The corrosion behavior of 95 ksi grade super 13Cr stainless steel in an environment consisting of H_(2)S and CO_(2)was investigated.The results reveal that for both loading methods(constant load and four-point bending...The corrosion behavior of 95 ksi grade super 13Cr stainless steel in an environment consisting of H_(2)S and CO_(2)was investigated.The results reveal that for both loading methods(constant load and four-point bending),local corrosion occurred on the surface of the samples tested at ambient temperature but was absent from the samples tested at high temperatures.The local corrosion was caused by the formation of pits at nonmetal inclusions;the pits were formed under the action of stress in an acidic environment,which was due to an acid solution.Subsequently,the corrosion extended along the direction of stress.The sensitivity of stress corrosion cracking increased because of the local corrosion.展开更多
[ Objective] The paper was to establish a quick and effective indoor identification method of sorghum resistance to aphid uninfluenced by seasons. [ Method] Based on the indoor reproduction technique of aphids, the so...[ Objective] The paper was to establish a quick and effective indoor identification method of sorghum resistance to aphid uninfluenced by seasons. [ Method] Based on the indoor reproduction technique of aphids, the sorghum varieties with different resistant performances against aphids in fields were conducted inoculation test in the laboratory according to different seedling culture media, different survey periods of aphid quantity, different leaf ages for inoculation, different inoculation quantity of aphids and different aphid sizes. Three hundred sorghum materials were identified in both laboratory and field. [ Result ] The number of aphids per seedling on the fifth day after inoculation gave the best score of plant resistance to sorghum aphid by using the loam as the seedling culture media, and inoculating three different sizes of aphids in seedlings at two-leaf stage. Thus, the indoor identification technique of resistance to sorghum aphids was as follows ： （ 1 ） sorghum seeds were sown in loam at room temperature of 22 - 26 ℃ and air humidity of 55% - 75% ; （2） three aphids with different sizes were inoculated in scedIings at two-leaf stage; （3） the number of aphids per seeding were surveyed on the fifth day after inoculation; （4） plant resistance to sorghum aphid was evalu- ated according to number of aphids per seedling on the fifth day after inoculation. The resistant grade of sorghum variety was evaluated according to distribution of aphid quantity per seedling in a 100-seedlings population. The resistance materials identified by indoor method at seedling stage had consistent performance with fidd identification. [ Conclusion] The method could be used for resistance identification of sorghum varieties and hybrids, and accurate identification and selectlon of individual resistance of hybrid offspring, which could improve selection efficiency of individual resistant plant against aphids in hybrid offspring and identification accuracy of individual resistant plant among molecular marker population.展开更多
文摘The corrosion behavior of 95 ksi grade super 13Cr stainless steel in an environment consisting of H_(2)S and CO_(2)was investigated.The results reveal that for both loading methods(constant load and four-point bending),local corrosion occurred on the surface of the samples tested at ambient temperature but was absent from the samples tested at high temperatures.The local corrosion was caused by the formation of pits at nonmetal inclusions;the pits were formed under the action of stress in an acidic environment,which was due to an acid solution.Subsequently,the corrosion extended along the direction of stress.The sensitivity of stress corrosion cracking increased because of the local corrosion.
基金Supported by National Sorghum Industrial Technology System(CARS-06-0409)Hebei Science and Technology Support Program(13226301D)Scientific and Technological Activity Project of Hebei Human Resources and Social Security Department for Overseas Students
文摘[ Objective] The paper was to establish a quick and effective indoor identification method of sorghum resistance to aphid uninfluenced by seasons. [ Method] Based on the indoor reproduction technique of aphids, the sorghum varieties with different resistant performances against aphids in fields were conducted inoculation test in the laboratory according to different seedling culture media, different survey periods of aphid quantity, different leaf ages for inoculation, different inoculation quantity of aphids and different aphid sizes. Three hundred sorghum materials were identified in both laboratory and field. [ Result ] The number of aphids per seedling on the fifth day after inoculation gave the best score of plant resistance to sorghum aphid by using the loam as the seedling culture media, and inoculating three different sizes of aphids in seedlings at two-leaf stage. Thus, the indoor identification technique of resistance to sorghum aphids was as follows ： （ 1 ） sorghum seeds were sown in loam at room temperature of 22 - 26 ℃ and air humidity of 55% - 75% ; （2） three aphids with different sizes were inoculated in scedIings at two-leaf stage; （3） the number of aphids per seeding were surveyed on the fifth day after inoculation; （4） plant resistance to sorghum aphid was evalu- ated according to number of aphids per seedling on the fifth day after inoculation. The resistant grade of sorghum variety was evaluated according to distribution of aphid quantity per seedling in a 100-seedlings population. The resistance materials identified by indoor method at seedling stage had consistent performance with fidd identification. [ Conclusion] The method could be used for resistance identification of sorghum varieties and hybrids, and accurate identification and selectlon of individual resistance of hybrid offspring, which could improve selection efficiency of individual resistant plant against aphids in hybrid offspring and identification accuracy of individual resistant plant among molecular marker population.
