随着农村的快速发展,农村的环境问题越来越受到人们的关注,本研究在调查农村坑塘沟渠优势植物的基础上,选择香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)3种优势植物为研究对象,运用CIRAS-2...随着农村的快速发展,农村的环境问题越来越受到人们的关注,本研究在调查农村坑塘沟渠优势植物的基础上,选择香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)3种优势植物为研究对象,运用CIRAS-2便携式光合测定仪,测定3种植物的净光合速率日变化和蒸腾速率日变化。在此基础上,着重选取3种优势植物的固碳释氧、降温增湿效应开展比较研究。研究结果表明,单位叶面积的日固碳释氧能力表现为芦苇>水蓼>香蒲;单位叶面积的日降温增湿能力表现为水蓼>芦苇>香蒲;日固碳释氧能力和日降温增湿效果最弱的均为香蒲。该项研究结果可为农村坑塘沟渠中植物物种人工选择提供科学依据。展开更多
Zhongshuang 11(ZS11) is an elite inbred rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) cultivar widely planted in the Yangtze River basin for its favorable characteristics including high seed oil content(SOC), low seed glucosinolate con...Zhongshuang 11(ZS11) is an elite inbred rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) cultivar widely planted in the Yangtze River basin for its favorable characteristics including high seed oil content(SOC), low seed glucosinolate content(SGC), long siliques, and stable yield. To transfer the ideal traits from ZS11 into 195-14 A, a Polima(pol)-type cytoplasmic male sterile line with high general combining ability, a doubled haploid population derived from the cross of ZS11 and 195-14 A was developed. Based on this population,a high-density genetic linkage map covering 2553 c M with an average marker interval of 0.81 c M, was constructed using the Brassica 60 K SNP array and simple sequence repeats. In seven environments, 64,29, 35, 37, and 33 QTL were identified for silique length, seeds per silique, seed density per silique,SOC, and SGC, respectively. Most favorable alleles were from ZS11. Seventy-one consensus QTL were identified by a QTL meta-analysis, eight of which(cqSL–A9–2, cqSL–C7, cqSGC–C2, cqSOC–A5–2, cqSOC–A5–3, cqSPS–A6–2, cqSPS–A7–2, and cqSDPS–A9–2) were assigned as major QTL. Comparative genomics and expression analysis predicted 72 candidate genes underlying the 21 consensus QTL for the five traits.These findings suggest the genetic basis of the superior performance of ZS11 and suggest favorable alleles for development of cultivars with improved yield and quality. These results will assist in cloning these promising alleles in the future.展开更多
Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promote...Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promoted its spread to subtropical and temperate regions, making B. napus a major source of both vegetable oil and animal feed worldwide. Many studies have been conducted over the past two decades toward understanding the genetic architecture of flowering time in B. napus. However, largely restricted by the complicated allotetraploid genome, molecular basis of flowering time variation remains poorly understood in rapeseed.展开更多
Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000-60000 tons of low temperature coal output in...Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000-60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance （softening point, penetration and ductility） of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.展开更多
文摘随着农村的快速发展,农村的环境问题越来越受到人们的关注,本研究在调查农村坑塘沟渠优势植物的基础上,选择香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)3种优势植物为研究对象,运用CIRAS-2便携式光合测定仪,测定3种植物的净光合速率日变化和蒸腾速率日变化。在此基础上,着重选取3种优势植物的固碳释氧、降温增湿效应开展比较研究。研究结果表明,单位叶面积的日固碳释氧能力表现为芦苇>水蓼>香蒲;单位叶面积的日降温增湿能力表现为水蓼>芦苇>香蒲;日固碳释氧能力和日降温增湿效果最弱的均为香蒲。该项研究结果可为农村坑塘沟渠中植物物种人工选择提供科学依据。
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0101702)Key Projects in Shanghai Agricultural Science (2014, No. 7-1-1)partly supported by the Open Funds of the National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (ZK201909)。
文摘Zhongshuang 11(ZS11) is an elite inbred rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) cultivar widely planted in the Yangtze River basin for its favorable characteristics including high seed oil content(SOC), low seed glucosinolate content(SGC), long siliques, and stable yield. To transfer the ideal traits from ZS11 into 195-14 A, a Polima(pol)-type cytoplasmic male sterile line with high general combining ability, a doubled haploid population derived from the cross of ZS11 and 195-14 A was developed. Based on this population,a high-density genetic linkage map covering 2553 c M with an average marker interval of 0.81 c M, was constructed using the Brassica 60 K SNP array and simple sequence repeats. In seven environments, 64,29, 35, 37, and 33 QTL were identified for silique length, seeds per silique, seed density per silique,SOC, and SGC, respectively. Most favorable alleles were from ZS11. Seventy-one consensus QTL were identified by a QTL meta-analysis, eight of which(cqSL–A9–2, cqSL–C7, cqSGC–C2, cqSOC–A5–2, cqSOC–A5–3, cqSPS–A6–2, cqSPS–A7–2, and cqSDPS–A9–2) were assigned as major QTL. Comparative genomics and expression analysis predicted 72 candidate genes underlying the 21 consensus QTL for the five traits.These findings suggest the genetic basis of the superior performance of ZS11 and suggest favorable alleles for development of cultivars with improved yield and quality. These results will assist in cloning these promising alleles in the future.
文摘Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promoted its spread to subtropical and temperate regions, making B. napus a major source of both vegetable oil and animal feed worldwide. Many studies have been conducted over the past two decades toward understanding the genetic architecture of flowering time in B. napus. However, largely restricted by the complicated allotetraploid genome, molecular basis of flowering time variation remains poorly understood in rapeseed.
基金Acknowledgements The research performed in this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.41372320）, National Science Foundation of Shandong Province （ZR2015EQ009）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （06500036）.
文摘Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000-60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance （softening point, penetration and ductility） of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.
