BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine neoplasms are rarely located in the gallbladder(GB),and carcinoid syndrome is exceedingly rare in patients with GB neuroendocrine neoplasms.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of GB neuroendocrine ...BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine neoplasms are rarely located in the gallbladder(GB),and carcinoid syndrome is exceedingly rare in patients with GB neuroendocrine neoplasms.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of GB neuroendocrine carcinoma(GB-NEC)in a 65-year-old man,who presented with flushing for 2 mo.Pathological specimens of the flushed skin revealed that mucin was deposited between the collagen bundles in the dermis.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated neoplasm in the GB with liver invasion and enlarged lymph nodes in the portacaval space.High fluorodeoxyglucose uptake was detected in lymph nodes in the portacaval space,but distant metastasis was not seen by positron emission tomography.Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the GB neoplasm was suggestive of high-grade NEC.Because of the functional characteristics of poorly differentiated NEC,en bloc cholecystectomy,resection of hepatic segments IVb and V,pancreaticoduodenectomy,and regional lymphadenectomy were performed.A diagnosis of poorly differentiated NEC was made by pathological findings and immunohistochemical staining data.Ki-67 index was>80%.The patient refused adjuvant therapy and passed away in the 7th month.CONCLUSION Distinctive manifestation combined with imaging helps make correct preoperative diagnosis.Radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy might improve prognosis.展开更多
AIM: To study CD34, CD105, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endogenous nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)αexpression in human colorectal carcinomas. METHODS: The tissue microa...AIM: To study CD34, CD105, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endogenous nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)αexpression in human colorectal carcinomas. METHODS: The tissue microarrays (TMAs) were made up of 80 cases of colorectal carcinoma and 80 cases of non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa. The expression of CD34, CD105, NOS and HIF-1αwas detected by immunohistochemistry (S-P). RESULTS: iNOS and HIF-1αexpression in colorectal carcinoma was significantly higher than in non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa (X2 = 43.166, P < 0.01; X2 = 10.4278, P < 0.01); eNOS expression in colorectal carcinoma was significantly lower than in non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa (X2 = 11.354, P < 0.01). The expression of iNOS correlated with differentiation (X2 = 18.141, P < 0.01), invasive depth (X2 = 4.748, P < 0.01), and Micro vessel density (MVD) (t = 2.327, P < 0.05). The expression of HIF-1αwas correlated with infiltrating depth (X2 = 4.397, P < 0.05), Duke's staging (X2= 4.255, P < 0.05), and MVD (t = 2.272, P < 0.05). No correlation was found in eNOS expression. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of iNOS and HIF-1αin colorectal carcinoma is correlated with the biological character MVD.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81572975Key Research and Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang,China,No.2015C03053
文摘BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine neoplasms are rarely located in the gallbladder(GB),and carcinoid syndrome is exceedingly rare in patients with GB neuroendocrine neoplasms.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of GB neuroendocrine carcinoma(GB-NEC)in a 65-year-old man,who presented with flushing for 2 mo.Pathological specimens of the flushed skin revealed that mucin was deposited between the collagen bundles in the dermis.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated neoplasm in the GB with liver invasion and enlarged lymph nodes in the portacaval space.High fluorodeoxyglucose uptake was detected in lymph nodes in the portacaval space,but distant metastasis was not seen by positron emission tomography.Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the GB neoplasm was suggestive of high-grade NEC.Because of the functional characteristics of poorly differentiated NEC,en bloc cholecystectomy,resection of hepatic segments IVb and V,pancreaticoduodenectomy,and regional lymphadenectomy were performed.A diagnosis of poorly differentiated NEC was made by pathological findings and immunohistochemical staining data.Ki-67 index was>80%.The patient refused adjuvant therapy and passed away in the 7th month.CONCLUSION Distinctive manifestation combined with imaging helps make correct preoperative diagnosis.Radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy might improve prognosis.
基金the Science Department of Qingdao City, No.03-1-NY-14-2
文摘AIM: To study CD34, CD105, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endogenous nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)αexpression in human colorectal carcinomas. METHODS: The tissue microarrays (TMAs) were made up of 80 cases of colorectal carcinoma and 80 cases of non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa. The expression of CD34, CD105, NOS and HIF-1αwas detected by immunohistochemistry (S-P). RESULTS: iNOS and HIF-1αexpression in colorectal carcinoma was significantly higher than in non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa (X2 = 43.166, P < 0.01; X2 = 10.4278, P < 0.01); eNOS expression in colorectal carcinoma was significantly lower than in non-neoplasm colorectal mucosa (X2 = 11.354, P < 0.01). The expression of iNOS correlated with differentiation (X2 = 18.141, P < 0.01), invasive depth (X2 = 4.748, P < 0.01), and Micro vessel density (MVD) (t = 2.327, P < 0.05). The expression of HIF-1αwas correlated with infiltrating depth (X2 = 4.397, P < 0.05), Duke's staging (X2= 4.255, P < 0.05), and MVD (t = 2.272, P < 0.05). No correlation was found in eNOS expression. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of iNOS and HIF-1αin colorectal carcinoma is correlated with the biological character MVD.
