C),asthma model group(M),suspended moxibustion 40 min+asthma group(SM40),and suspended moxibustion 10 min+asthma group(SM10).Ovalbumin was used as a sensitizer.The two moxibustion groups completed moxibustion treatment lasted 40 min or 10 min respectively 30 min before modeling onset,and was repeated five times in each modeling cycle,for a total of 15 times.Samples were harvested on day 30.Results:Lung impairment was significant in the M group,whereas pretreatment with SM10 and SM40 dramatically attenuated the injury.After modeling,mRNA expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in the lung tissue was significantly higher than that in C group(both P<0.001),resulting in significant increase in protein levels of IL-17 A(P<0.001).Significant decrease in RhoA and ROCK2 mRNA expression was seen in the SM10(P<0.001,P<0.01)and SM40(both P<0.001)groups compared to that with M rats.The differential trend in the SM40 group was more evident than that in the SM10 group.Regarding IL-10 or IL-17 A protein concentration,an upregulation or down-regulation was observed in both SM10(P<0.05,P<0.01)and SM40 groups(both P<0.001)compared to that with the M group.Conclusions:Moxibustion pretreatment significantly prevented pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic rats,potentially via inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK pathway.The efficacty of moxibustion appeared to be significantly associated with the duration of intervention with moxibustion.

Role of the proportion of dominant follicles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

Background: There is no absolute consensus for the best time for triggering. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different proportion of dominant follicles (PDF) on the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day for the clinical outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of different ovarian stimulation protocols. Methods: A total of 371 cycles of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist long protocol and 347 cycles of GnRH antagonist protocol from January 2014 to December 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Based on the PDF on the day of the HCG administration, the included patients were divided into three groups: Group A (low PDF), PDF <20%;Group B (medium PDF), 20%≤ PDF ≤40%;Group C (high PDF), PDF >40%. The measurements regarding ovarian stimulation characteristics, fertilization rate, top quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ovarian hyperstimualtion syndrome (OHSS) rate were compared in different PDF groups with different protocols. Results: In both the GnRH antagonist protocol and GnRH agonist long protocol, the characteristics such as mean age, anti-Mullerian hormone, antral follicle count (AFC), and body mass index were comparable between groups. The number of oocytes retrieved decreased statistically significantly as the PDF and rate of matured oocytes increased. In the GnRH agonist long protocol, the rate of normally fertilized oocytes was highest in Group A (59.74 ± 31.21 vs. 49.70 ± 37.95, 49.67 ± 36.62;F = 3.743, P = 0.025). There were no significant differences in the rate of top-quality embryos and the clinical pregnancy rate between the groups. The clinical pregnancy rate was similar in the three groups (63.6%, 62.5%, 67.5%, respectively,χ2 = 0.989, P = 0.911). The moderate and severe OHSS rate increased statistically significantly when the PDF increased, which was highest in group C (1.4%, 3.1%, 6.7%, respectively,χ2 = 12.014, P = 0.017). In the GnRH antagonist protocol, there were no significant differences in the rate of top-quality embryos, the rate of normally fertilized oocytes, the clinical pregnancy rate, and the moderate and severe OHSS rate between the groups. The clinical pregnancy rate in Group C was higher than that in Group A (57.9% vs. 46.6%,χ2 = 10.850, P = 0.093). Conclusions: In the GnRH antagonist protocol, PDF on the HCG day of less than 20% may be unfavorable to the clinical pregnancy rate in PCOS. In the GnRH agonist long protocol, delaying the HCG trigger timing has no good effect on clinical pregnancy and the risk of OHSS might increase in patients with PCOS.

