Indium phosphide(InP) quantum dots(QDs) have shown great potential to replace the widely applied toxic cadmiumcontaining and lead perovskite QDs due to their similar emission wavelength range and emission peak width b...Indium phosphide(InP) quantum dots(QDs) have shown great potential to replace the widely applied toxic cadmiumcontaining and lead perovskite QDs due to their similar emission wavelength range and emission peak width but without intrinsic toxicity. Recently, electrically driven red and green InP-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs) have achieved great progress in external quantum efficiency(EQE), reaching up to 12.2% and 6.3%, respectively. Despite the relatively poor device performance comparing with cadmium selenide(CdSe)-and perovskite-based QLEDs, these encouraging facts with unique environmental friendliness and solution-processability foreshadow the enormous potential of InP-based QLEDs for energy-efficient, high-color-quality thin-film display and solid-state lighting applications. In this article, recent advances in the research of the InP-based QLEDs have been discussed, with the main focus on device structure selection and interface research, as well as our outlook for on-going strategies of high-efficiency InP-based QLEDs.展开更多
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to elucidate the influence of exit position on a dense granular flow in a two-dimensional channel. The results show that the dense flow rate remains constant when the...Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to elucidate the influence of exit position on a dense granular flow in a two-dimensional channel. The results show that the dense flow rate remains constant when the exit is far from the channel wall and increases exponentially when the exit moves close to the lateral position. Beverloo’s law proves to be successful in describing the relation between the dense flow rate and the exit size for both the center and the lateral exits.Further simulated results confirm the existence of arch-like structure of contact force above the exit. The effective exit size is enlarged when the exit moves from the center to the lateral position. As compared with the granular flow of the center exit, both the vertical velocities of the grains and the flow rate increase for the lateral exit.展开更多
We study the head-on collision of two solitary waves in a precompressed granular chain using the discrete element method.Our study takes the Toda chain solution as the initial condition for the simulations.The simulat...We study the head-on collision of two solitary waves in a precompressed granular chain using the discrete element method.Our study takes the Toda chain solution as the initial condition for the simulations.The simulation covers the dynamical evolution of the collision process from the start of the incident wave to the end of the collision.The interaction has a central collision region of about five-grain width in which two solitary waves merge completely and share only one peak.Four stages,i.e.,the pre-in-phase traveling stage,lag-phase collision state,lead-phase collision state,and post-in-phase traveling stage,are identified to describe the complex collision processes.Our results may be helpful for explaining the existence of long-lived solitary waves seen in the simulations by Takato and Sen[Europhys.Lett.100(2012)24003].展开更多
The Power Integrated Automation System has a large amount of the real-time data, it needs to achieve data sharing in different modules in its own system, sometimes even needs to be shared with the other systems. The t...The Power Integrated Automation System has a large amount of the real-time data, it needs to achieve data sharing in different modules in its own system, sometimes even needs to be shared with the other systems. The thesis discusses the characteristics and the ways of the real-time data sharing in the first place. Then, it compares the merits and drawbacks in different ways. Besides, it gives a viable resolution in different aspects, such as the design of the real-time database, the framework of the communication system and the design of the communication software, as well as the real-time data sharing in different systems.展开更多
Cellulose has a wide range of applications in many fields due to their naturally degradable and low-cost characteristics,but few studies can achieve cellulose-nanofibers by conventional electrospinning.Herein,we demon...Cellulose has a wide range of applications in many fields due to their naturally degradable and low-cost characteristics,but few studies can achieve cellulose-nanofibers by conventional electrospinning.Herein,we demonstrate that the freestanding cellulose-based carbon nanofibers are successfully obtained by a special design of electrospinning firstly,pre-oxidation and high-temperature carbonization(1600℃),which display a superior electrical conductivity of 31.2 S·cm^(-1)and larger specific surface area of 35.61 m^(2)·g^(-1)than that of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers(electrical conductivity of 18.5 S·cm^(-1),specific surface area of 12 m^(2)·g^(-1).The NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanoflake arrays are grown uniformly on the cellulose-based carbon nanofibers successfully by a facile one-step solvothermal and calcination method.The as-prepared cellulose-based carbon nanofibers/NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanoflake arrays are directly used as electrodes to achieve a high specific capacitance of 1010 F·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)and a good cycling stability with 90.84%capacitance retention after 3000 times at 10 A·g^(-1).Furthermore,the all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors assembled from the cellulose-based carbon nanofibers/NiCo_(2)O_(4)deliver a high energy density of 62 W·h·kg(-1) at a power density of 1200 W·kg^(-1).Six all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors in series can also power a‘DHU’logo consisted of 36 light emitting diodes,confirming that the cellulose-based carbon nanofiber is a promising carbon matrix material for energy storage devices.