口腔医学专业本科生中外培养模式的对比

随着世界科技发展,社会经济文化全球一体化趋势日益显现。国际化已成为我国当前高等教育重要的发展趋势,而本科生联合培养为国际化人才培养提供了新的途径和模式。文章对比国内外口腔医学教学体系、课程设置、资格考核等人才培养环节,以期为提出更优化的中外口腔医学本科生联合培养方案提供思路。

Network Modelling and Visualisation Analysis of the Undergraduate Dental Curriculum System in China

Objectives: This study aims to present the characteristics of the undergraduate dental curriculum system using network modelling and visualisation analysis based on complex network theory, thus providing a theoretical foundation for the course development and curriculum reform. Methods: The correlation coefficient was used to quantify the intensity of the correlation between courses, and a visualisation complex network of the dental curriculum was built to explore the curriculum pattern from a dynamic perspective. Further, the statistical measurements of curriculum network were adopted to express the most relevant topological features. Subsequently, the minimum spanning tree and parallel coordinates plot were drawn to explore the curriculum community structure, quantify the key courses, and present different courses in time and space relationships. Results: The correlation analysis results show that the courses are closely related to each other. The main courses focus on pathology, pathophysiology, oral anatomy and physiology, closely connecting almost all medicine-related courses. The whole course network has an average degree value of 41.53, and a clustering coefficient of 0.78, indicating an obvious small-world characteristic. From the perspective of curriculum attributes, the number of public and theoretical courses was more than that of skills and practical courses. Moreover, the academic performance of skills and practical courses was lower than that of public and theoretical courses. Conclusion: The undergraduate dental courses have a progressive structure from basic professional knowledge to professional skills, which is reasonable for the dental education in China. However, some efforts towards curriculum reform based on this study are needed.

“一带一路”战略为高校外语专业开创的转型方向研究

“一带一路”战略的实施,不仅为我国和世界经济的发展带来了新的发展机遇,而且也对高校外语专业的改革和转型产生了巨大的引领和推动作用。这种引领和推动作用具体表现为:“一带一路”为高校外语专业的改革指明了转型的方向,“一带一路”为外语专业学生的就业和创业开辟了崭新的领域。在这种形势下,高校外语专业要抓住发展机遇,深化改革和实现转型,在“一带一路”战略的实施中寻求高校外语专业的更大发展。文章将分析和论述“一带一路”为高校外语专业开创的五个主要转型方向。

融合稀疏度加权的协同过滤算法研究

协同过滤算法在目前推荐系统中应用广泛,而如何寻找相似用户是协同过滤算法的核心,同时也是协同过滤算法发展的瓶颈,能否准确地找到相似用户决定了协同过滤算法的性能。但是由于评分矩阵的稀疏性问题,使得寻找相似用户十分困难,稀疏性问题严重制约着协同过滤算法的性能。为了解决稀疏性问题,提出了一种融合稀疏度进行加权的协同过滤算法。该算法首先重新定义了矩阵稀疏度计算方法,然后融合矩阵稀疏度对用户相似度进行加权,并以此来改进协同过滤算法。改进后的算法由于有效地利用了稀疏矩阵中的相似信息来寻找相似用户,因此算法的推荐性能得到了提高。实验结果表明,与传统的协同过滤算法比较,改进算法使推荐结果的准确率和覆盖率都得到了提高。

The RNA-binding protein Musashi2 governs osteoblast-adipocyte lineage commitment by suppressing PPARγsignaling

Osteoporosis caused by aging is characterized by reduced bone mass and accumulated adipocytes in the bone marrow cavity. How the balance between osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) is lost upon aging is still unclear. Here, we found that the RNA-binding protein Musashi2(Msi2) regulates BMSC lineage commitment. Msi2 is commonly enriched in stem cells and tumor cells. We found that its expression was downregulated during adipogenic differentiation and upregulated during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Msi2 knockout mice exhibited decreased bone mass with substantial accumulation of marrow adipocytes, similar to aging-induced osteoporosis. Depletion of Msi2 in BMSCs led to increased adipocyte commitment. Transcriptional profiling analysis revealed that Msi2 deficiency led to increased PPARγ signaling.RNA-interacting protein immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Msi2 could inhibit the translation of the key adipogenic factor Cebpα, thereby inhibiting PPAR signaling. Furthermore, the expression of Msi2 decreased significantly during the aging process of mice, indicating that decreased Msi2 function during aging contributes to abnormal accumulation of adipocytes in bone marrow and osteoporosis. Thus, our results provide a putative biochemical mechanism for aging-related osteoporosis, suggesting that modulating Msi2 function may benefit the treatment of bone aging.

