Predicting the prognosis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,its efficacy varies.This review summarized the ability of various markers to predict the efficacy of HAIC and provided a reference for clinical applications.As of October 25,2023,51 articles have been retrieved based on keyword predictions and HAIC.Sixteen eligible articles were selected for inclusion in this study.Comprehensive literature analysis found that methods used to predict the efficacy of HAIC include serological testing,gene testing,and imaging testing.The above indicators and their combined forms showed excellent predictive effects in retrospective studies.This review summarized the strategies currently used to predict the efficacy of HAIC in middle and advanced HCC,analyzed each marker's ability to predict HAIC efficacy,and provided a reference for the clinical application of the prediction system.

Key factors controlling shale oil enrichment in saline lacustrine rift basin:implications from two shale oil wells in Dongpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Comparative analyses of petroleum generation potential,reservoir volume,frackability,and oil mobility were conducted on 102 shale cores from the Dongpu Depression.Results show the shale has high organic matter contents composed of oil-prone type I and type II kerogens within the oil window.Various types of pores and fractures exist in the shale,with a porosity of up to 14.9%.The shale has high brittle mineral contents,extensive fractures,and high potential for oil mobility due to high seepage capacity and overpressure.Although the petroleum generation potential of the shale at Well PS18-8 is relatively greater than that at Well PS18-1,oil content of the latter is greater due to the greater TOC.The porosity and fracture density observed in Well PS18-1 are greater and more conducive to shale oil enrichment.Although the shales in Wells PS18-1 and PS18-8 have similar brittle mineral contents,the former is more favorable for anthropogenic fracturing due to a higher preexisting fracture density.Besides,the shale at Well PS18-1 has a higher seepage capacity and overpressure and therefore a higher oil mobility.The fracture density and overpressure play key roles in shale oil enrichment.

瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1在缺血再灌注损伤中潜在作用的研究进展

瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1(TRPV1)通道是一种非选择性的阳离子通道,在缺血再灌注损伤中起关键作用。TRPV1主要在支配着心脏和血管神经纤维的感觉神经元上表达,TRPV1的激活能够减轻包括心脏、肺、肾和脑在内的多种器官的缺血再灌注诱导的损伤。多项研究表明,TRPV1通道的激活刺激降钙素基因相关肽和P物质的释放,这在心脏保护中具有重要的作用;此外,TRPV1通道的激活能减少自由基和炎症细胞因子的释放,抑制中性粒细胞浸润,并增强抗炎细胞因子的产生以减少缺血再灌注损伤。该文就TRPV1通道及其信号级联在缺血再灌注损伤中的作用进行综述。

Heterochronic triple primary malignancies with Epstein-Barr virus infection and tumor protein 53 gene mutation:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND The diagnosis and etiology of multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are difficult to establish.Here,we report a case of heterochronic triple primary malignancies with gastric cancer,nasopharyngeal squamous cell cancer,and then rectal cancer.CASE SUMMARY The patient was first diagnosed with gastric cancer at the age of 33 in 2014 and underwent distal gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy.Three years later,he was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer and treated with radical chemoradiotherapy in 2017.Recently,a mass in the middle of the rectum was resected and reported as ulcerative,moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Research on the etiology of MPMNs showed that Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection may be the cause of gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal squamous cell cancer since these two primary lesions were positive for transcripts of EBV-encoded ribonucleic acid using an in situ hybridization EBV-encoded ribonucleic acid probe in formalin-fixed,paraffinembedded tissue.The cause of rectal cancer may be due to a somatic mutation of tumor protein 53 gene in exon 8(c.844C>T,p.Arg282Trp)through highthroughput sequencing for the rectal cancer.Appropriate standard therapy for each primary cancer was administered,and the patient has no evidence of cancer disease to date.CONCLUSION To our knowledge,this is the first report on heterochronic triple primary malignancies whose cause may be associated with EBV infection and tumor protein 53 genetic mutations.The etiological research may not only elucidate the cause of MPMN but also has implications in clinical management.