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Lisingle bondS)batteries are considered as one of the most promising high-energy storage devices due to the high theoretical capacity(1675 mA·h·g^(-1))and large energy density(2600 W·h...Lithium-sulfur(Lisingle bondS)batteries are considered as one of the most promising high-energy storage devices due to the high theoretical capacity(1675 mA·h·g^(-1))and large energy density(2600 W·h·kg^(-1)).However,the poor conductivity of sulfur and“shuttle effect”of soluble polysulfide intermediates limit practical applications of Lisingle bondS batteries.Herein,four kinds of carbon sub-micro fibers with different structures were designed and prepared,the effect of structure on Lisingle bondS battery was studied.On this basis,the XO(X=Ti,Mn)decorated hollow multi-channel carbon sub-micro carbon fibers(HMCMFs)were prepared by electrospinning and carbonization.The HMCMFs can not only supply nanopores for relieving the expansion of sulfur but also served as high conductivity freestanding substrate for sulfur loading,meanwhile the decorated XO(X=Ti,Mn)can provide powerful chemical adsorption to polysulfide intermediates and limit“shuttle effect”Therefore,the TiO-HMCMFs/S composite shows high specific capacity of 900 mA·h·g^(-1)and maintain stable specific capacities up to∼600 mA·h·g^(-1)over 300 cycles at 0.1 A·g^(-1).This work offers a facile method to build efficient sulfur cathode to acquire Lisingle bondS batteries with high performance.展开更多
Fiber-reinforced composites are a popular lightweight materials used in a variety of engineering applications,such as aerospace,architecture,automotive,and marine construction,due to their attractive mechanical proper...Fiber-reinforced composites are a popular lightweight materials used in a variety of engineering applications,such as aerospace,architecture,automotive,and marine construction,due to their attractive mechanical properties.Constructing lattice materials from fiber-reinforced composites is an efficient approach for developing ultra-lightweight structural systems with superior mechanical proper-ties and multifunctional benefits.In contrast to corrugated,foam,and honeycomb core materials,composite lattice materials can be manufactured with various architectural designs,such as woven,grid,and truss cores.Moreover,lattice materials with open-cell topology provide multifunctional advantages over conventional closed-cell honeycomb and foam structures and are thus highly desirable for developing aerospace systems,hypersonic vehicles,long-range rockets and missiles,ship and naval structures,and protective systems.The objective of this study is to review and analyze dynamic mechanical behavior performed by different researchers in the area of composite lattice materials and to highlight topics for future research.展开更多
Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)based on perovskite semiconductor materials with tunable emission wavelength in visible light range as well as narrow linewidth are potential competitors among current light-emitting display...Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)based on perovskite semiconductor materials with tunable emission wavelength in visible light range as well as narrow linewidth are potential competitors among current light-emitting display technologies,but still suffer from severe instability driven by electric field.Here,we develop a stable,efficient and highcolor purity hybrid LED with a tandem structure by combining the perovskite LED and the commercial organic LED technologies to accelerate the practical application of perovskites.Perovskite LED and organic LED with close photoluminescence peak are selected to maximize photon emission without photon reabsorption and to achieve the narrowed emission spectra.By designing an efficient interconnecting layer with p-type interface doping that provides good opto-electric coupling and reduces Joule heating,the resulting green emitting hybrid LED shows a narrow linewidth of around 30 nm,a peak luminance of over 176,000 cd m^(−2),a maximum external quantum efficiency of over 40%,and an operational half-lifetime of over 42,000 h.展开更多
Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive link...Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive linkage(AuNRs@DOX),for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer.First,AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells.After endocytosis,the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin,which leads to chemotherapeutic effects.The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX,but also photothermal conversion agents.In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser,AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect,which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells,leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