Efficacy and mechanism of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs for diabetic macular edema patients

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a serious public health concern in China,with 30%of patients developing retinopathy,and diabetic macular edema(DME)having the biggest impact on vision.High blood glucose level can cause retinal cell hypoxia,thus promoting vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)formation and increasing vascular permeability,which induces DME.Moreover,cell hypoxia can accelerate the rate of apoptosis,which leads to the aging of patients.In severe cases,optic cell apoptosis or retinal fibrosis and permanent blindness may occur.AIM To investigate and compare the efficacy,mechanism,and differences between two anti-VEGF drugs(Compaq and ranibizumab)in DME patients.METHODS Ninety-six patients with DME who attended our hospital from April 2018 to February 2020 were included and randomly divided into two groups(Compaq group and ranibizumab group).The groups received vitreal cavity injections of 0.5 mg Compaq and 0.5 mg ranibizumab,respectively,once a month.The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP),macular retinal thickness(CMT),macular choroidal thickness(SFCT),foveal no perfusion area(FAZ),superficial capillary density,deep capillary density,treatment effect,and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment and between the two groups.RESULTS Before treatment and 1-mo post-treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the estimated BCVA in both groups(P>0.05).BCVA decreased in the Compaq group 3 mo after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,and 1 mo and 3 mo post-treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the estimated IOP in either group(P>0.05).Before treatment and 1-mo post-treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the estimated CMT,SFCT,or FAZ in either group(P>0.05).CMT and SFCT values decreased in the Compaq group 3 mo post-treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,and 1 mo and 3 mo post-treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in vascular density in the shallow or deep capillary plexi of the fovea,parafovea,or overall macular area between the two groups(P>0.05).Marked efficient,effective,and invalid rates were 70.83%and 52.08%,27.08%and 39.58%,and 2.08%and 8.33%in the Compaq and ranibizumab groups,respectively.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Anti-VEGF drugs can effectively improve CMT and SFCT,without affecting microcirculation,thus providing an effective and safe treatment for patients with DME.

植物提取液治理水产养殖尾水的工程实践

水体环境是水产养殖业赖以生存的物质基础,也是实现水产养殖产业可持续发展必须解决的核心问题。随着水产养殖业大规模发展,解决养殖尾水污染、大量消耗水资源问题已经刻不容缓。以植物提取液为制剂的水处理技术,对环境友好,对自然亲和,对水产品有保生促健作用。治理后的水体主要指标氨氮浓度为0.565 mg/L,下降到0.02 mg/L,总氮浓度为1.7 mg/L,下降到0.8 mg/L,均达到并超过国家地表水标准Ⅲ类,水产品存活率提高13.75%。养殖用水完全可以循环重复使用,减少池塘换水次数。

Multi-objective optimization for task offloading based on network calculus in fog environments

With the widespread application of wireless communication technology and continuous improvements to Internet of Things(IoT)technology,fog computing architecture composed of edge,fog,and cloud layers have become a research hotspot.This architecture uses Fog Nodes(FNs)close to users to implement certain cloud functions while compensating for cloud disadvantages.However,because of the limited computing and storage capabilities of a single FN,it is necessary to offload tasks to multiple cooperating FNs for task completion.To effectively and quickly realize task offloading,we use network calculus theory to establish an overall performance model for task offloading in a fog computing environment and propose a Globally Optimal Multi-objective Optimization algorithm for Task Offloading(GOMOTO)based on the performance model.The results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively reduce the total delay and total energy consumption of the system and improve the network Quality of Service(QoS).

树脂锚杆轴力分布与围岩强度的影响分析

树脂锚杆在我国煤矿巷道支护以及各类工程中都有广泛的应用,主要用于岩石岩土中的锚固支护。为研究不同围岩环境对树脂锚杆锚固性能的影响,利用非线性有限差分数值模拟软件Flac3D建立锚杆拉拔实验模型,分析不同围岩强度下树脂锚杆轴向位移和轴向应力分布的变化,结果表明:高围岩强度下的锚杆锚固段轴向应力相对增大,整体轴向位移降低,孔口处轴向位移相对较小,而低围岩强度下的轴向应力基本呈线性分布。不同围岩强度条件下的锚固剂剪应力变化趋势基本相同,距孔口约200 mm处的锚固剂剪应力分布曲线发生交汇,距孔口0~200 mm的坚硬强度围岩最大锚固剂剪应力较大,大于200 mm则软岩强度较大,根据结果提出了增强树脂锚杆拉拔性能的意见。