Genetic Variation of Multiple Serotypes of Enteroviruses Associated with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Southern China

Enteroviruses(EVs)species A are a major public health issue in the Asia–Pacific region and cause frequent epidemics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China.Mild infections are common in children;however,HFMD can also cause severe illness that affects the central nervous system.To molecularly characterize EVs,a prospective HFMD virological surveillance program was performed in China between 2013 and 2016.Throat swabs,rectal swabs and stool samples were collected from suspected HFMD patients at participating hospitals.EVs were detected using generic real-time and nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions(RT-PCRs).Then,the complete VP1 regions of enterovirus A71(EV-A71),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)and CVA6 were sequenced to analyze amino acid changes and construct a viral molecular phylogeny.Of the 2836 enrolled HFMD patients,2,517(89%)were EV positive.The most frequently detected EVs were CVA16(32.5%,819),CVA6(31.2%,785),and EV-A71(20.4%,514).The subgenogroups CVA16B1 b,CVA6D3 a and EV-A71C4 a were predominant in China and recombination was not observed in the VP1 region.Sequence analysis revealed amino acid variations at the 30,29 and 44 positions in the VP1 region of EV-A71,CVA16 and CVA6(compared to the respective prototype strains Br Cr,G10 and Gdula),respectively.Furthermore,in 21 of 24(87.5%)identified EV-A71 samples,a known amino acid substitution(D31 N)that may enhance neurovirulence was detected.Our study provides insights about the genetic characteristics of common HFMD-associated EVs.However,the emergence and virulence of the described mutations require further investigation.

Cognitive decline is related to high blood glucose levels in older Chinese adults with the ApoE ε3/ε3 genotype

Background:Few studies have investigated the effects of blood glucose(BG)on cognitive function in communitydwelling elderly individuals carrying the apolipoprotein E(APOE)ε3 allele.Objective:To explore the effect of high BG levels on cognitive function in APOEε3-carrying,non-demented,community-dwelling older adults,as compared to their counterparts carrying the APOEε4 or APOEε2 alleles.Methods:Within the China Longitudinal Ageing Study,we recruited 282 elderly adults without dementia.Data collected included demographic information;psychological measures;laboratory test results,including BG and plasma lipid levels;and APOE genotypes.We divided the participants into APOEε2(ε2/ε2,ε2/ε3),ε3(ε3/ε3),andε4(ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4)groups.Partial correlation analyses and multivariate linear regression analyses were utilized to compare the cognitive function and laboratory data between the APOE groups.White matter hyperintensity(WMH)was measured on magnetic resonance images in 77 participants.Results:With adjustment for age,sex,education,and diabetes,higher BG in non-demented community-dwelling older adults was associated with cognitive decline in immediate memory and executive function.In the APOEε3 group,elevated BG was associated with cognitive decline in immediate memory,executive function,and perceptual reasoning.In the APOEε4 group,higher BG was also correlated with a decline in abstract reasoning.There was a trend for association between higher BG and more severe WMHs.Conclusion:Worse cognitive function was correlated withApoEε3/ε3 genotype carriers with higher BG in community-dwelling older adults.

Clinicians’prescription preferences for treating patients with Alzheimer’s disease in Shanghai

Background:China has more cases of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)than any other country in the world.As training to recognize and manage dementia is in its early stage,it is important to study clinicians’current prescription preferences for treating patients with AD.Methods:This study surveyed neurologists,psychiatrists,and general physicians(GPs)in Shanghai who had outpatients with AD,using a questionnaire asking about their prescription preferences for these patients.Results:Among the 148 clinicians in the study,26.4%were psychiatrists,44.6%were neurologists,and 29.1%were GPs.The groups did not differ significantly in age,gender,or their monthly cases of new patients with mild or moderate AD(P>0.05).Most clinicians prescribed Cholinesterase inhibitors(ChEIs),including Huperzine A,but there were significant group-differences in prescribing specific ChEIs(P<0.05).The daily dosages of ChEI and Memantine prescribed by all three groups were small(P>0.05),and all three groups prescribed piracetam,ergot,and ginkgo biloba drugs.All three groups also tended to treat AD patients with a combination of antidepressants and anxiolytics,although psychiatrists were significantly more likely than neurologists to combine antipsychotics with other drugs(P<0.05).Conclusion:Clinicians in Shanghai prescribed low doses of ChEIs and Memantine for patients with AD.A relatively high proportion also prescribed cognitive enhancers,which lack evidence-based support of their use,and antipsychotics.There is a need for more training about treating patients with AD and for clinicians to standardize their clinical practice.

Impact of prior cerebrovascular events on patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease treated with coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention

Treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery(ULMCA)disease with coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)or percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)has developed rapidly during the past decades.The optimal revascularization strategy has been a subject of debate,with several randomized controlled trials and metaanalyses comparing outcomes of CABG and PCI.