In recent years,the carbon-based fibers(CBFs)including carbon fibers,carbon nanotube fibers and graphene fibers have received extensive attention due to excellent thermal,electrical and mechanical properties.Here,the ...In recent years,the carbon-based fibers(CBFs)including carbon fibers,carbon nanotube fibers and graphene fibers have received extensive attention due to excellent thermal,electrical and mechanical properties.Here,the current status of CBFs is reviewed from the following aspects:sprecursors,preparation,performance and application.The precursor systems including acrylonitrile copolymers,pitch,cellulose and lignin,carbon nanotube,graphene and other rare synthetic polymeric precursors.The relationship of preparation method and performance of CBFs is presented.In addition,this review gives the overview of application and future development of CBFs.展开更多
Basic oxygen furnace slag(BOFS) has the potential to remove hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI))from wastewater by a redox process due to the presence of minerals containing Fe2+. The effects of the solution p H, initia...Basic oxygen furnace slag(BOFS) has the potential to remove hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI))from wastewater by a redox process due to the presence of minerals containing Fe2+. The effects of the solution p H, initial Cr(VI) concentration, BOFS dosage, BOFS particle size, and temperature on the removal of Cr(VI) was investigated in detail through batch tests. The chemical and mineral compositions of fresh and reacted BOFS were characterized using scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)system and X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results show that Cr(VI) in wastewater can be efficiently removed by Fe2+released from BOFS under appropriate acidic conditions. The removal of Cr(VI) by BOFS significantly depended on the parameters mentioned above. The reaction of Cr(VI) with BOFS followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fe2+responsible for Cr(VI) removal was primarily derived from the dissolution of Fe O and Fe3O4 in BOFS. When H2SO4 was used to adjust the solution acidity, gypsum(Ca SO4·2H2O)could be formed and become an armoring precipitate layer on the BOFS surface, hindering the release of Fe2+and the removal of Cr(VI). Finally, the main mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by BOFS was described using several consecutive reaction steps.展开更多
Designing bio-inspired flow fields holds great potential in improving the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC).Two kinds of biological prototypes are widely used:plant prototype and animal prototyp...Designing bio-inspired flow fields holds great potential in improving the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC).Two kinds of biological prototypes are widely used:plant prototype and animal prototype.It remains a question which one of these prototypes is more appropriate for the scenario of PEMFC.Here,a comparative study was conducted to compare bionic flow fields based on animal and plant prototypes.First,a Corn Leaf Vein Mathematical Model(CLMM)was established by extracting structural parameters from corn leaves of two growth stages.Then the obtained CLMM and well-known Murray’s law were employed to design bionic flow fields corresponding to the plant and animal prototypes,respectively,which have been subsequently compared by numerical investigations.The results demonstrate that the flow field guided by Murray’s law outperforms the counterpart based on the structural parameters of CLMM in terms of PEMFC net output power,mass transport,water management and pressure drop,suggesting that animal circulation system is more suitable to the bionic flow field design of PEMFC than plant leaf veins.The work may also offer valuable insights into the design of other flow fields related to electrochemical energy conversion.展开更多
Failure mechanism and impact resistance of a human porous cranium are studied in detail by means of theoretical and numerical methods.It is hypothesized that pore distribution of a cranium directly affects cranial ene...Failure mechanism and impact resistance of a human porous cranium are studied in detail by means of theoretical and numerical methods.It is hypothesized that pore distribution of a cranium directly affects cranial energy absorption,and a stretched beam model and a real beam model are taken as the example for the verification.Meanwhile,for the purpose of comparison with numerical results,a theoretical model is also proposed for the prediction of residual velocity and contact force of the impactor for an impacted skull.Compared with the real beam model,the stretched beam model containing through-thickness pores is easily deformed under the impact,thereby buffering well the external impact energy.The energy absorption efficiency of both the stretched beam model and real beam model is concerned with the threshold velocity for penetration which is directly related to the size of the structural damage area.Overall,there is good agreement between numerical and theoretical results.In addition,the effect of structural geometric parameters(shape and size of the impactor)on the impact resistance of the skull bone is theoretically investigated.The study provides reference for the evaluation of the energy absorption and failure mechanism of the skull under impact loads.展开更多