应用合理用药监测系统监测临床用药情况分析

目的分析应用合理用药监测系统监测临床用药情况,为临床合理用药提供帮助。方法对10000例医嘱应用合理用药监测系统进行监测,根据亮灯情况了解医嘱中存在的问题。结果医嘱中存在的问题的主要集中在药物相互作用、配伍禁忌、用药途径、儿童药物等方面,发生率分别为22.0%、16.6%、15.1%、11.8%。结论应用合理用药监测系统可以有效监测临床用药,及时发现不合理用药情况,从而大幅提升临床用药的合理性。

The effects of legumain in THP1 leukemia cells

Legumain is a C13 family cysteine protease.It plays diverse roles under both physiological and pathological conditions.The high-level expression of legumain is detected in solid tumors.Legumain promotes the proliferation and migration of tumor cells.However,the effect of legumain in blood diseases has not been established.In this report,we studied the effect of legumain on leukemia cells by overexpressing it in THP1 cells.The results demonstrated that legumain promoted cell proliferation,whereas it had little effect on cell apoptosis.Furthermore,legumain promoted the migration of THP1 cells.It was worth noting that legumain decreased the stemness of THP1 cells.Further evidence showed that legumain decreased the expression of Oct4,Sox2,Myc in THP1 cells.Our study reveals the multifaced effects of legumain in leukemia cells and broadens the knowledge of legumain in malignancies.

A novel pillar[5]arene-cucurbit[10]uril based host-guest complex: Synthesis, characterization and detection of paraquat

The macrocyclic family comprising pillar[n]arenes and cucurbit[n]urils have received much attention recently. However, studies on the construction of supramolecular complexes formed directly with derivatized pillar[n]arenes and cucurbit[n]urils are scant. Given the interest in such systems, herein we have synthesized a new type of naphthalene-derivatized pillar[n]arene NTP5 and selected Q[10] as the host molecule. The 4-[2-(1-naphthalenyl)ethenyl]pyridine of NTP5 is encapsulated by Q[10] and formed a hostguest complex in water-acetic acid(1:1) solution accompanied by enhanced fluorescence, which changed the morphology of NTP5 from a sphere to a porous form. In addition, the fluorescence of Q[10]-NTP5 can be quenched by the addition of the highly toxic pesticide paraquat(PQ), and the mechanism was shown to be the formation of a new charge transfer ternary system of Q[10]-NTP5-PQ. This work provides new ideas for the contribution of supramolecular assemblies based on derivatized pillar[n]arenes and their combination with cucurbit[n]urils and reveals their potential applications.

The Synthesis and Characterization of Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Ion Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides(Ldhs)

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are aclass of layered inorganic materials that consist ofstructurally positively charged layers and exchange-able anions in the interlayer gallery for charge bal-ance.The delamination of LDHs is decided by syn-thesis method to some extent.In this work,LDHsare synthesized via three different routes and theirdelamination properties are characterized.Co-precipitation methodion-exchange meth-

疾病诊断相关分类指标值在医院绩效考核分配体系中的应用

医院与企业运行模式有本质的区别,企业以盈利为主要目的,所有工作都是为了追逐最大的经济效益。而医院,尤其是国家开设的公立医院,更多的是要服务于社会,为社会做出更多的公益事业,承担属于医院的社会责任。而目前有些医院在绩效考核分配中更多地关注于经济效益,而不是关注于医院的技术水平以及服务水平,颠倒了主次关系,导致医院盲目追求经济效益,忽视了患者感受,无法达到真正服务于社会的目的。为了构建合理的医院绩效考核分配体系,将疾病诊断相关分类指标值引入医院绩效考核分配体系之中,促进医院具有更高的服务水平,对患者更加关注。居民的医疗水平得到满足,医疗费用、住院时间、治疗效果可以选择透明化,在绩效评价当中达到公开公正的选择。其次医院可以在适当的范围追求一定的经济效益,以技术提高为主体,经济效益提高为辅助,真正达到促进技术进步的效果。

A multiple-function fluorescent pillar[5]arene:Fe^(3+)/Ag^(+)detection and light-harvesting system

A novel pillar[5]arene(P5DPB)that includes a classicalπ-conjugated molecule,4,4'-(1,4-phenylenedi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis-pyridine(DPB),was designed and synthesized as a substituent.Because of this modification,P5DPB exhibits several unique properties that differ from those of common pillar[5]arenes.The P5DPB neutral pyridine shows good selectivity for Ag^(+)and Fe^(3+).The presence of Ag^(+)ions cause a blue shift(from yellow-green to green)and a decrease in the intensity of the P5DPB emission,while the addition of Fe^(3+)significantly quenches the P5DPB fluorescence.In addition,P5DPB satisfies the conditions for the construction of an energy transfer system with the commonly used Rhodamine B dye and shows great potential for the development of artificial light-harvesting systems.This work provides a new approach for the construction of energy transfer systems and a new reference for metal detection based on derivatized pillar[n]arenes,greatly enriching the applications of these systems.

