“Treat and repair”therapy for giant patent ductus arteriosus complicated with pulmonary embolism

Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)is one of the most common congenital heart defects,accounting for 5%-10%of congenital heart diseases.[1]Its combination with pulmonary embolism(PE)is extremely rare,and there are few relevant reports.Especially giant PDA complicated with PE is prone to pulmonary hypertension(PH),which will significantly increase the right heart load,right ventricle hypertrophy,and result in clinical escape diagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Delayed cardiac tamponade after simultaneous transcatheter atrial septal defect closure and left atrial appendage closure device implantation: a particular case report

Percutaneous left atrial appendage(LAA)occlusion evolved as an alternative treatment to the patients who are contraindicated or cannot tolerate oral anticoagulants with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation(AF)at risk of stroke or systemic embolism.[1]Abnormal hemodynamic changes in elder atrial septal defect(ASD)patients cause remodeling of the left atrium,which eventually leads to right heart failure.[2]As the ASDs elderly are associated with a higher incidence of AF,simultaneous transcatheter ASD and LAA closure has become a new effective therapeutic strategy.However,only a limited number of articles involving cardiac tamponade complications have been published in the literature.What’s more,previous studies involving early hemodynamically irrelevant pericardial effusion after the procedure attribute to multiple repositioning attempts of LAA occluder or delivery sheath injured the atrial wall.

Treatment for hemoptysis after percutaneous closure of a large intralobar pulmonary sequestration in elderly patient

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital cardiovascular malformation.[1,2]Open surgical excision is the usual treatment,although thorascopic intervention and transcatheter embolization have been reported.However,only a limited number of articles involving percutaneous closure the rare pulmonary malformations have been published in the literature.[3]What’s more,previous studies involving percutaneous pulmonary sequestration closure with repeated respiratory symptoms at the very young age suggested that the optimal therapeutic strategy has yet to be determined.[4]We hereby describe a particular case of percutaneous closure of a large intralobar pulmonary sequestration at elderly age.

Simultaneous interventional therapy for coarctation of the aorta combined with intracristal ventricular septal defect in older age adult

Coarctation of the aorta(CoA)is an uncommon congenital cardiovascular malformation,which is rare associated with several other cardiac and vascular anomalies,such as bicuspid aortic valve,ventricular septal defect(VSD),patent ductus arteriosus and aortic arch hypoplasia.[1,2]Open surgical repair is the usual treatment for neonatal CoA,whereas balloon angioplasty and stent placement are the treatment of choice for older children and adults.[3]

Characteristics of vapor based on complex networks in China

The uneven spatial distribution of stations providing precipitable water vapor(PWV)observations in China hinders the effective use of these data in assimilation,nowcasting,and prediction.In this study,we proposed a complex network framework for exploring the topological structure and the collective behavior of PWV in the mainland of China.We used the Pearson correlation coefficient and transfer entropy to measure the linear and nonlinear relationships of PWV amongst different stations and to set up the undirected and directed complex networks,respectively.Our findings revealed the statistical and geographical distribution of the variables influencing PWV networks and identified the vapor information source and sink stations.Specifically,the findings showed that the statistical and spatial distributions of the undirected and directed complex vapor networks in terms of degree and distance were similar to each other(the common interaction mode for vapor stations and their locations).The betweenness results displayed different features.The largest betweenness ratio for directed networks tended to be larger than that of the undirected networks,implying that the transfer of directed PWV networks was more efficient than that of the undirected networks.The findings of this study are heuristic and will be useful for constructing the best strategy for the PWV data in applications such as vapor observational networks design and precipitation prediction.

Will the 2022 compound heatwaveedrought extreme over the Yangtze River Basin become Grey Rhino in the future?