This paper looks into the effects of various porous structures used in the construction of the shell of a protective helmet on the energy absorption capacity and their efficacy in protecting the head/skull against imp...This paper looks into the effects of various porous structures used in the construction of the shell of a protective helmet on the energy absorption capacity and their efficacy in protecting the head/skull against impact force.It is well known that porous structures are very effective for energy absorption;hence,they have been widely used to reduce the negative effects of impact and explosion loads on the human skull.Porous shell structures,made from titanium alloy(Ti–6Al–4V)and,comprised of several periodic topological configurations,namely the more common rectangle and hexagonal honeycomb,as well as those having auxetic properties,namely the concave honeycomb and double-arrow,are studied by means of numerical modeling.The reliability of the numerical model is validated with the published experimental results.For the double-arrow configurations,the study involves three different densities,and the structural energy absorption capacity of the double-arrow shells increases with density.For the same density,the energy absorption capacity of the rectangular shell is the best,and that of the honeycomb is the worst.The superior performance of the rectangular configuration is partly derived from the fact that the orientation of the struts in this structure is aligned along the direction of the impact force.Further comparison of energy absorption capacity is made between the porous shell and a shell having a traditional titanium monolayer.The severe plastic deformation in the solid titanium shell(traditional monolayer shell)is detrimental to the overall effectiveness of head protection gear.Apart from this,compared with the Kevlar composite laminated shell of the same mass,both the solid and porous titanium shells provide considerable protection to the human head.The comprehensive comparisons show that the porous design on the titanium shell is beneficial for mitigating the risks of traumatic brain injuries(TBIs).展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51675322,61605109,and 61735004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0401702)+2 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee,China(Grant No.19010500600)Shanghai Rising-Star Program,China(Grant No.17QA1401600)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning,China
文摘Indium phosphide(InP) quantum dots(QDs) have shown great potential to replace the widely applied toxic cadmiumcontaining and lead perovskite QDs due to their similar emission wavelength range and emission peak width but without intrinsic toxicity. Recently, electrically driven red and green InP-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs) have achieved great progress in external quantum efficiency(EQE), reaching up to 12.2% and 6.3%, respectively. Despite the relatively poor device performance comparing with cadmium selenide(CdSe)-and perovskite-based QLEDs, these encouraging facts with unique environmental friendliness and solution-processability foreshadow the enormous potential of InP-based QLEDs for energy-efficient, high-color-quality thin-film display and solid-state lighting applications. In this article, recent advances in the research of the InP-based QLEDs have been discussed, with the main focus on device structure selection and interface research, as well as our outlook for on-going strategies of high-efficiency InP-based QLEDs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11574153)
文摘Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to elucidate the influence of exit position on a dense granular flow in a two-dimensional channel. The results show that the dense flow rate remains constant when the exit is far from the channel wall and increases exponentially when the exit moves close to the lateral position. Beverloo’s law proves to be successful in describing the relation between the dense flow rate and the exit size for both the center and the lateral exits.Further simulated results confirm the existence of arch-like structure of contact force above the exit. The effective exit size is enlarged when the exit moves from the center to the lateral position. As compared with the granular flow of the center exit, both the vertical velocities of the grains and the flow rate increase for the lateral exit.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11574153)。
文摘We study the head-on collision of two solitary waves in a precompressed granular chain using the discrete element method.Our study takes the Toda chain solution as the initial condition for the simulations.The simulation covers the dynamical evolution of the collision process from the start of the incident wave to the end of the collision.The interaction has a central collision region of about five-grain width in which two solitary waves merge completely and share only one peak.Four stages,i.e.,the pre-in-phase traveling stage,lag-phase collision state,lead-phase collision state,and post-in-phase traveling stage,are identified to describe the complex collision processes.Our results may be helpful for explaining the existence of long-lived solitary waves seen in the simulations by Takato and Sen[Europhys.Lett.100(2012)24003].