Anti-biofilm and remineralization effects of chitosan hydrogel containing amelogeninderived peptide on initial caries lesions

In this study,we have designed a more clinically powerful anti-caries treatment by applying the amelogenin-derived peptide QP5 to the antibacterial carrier material chitosan in a hydrogel(CS-QP5 hydrogel),and characterized its effects on the inhibition of a cariogenic biofilm and the promotion of the remineralization of the initial caries lesions.The results indicated that the CS-QP5 hydrogel sustainably inhibited the growth of the Streptococcus mutans biofilm,lactic acid production and the metabolic activity over a prolonged period of time.Moreover,the CS-QP5 hydrogel promoted the remineralization of early enamel lesions,which were indicated by surface microhardness(,polarized light microscopy and transverse microradiography.In conclusion,the CS-QP5 hydrogel shows good potential for caries control in the clinic because of its antibacterial effects as well as the remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions even in a biofilm model over a prolonged period of time.

On-demand assembly of polymeric nanoparticles for longer-blood-circulation and disassembly in tumor for boosting sonodynamic therapy

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is one of the promising strategies for tumor therapy, but its application is usually hindered by fast clearance in blood-circulation, abnormal tumor microenvironment, and inefficient generation of reactive oxygen species. To solve these problems, we proposed an on-demand assembly-disassembly strategy, where the assembly is favorable for longer-blood-circulation and then the disassembly in tumor is favorable for boosting SDT. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) as the model of organic sonosensitizers were conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA). Then HA-HMME was mixed with catalase (CAT) and assembled into polymeric nanoparticles (CAT@HA-HMME NPs) with size of ~80 nm. CAT@HA-HMME NPs exhibit good biocompatibility and a longer blood half-time (t1/2 = 4.17 h) which is obviously longer than that (~0.82 h) of HMME molecules. After HA receptor-mediated endocytosis of cancer cells, CAT@HA-HMME NPs can be cleaved by endogenous hyaluronidase, resulting in the on-demand disassembly in tumor to release HA-HMME molecules and CAT. The CAT catalyzes the endogenous H_(2)O_(2) into O_(2) to relieve the hypoxic microenvironment, and the released HA-HMME exhibits a higher ROS generation ability, greatly boosting SDT for the inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, the on-demand assembly-disassembly strategy may provide some insight in the design and development of nanoagents for tumor therapy.

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass, and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability. Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster（SRB）. The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed. The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity. On the contrary, the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity. The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.

A Screening Approach for Mitochondrial tRNALeu（UUR） A3243G Mutation in a Hospital-Based Population with Diabetes

To the Editor：Diabetes caused by mitochondrial tRNALeu（UUR） A3243G mutation is one of the most common types ofmitochondrial diabetes mellitus （MDM）.Seventeen years ago,we reported that the prevalence of MDM was 0.4％ in clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） patients （n =716）.[1] Recently,we reviewed all the studies reporting MDM cases from grade three and first-class hospitals in China （unpublished） and found that the prevalence of MDM in a pooled randomly selected T2DM population was 0.64％.MDM patients are usually characterized by early age at diagnosis,low beta-cell function,and lack of obesity,insulin resistance,and autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus （T1DM）.

Promoting effect of a calcium-responsive self-assemblyβ-sheet peptide on collagen intrafibrillar mineralization

Recently,a de novo synthetic calcium-responsive self-assemblyβ-sheet peptide ID8(Ile-Asp-Ile-Asp-Ile-Asp-Ile-Asp)has been developed to serve as the template inducing hydroxyapatite nucleation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ID8 on intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen making full use of its self-assembly ability.The mineralization experiments were carried out in vitro on both bare TypeⅠcollagen and fully demineralized dentin samples.The calcium-responsive self-assembly of ID8 was revealed by circular dichroism spectrum,8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium salt hydrate assay,attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrum(ATR-FTIR)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Polyacrylic acid(450 kDa)with a concentration of 100μg ml^(-1)was selected as the nucleation inhibitor based on the determination of turbidimetry and TEM with selected area electron diffraction(TEM-SAED).The results showed that collagen intrafibrillar mineralization was significantly promoted with the pretreatment of self-assembly ID8 detected by TEM-SAED,SEM,X-ray diffraction and ATRFTIR.The pretreatment of collagen utilizing self-assembly ID8 not only enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bonding but also contributed to calcium retention inside collagen and significantly increased the hydrophilicity of collagen.These results indicated that peptides with self-assembly properties like ID8 are expected to be potential tools for biomimetic mineralization of collagen.