The increasingly frequent and severe regional-scale compound heatwave-drought extreme events(CHDEs),driven by global warming,present formidable challenges to ecosystems,residential livelihoods,and economic conditions.However,uncertainty persists regarding the future trend of CHDEs and their insights into regional spatiotemporal heterogeneity.By integrating daily meteorological data from observations in 1961-2022 and global climate models(GCMs)based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways,the evolution patterns of CHDEs were compared and examined among three sub-catchments of the Yangtze River Basin,and the return periods of CHDE in 2050s and 210Os were projected.The findings indicate that the climate during the 2022 CHDE period was the warmest and driest recorded in 1961-2022,with precipitation less than 154.5 mm and a mean daily maximum temperature 3.4°C higher than the average of 1981-2010,whereas the char-acteristics in the sub-catchments exhibited temporal and spatial variation.In July-August 2022,the most notable feature of CHDE was its extremeness since 1961,with return periods of~200-year in upstream,80-year in midstream,and 40-year in downstream,respectively.By 2050,the return periods witnessed 2022 CHDE would likely be reduced by one-third.Looking towards 2100,under the highest emission scenario of SSP585,it was projected to substantially increase the frequency of CHDEs,with return periods reduced to one-third in the upstream and downstream,as well as halved in the midstream.These findings provide valuable insights into the changing risks associated with forthcoming climate extremes,emphasizing the urgency of addressing these challenges in regional management and sustainable development.

Compound extreme inundation risk of coastal wetlands caused by climate change and anthropogenic activities in the Yellow River Delta,China

The coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta(YRD)in China are crucial for their valuable resources,environmental significance,and economic contributions.However,these wetlands are also vulnerable to the dual threats of climate change and human disturbances.Despite substantial attention to the historical shifts in YRD's coastal wetlands,uncertainties remain regarding their future trajectory in the face of compound risks from climate change and anthropogenic activities.Based on a range of remote sensing data sources,this study undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the evolution of YRD's coastal wetlands between 2000 and 2020.Subsequently,the potential fate of coastal wetlands is thoroughly analyzed through the Land Use/Cover Change(LUCC)simulation using System Dynamic-Future Land Use Simulation(SD-FLUS)model and the extreme water levels projection integrated future sea-level rise,storm surge,and astronomical high tide in 2030,2050,and 2100 under scenarios of SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5.Results revealed that YRD's coastal wetlands underwent a marked reduction,shrinking by 1688.72 km²from 2000 to 2020.This decline was mostly attributed to the substantial expansion in the areas of artificial wetlands(increasing by 823.78 km2),construction land(increasing by 767.71 km²),and shallow water(increasing by 274.58 km²).Looking ahead to 2030-2100,the fate of coastal wetlands appears to diverge based on different scenarios.Under the SSP1-2.6 scenario,the area of coastal wetland is projected to experience considerable growth.In contrast,the SSP5-8.5 scenario anticipates a notable decrease in coastal wetlands.Relative to the inundated area suffered from the current extreme water levels,the study projects a decrease of 6.8%-10.6%in submerged coastal wetlands by 2030 and 9.4%-18.2%by 2050 across all scenarios.In 2100,these percentages are projected to decrease by 0.4%(SSP2-4.5)and 27.1%(SSP5-8.5),but increase by 35.7%(SSP1-2.6).Results suggest that coastal wetlands in the YRD will face a serious compound risk from climate change and intensified human activities in the future,with climate change being the dominant factor.More effcient and forward-looking measures must be implemented to prioritize the conservation and management of coastal wetland ecosystems to address the challenges,especially those posed by climate change.

Responsive Composite Janus Cages

pH responsive composite Janus cages of PS-silica-PEO are prepared using silica nanoparticles to crosslink two PAA contained di-block copolymers at an emulsion interface sequentially. Transverse channels are in situ created across the shell, which facilitates mass transfer. Shell is pH responsive owing to the presence of residual PAA chains tethered onto the silica nanoparticles. The Janus cages are capable to preferentially capture oil from their aqueous surroundings. The saturation absorption capacity is determined by pH and oil property. Other composite Janus cages are expected by extension the method using other copolymers and functional nanoparticles.