文摘The Power Integrated Automation System has a large amount of the real-time data, it needs to achieve data sharing in different modules in its own system, sometimes even needs to be shared with the other systems. The thesis discusses the characteristics and the ways of the real-time data sharing in the first place. Then, it compares the merits and drawbacks in different ways. Besides, it gives a viable resolution in different aspects, such as the design of the real-time database, the framework of the communication system and the design of the communication software, as well as the real-time data sharing in different systems.
基金supported by Key Support Project of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(Grant No.21M1060212)Open Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composite Materials(Grant No.2232019A4-02)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51503086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Donghua University(Grant No.CUSF-DH-D-2022013).
文摘Cellulose has a wide range of applications in many fields due to their naturally degradable and low-cost characteristics,but few studies can achieve cellulose-nanofibers by conventional electrospinning.Herein,we demonstrate that the freestanding cellulose-based carbon nanofibers are successfully obtained by a special design of electrospinning firstly,pre-oxidation and high-temperature carbonization(1600℃),which display a superior electrical conductivity of 31.2 S·cm^(-1)and larger specific surface area of 35.61 m^(2)·g^(-1)than that of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers(electrical conductivity of 18.5 S·cm^(-1),specific surface area of 12 m^(2)·g^(-1).The NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanoflake arrays are grown uniformly on the cellulose-based carbon nanofibers successfully by a facile one-step solvothermal and calcination method.The as-prepared cellulose-based carbon nanofibers/NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanoflake arrays are directly used as electrodes to achieve a high specific capacitance of 1010 F·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)and a good cycling stability with 90.84%capacitance retention after 3000 times at 10 A·g^(-1).Furthermore,the all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors assembled from the cellulose-based carbon nanofibers/NiCo_(2)O_(4)deliver a high energy density of 62 W·h·kg(-1) at a power density of 1200 W·kg^(-1).Six all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors in series can also power a‘DHU’logo consisted of 36 light emitting diodes,confirming that the cellulose-based carbon nanofiber is a promising carbon matrix material for energy storage devices.
基金This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.22D110632)Open project of Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Fibers and Composites(Province-Minitry Joint,No.X12812101/013)+1 种基金Key Support Project of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(No.21M1060212)Large Aircraft Special Fund of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(No.21M1060275).
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Lisingle bondS)batteries are considered as one of the most promising high-energy storage devices due to the high theoretical capacity(1675 mA·h·g^(-1))and large energy density(2600 W·h·kg^(-1)).However,the poor conductivity of sulfur and“shuttle effect”of soluble polysulfide intermediates limit practical applications of Lisingle bondS batteries.Herein,four kinds of carbon sub-micro fibers with different structures were designed and prepared,the effect of structure on Lisingle bondS battery was studied.On this basis,the XO(X=Ti,Mn)decorated hollow multi-channel carbon sub-micro carbon fibers(HMCMFs)were prepared by electrospinning and carbonization.The HMCMFs can not only supply nanopores for relieving the expansion of sulfur but also served as high conductivity freestanding substrate for sulfur loading,meanwhile the decorated XO(X=Ti,Mn)can provide powerful chemical adsorption to polysulfide intermediates and limit“shuttle effect”Therefore,the TiO-HMCMFs/S composite shows high specific capacity of 900 mA·h·g^(-1)and maintain stable specific capacities up to∼600 mA·h·g^(-1)over 300 cycles at 0.1 A·g^(-1).This work offers a facile method to build efficient sulfur cathode to acquire Lisingle bondS batteries with high performance.