Ultra-wide dual-band Rydberg atomic receiver based on space division multiplexing radio-frequency chip modules

Detecting microwave signals over a wide frequency range is endowed with numerous advantages as it enables simultaneous transmission of a large amount of information and access to more spectrum resources.This capability is crucial for applications such as microwave communication,remote sensing and radar.However,conventional microwave receiving systems are limited by amplifiers and band-pass filters that can only operate efficiently in a specific frequency range.Typically,these systems can only process signals within a three-fold frequency range,which limits the data transfer bandwidth of the microwave communication systems.Developing novel atom-integrated microwave sensors,for example,radio-frequency(RF)chip–coupled Rydberg atomic receiver,provides opportunities for a large working bandwidth of microwave sensing at the atomic level.In the current work,an ultrawide dual-band RF sensing scheme was demonstrated by spacedivision multiplexing two RF-chip-integrated atomic receiver modules.The system can simultaneously receive dual-band microwave signals that span a frequency range exceeding 6 octaves(300 MHz and 24 GHz).This work paves the way for multi-band microwave reception applications within an ultra-wide range by RF-chip-integrated Rydberg atomic sensor.

High IL-23^(+)cells infiltration correlates with worse clinical outcomes and abiraterone effectiveness in patients with prostate cancer

Individualized treatment of prostate cancer depends on an accurate stratification of patients who are sensitive to various treatments.Interleukin-23(IL-23)was reported to play a significant role in prostate cancer.Here,we aimed to explore the clinical value of IL-23-secreting(IL-23^(+))cells in prostate cancer patients.We evaluated interleukin-23A(IL-23A)expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and retrospectively enrolled 179 treatment-naive metastatic prostate cancer patients diagnosed in our institute between June 2012 and December 2014.IL-23^(+)cells were stained and evaluated via immunohistochemistry.Further,survival and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to explore the prognostic value of IL-23^(+)cells.We found that IL-23A expression correlated with disease progression,while IL-23^(+)cells were clearly stained within prostate cancer tissue.Patients with higher Gleason scores and multiple metastatic lesions tended to have more IL-23^(+)cell infiltration.Further analyses showed that patients with higher levels of IL-23^(+)cells had significantly worse overall survival(hazard ratio[HR]=2.996,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.812–4.955;P=0.001)and a higher risk of developing castration resistance(HR=2.725,95%CI:1.865–3.981;P=0.001).Moreover,subgroup analyses showed that when patients progressed to a castration-resistant status,the prognostic value of IL-23^(+)cells was observed only in patients treated with abiraterone instead of docetaxel.Therefore,we showed that high IL-23^(+)cell infiltration is an independent prognosticator in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.IL-23^(+)cell infiltration may correlate with abiraterone effectiveness in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.

Prognostic value of PTEN in de novo diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer

The purpose of our study is to investigate the prognostic value of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10(PTEN)expression in patients with de novo metastatic castration naive prostate cancer(mCNPC).A total of 205 patients with mCNPC at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center(Shanghai,China)were retrospectively examined.Immunohistochemical staining of PTEN was performed on prostate biopsy samples of these patients.Associations among clinicopathological features,patient survival and PTEN protein expression were analyzed.PTEN loss occurred in 58 of 205(28.3%)patients.Loss of PTEN was significantly correlated with high metastatic volume(P=0.017).No association between PTEN expression and Gleason score was observed.Patients with PTEN loss had significantly shorter progression-free survival(PFS,P<0.001)and overall survival(OS,P<0.001)compared with patients with intact PTEN expression.Multivariate analysis showed that elevated alkaline phosphatase,high metastatic volume and PTEN loss were independent poor prognostic factors for PFS.The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG PS)≥2 and PTEN loss were independent poor prognostic factors for OS.The adjusted hazard ratio of PTEN loss for PFS and OS was 1.67(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.14–2.43,P=0.008)and 1.95(95%CI:1.23–3.10,P=0.005),respectively.PTEN loss was also significantly associated with shorter PFS(P=0.025)and OS(P<0.001)in patients with low-volume metastatic disease.Our data showed that PTEN loss is an independent predictor for shorter PFS and OS in patients with de novo mCNPC.