基金National Science Foundations of China,Grant/Award Numbers:11572100,11302060,11432004,11421091,12061160461Program for Outstanding Young Scholars in Harbin Institute of Technology+3 种基金Natural Scientific Research Innovation Foundation in Harbin Institute of Technology,Grant/Award Number:HIT.NSRIF.2014025Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environment LaboratoryAlexander von Humboldt Foundation(University of Siegen,Germany),Grant/Award Number:1155520National Science Foundation(NSF),Grant/Award Number:CMMI-1634560。
文摘Fiber-reinforced composites are a popular lightweight materials used in a variety of engineering applications,such as aerospace,architecture,automotive,and marine construction,due to their attractive mechanical properties.Constructing lattice materials from fiber-reinforced composites is an efficient approach for developing ultra-lightweight structural systems with superior mechanical proper-ties and multifunctional benefits.In contrast to corrugated,foam,and honeycomb core materials,composite lattice materials can be manufactured with various architectural designs,such as woven,grid,and truss cores.Moreover,lattice materials with open-cell topology provide multifunctional advantages over conventional closed-cell honeycomb and foam structures and are thus highly desirable for developing aerospace systems,hypersonic vehicles,long-range rockets and missiles,ship and naval structures,and protective systems.The objective of this study is to review and analyze dynamic mechanical behavior performed by different researchers in the area of composite lattice materials and to highlight topics for future research.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0200200 and 2022YFB3606504)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62174104 and 62122034)+1 种基金Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(22XD1421200)G.C.also thanks financial support from Shanghai S&T Committee Project 20392001100.
文摘Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)based on perovskite semiconductor materials with tunable emission wavelength in visible light range as well as narrow linewidth are potential competitors among current light-emitting display technologies,but still suffer from severe instability driven by electric field.Here,we develop a stable,efficient and highcolor purity hybrid LED with a tandem structure by combining the perovskite LED and the commercial organic LED technologies to accelerate the practical application of perovskites.Perovskite LED and organic LED with close photoluminescence peak are selected to maximize photon emission without photon reabsorption and to achieve the narrowed emission spectra.By designing an efficient interconnecting layer with p-type interface doping that provides good opto-electric coupling and reduces Joule heating,the resulting green emitting hybrid LED shows a narrow linewidth of around 30 nm,a peak luminance of over 176,000 cd m^(−2),a maximum external quantum efficiency of over 40%,and an operational half-lifetime of over 42,000 h.
基金The authors are grateful to the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0700804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51673171)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR16E030001,LR15H160001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2018QNA4057)This study is supported in part by Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics(Zhejiang University),Ministry of Education,P.R.China/Women’s Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province/Uterine Tumors Research Center of Zhejiang Province(ZDFY2017-RG/RH-001).
文摘Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency.Here,we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pHsensitive linkage(AuNRs@DOX),for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer.First,AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells.After endocytosis,the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin,which leads to chemotherapeutic effects.The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX,but also photothermal conversion agents.In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser,AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect,which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells,leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.
基金This work was supported by Key Support Project of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(No.21M1060212)Open project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composite Materials(No.2232019A4-02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51503086).
文摘In recent years,the carbon-based fibers(CBFs)including carbon fibers,carbon nanotube fibers and graphene fibers have received extensive attention due to excellent thermal,electrical and mechanical properties.Here,the current status of CBFs is reviewed from the following aspects:sprecursors,preparation,performance and application.The precursor systems including acrylonitrile copolymers,pitch,cellulose and lignin,carbon nanotube,graphene and other rare synthetic polymeric precursors.The relationship of preparation method and performance of CBFs is presented.In addition,this review gives the overview of application and future development of CBFs.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62174104,61735004,and 12174086)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0401702)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(19010500600)。
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(No.N130302004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21407020)
文摘Basic oxygen furnace slag(BOFS) has the potential to remove hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI))from wastewater by a redox process due to the presence of minerals containing Fe2+. The effects of the solution p H, initial Cr(VI) concentration, BOFS dosage, BOFS particle size, and temperature on the removal of Cr(VI) was investigated in detail through batch tests. The chemical and mineral compositions of fresh and reacted BOFS were characterized using scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)system and X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results show that Cr(VI) in wastewater can be efficiently removed by Fe2+released from BOFS under appropriate acidic conditions. The removal of Cr(VI) by BOFS significantly depended on the parameters mentioned above. The reaction of Cr(VI) with BOFS followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fe2+responsible for Cr(VI) removal was primarily derived from the dissolution of Fe O and Fe3O4 in BOFS. When H2SO4 was used to adjust the solution acidity, gypsum(Ca SO4·2H2O)could be formed and become an armoring precipitate layer on the BOFS surface, hindering the release of Fe2+and the removal of Cr(VI). Finally, the main mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by BOFS was described using several consecutive reaction steps.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975245 and 52075214)Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Department(20200201058JC and 20190303039SF)+3 种基金Key Science and Technology R&D Projects of Jilin Province(2020C023-3)Program of Jilin University Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(2020TD-03)Youth Development Program of Jilin University(2020-JCXK-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Designing bio-inspired flow fields holds great potential in improving the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC).Two kinds of biological prototypes are widely used:plant prototype and animal prototype.It remains a question which one of these prototypes is more appropriate for the scenario of PEMFC.Here,a comparative study was conducted to compare bionic flow fields based on animal and plant prototypes.First,a Corn Leaf Vein Mathematical Model(CLMM)was established by extracting structural parameters from corn leaves of two growth stages.Then the obtained CLMM and well-known Murray’s law were employed to design bionic flow fields corresponding to the plant and animal prototypes,respectively,which have been subsequently compared by numerical investigations.The results demonstrate that the flow field guided by Murray’s law outperforms the counterpart based on the structural parameters of CLMM in terms of PEMFC net output power,mass transport,water management and pressure drop,suggesting that animal circulation system is more suitable to the bionic flow field design of PEMFC than plant leaf veins.The work may also offer valuable insights into the design of other flow fields related to electrochemical energy conversion.
基金This study was funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 12002107)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant BX20190101)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant 2019M661268)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Financial Assistance(Grant LBH-Z19061)The present work was also supported in part by Alexander von Humboldt Foundation(Grant 1155520)(University of Siegen,Germany)the Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environment Laboratory,Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant YESS20160190).
文摘Failure mechanism and impact resistance of a human porous cranium are studied in detail by means of theoretical and numerical methods.It is hypothesized that pore distribution of a cranium directly affects cranial energy absorption,and a stretched beam model and a real beam model are taken as the example for the verification.Meanwhile,for the purpose of comparison with numerical results,a theoretical model is also proposed for the prediction of residual velocity and contact force of the impactor for an impacted skull.Compared with the real beam model,the stretched beam model containing through-thickness pores is easily deformed under the impact,thereby buffering well the external impact energy.The energy absorption efficiency of both the stretched beam model and real beam model is concerned with the threshold velocity for penetration which is directly related to the size of the structural damage area.Overall,there is good agreement between numerical and theoretical results.In addition,the effect of structural geometric parameters(shape and size of the impactor)on the impact resistance of the skull bone is theoretically investigated.The study provides reference for the evaluation of the energy absorption and failure mechanism of the skull under impact loads.
基金This study was funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12002107)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.:BX20190101)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.:2019M661268)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Financial Assistance(Grant No.:LBH-Z19061)The present work was also supported by the von Humboldt Foundation under grant award 1155520(University of Siegen,Germany)the Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environment Laboratory,Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS20160190).
文摘This paper looks into the effects of various porous structures used in the construction of the shell of a protective helmet on the energy absorption capacity and their efficacy in protecting the head/skull against impact force.It is well known that porous structures are very effective for energy absorption;hence,they have been widely used to reduce the negative effects of impact and explosion loads on the human skull.Porous shell structures,made from titanium alloy(Ti–6Al–4V)and,comprised of several periodic topological configurations,namely the more common rectangle and hexagonal honeycomb,as well as those having auxetic properties,namely the concave honeycomb and double-arrow,are studied by means of numerical modeling.The reliability of the numerical model is validated with the published experimental results.For the double-arrow configurations,the study involves three different densities,and the structural energy absorption capacity of the double-arrow shells increases with density.For the same density,the energy absorption capacity of the rectangular shell is the best,and that of the honeycomb is the worst.The superior performance of the rectangular configuration is partly derived from the fact that the orientation of the struts in this structure is aligned along the direction of the impact force.Further comparison of energy absorption capacity is made between the porous shell and a shell having a traditional titanium monolayer.The severe plastic deformation in the solid titanium shell(traditional monolayer shell)is detrimental to the overall effectiveness of head protection gear.Apart from this,compared with the Kevlar composite laminated shell of the same mass,both the solid and porous titanium shells provide considerable protection to the human head.The comprehensive comparisons show that the porous design on the titanium shell is beneficial for mitigating the risks of traumatic brain injuries(TBIs).