Optimization of energy consumption structure based on carbon emission reduction target:A case study in Shandong Province,China

It is urgent to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions to actively deal with global warming.This paper investigates Shandong Province,a typical province of energy consumption,as the research object,aiming to optimize total energy consumption and consumption structure in the future planning year.This paper constructs a methodological system to optimize energy consumption structure in Shandong Province,using a scenario combination of system dynamics(SD)prediction and analysis based on the coupling of key scenario elements affecting different energy consumption from different perspectives.Structural equation modeling and SD sensitivity analysis indicate an overlap between key factors restricting energy consumption.Pairing the key scenario factors can better reflect the internal mechanism of energy consumption development.Based on this,21 scenarios based on different combinations of the key elements are constructed.Through SD prediction and analysis,the most suitable scenario mode for optimizing energy consumption structure in Shandong Province is selected.This paper provides a suitable development range for the average gross domestic product growth rate,the proportion of secondary industry,energy consumption intensity of secondary industry,and the urbanization rate for Shandong Province.This paper can provide a reference for similar research and the government in formulating the optimization scheme of energy consumption structure.

Evaluation and advancement of the integrated circular economy model of farming and stock raising

The integrated circular economy model of farming and stock raising(ICEMFSR)has attracted increased attention as an effective model for solving the current irrational allocation of agricultural resources and realizing the agricultural value-added industrial chain.This study uses emergy analysis to comprehensively examine and evaluate the economic benefits,environmental pressures,and sustainable development levels of ICEMFSR in Shucheng County,China.The results show that the ICEMFSR possesses the value of popularization with optimally allocated resources in the studied region,in which the emergy yield ratio(EYR),emergy loading ratio(ELR),and emergy sustainable index(ESI)in this model accounted for 3.59,1.25,and 2.89,respectively.This result indicates a leading position in the national agricultural system.Hence,this study constructs a new model based on the coupling of emergy evaluation and multi-objective linear programming to study ICEMFSR.Consequently,the EYR,ELR,and ESI respectively varied by +24.23%,10.40%,and +38.06%after replanning of ICEMFSR.This variation implies a significant improvement in the sustainable development level of the model.In addition,the optimized scenario design for key substances is proposed based on traceability and the reduce-reuse-recycle principle,including biogasification of crop straw and enhancement of crop scientific planting capacity.

Mariannaea sp.HJ合成纳米金银合金的特性考察

利用微生物合成纳米金银合金(Au-AgNPs)具有操作简便、生态友好等特点,但目前利用真菌合成的相关研究较少。本研究利用真菌Mariannaea sp.HJ胞内提取物合成纳米金银合金,考察了不同的金银离子浓度比例对生物合成纳米金银合金特性的影响。实验表明,金银离子浓度比例对生物纳米金银合金的组成影响较大,随着银离子浓度比例的增加,反应体系颜色会由浅紫色逐渐变为棕色,紫外-可见特征吸收峰发生了明显的蓝移,合成的纳米金银合金中银的比例也会逐渐增加。透射电子显微镜表明纳米金银合金的形貌主要为球形和伪球形,在0.5∶0.5、0.5∶1.5以及0.5∶3.0三种金银离子浓度比例下,纳米颗粒的平均粒径分别为19.24 nm、15.99 nm和19.33 nm。X射线衍射光谱结果显示纳米金银合金的晶胞为面心立方结构。利用傅里叶转换红外线光谱表征推测参与纳米金银合金还原稳定的官能团可能为-OH、-NH3、-COOH。此外,本研究以4-硝基苯酚为底物探究生物纳米金银合金的催化特性,结果表明纳米金银合金对4-硝基苯酚具有良好的催化活性,其催化反应速率常数为7.85×10^–3 s^–1。上述结果表明,真菌Mariannaea sp.HJ能够合成分散性较好的纳米金银合金,在催化还原硝基芳烃污染物方面具有潜在的应用价值。

Unraveling the skatole biodegradation process in an enrichment consortium using integrated omics and culture-dependent strategies

3-Methylindole(skatole)is regarded as one of the most offensive compounds in odor emission.Biodegradation is feasible for skatole removal but the functional species and genes responsible for skatole degradation remain enigmatic.In this study,an efficient aerobic skatole-degrading consortium was obtained.Rhodococcus and Pseudomonas were identified as the two major and active populations by integrated metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses.Bioinformatic analyses indicated that the skatole downstream degradation wasmainly via the catechol pathway,and upstream degradation was likely catalyzed by the aromatic ring-hydroxylating oxygenase and flavin monooxygenase.Genome binning and gene analyses indicated that Pseudomonas,Pseudoclavibacter,and Raineyella should cooperate with Rhodococcus for the skatole degradation process.Moreover,a pure strain Rhodococcus sp.DMU1 was successfully obtained which could utilize skatole as the sole carbon source.Complete genome sequencing showed that strain DMU1 was the predominant population in the consortium.Further crude enzyme and RT-qPCR assays indicated that strain DMU1 degraded skatole through the catechol ortho-cleavage pathway.Collectively,our results suggested that synergistic degradation of skatole in the consortium should be performed by diverse bacteria with Rhodococcus as the primary degrader,and the degradation mainly proceeded via the catechol pathway.

China's policy framework for carbon capture,utilization and storage:Review,analysis,and outlook

Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)is estimated to contribute substantial CO_(2)emission reduction to carbon neutrality in China.There is yet a large gap between such enormous demand and the current capacity,and thus a sound enabling environment with sufficient policy support is imperative for CCUS development.This study reviewed 59 CCUS-related policy documents issued by the Chinese government as of July 2022,and found that a supporting policy framework for CCUS is taking embryonic form in China.More than ten departments of the central government have involved CCUS in their policies,of which the State Council,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),and the Ministry of Ecological Environment(MEE)have given the greatest attention with different focuses.Specific policy terms are further analyzed following the method of content analysis and categorized into supply-,environment-and demand-type policies.The results indicate that supply-type policies are unbalanced in policy objectives,as policy terms on technology research and demonstration greatly outnumber those on other objectives,and the attention to weak links and industrial sectors is far from sufficient.Environment-type policies,especially legislations,standards,and incentives,are inadequate in pertinence and operability.Demand-type policies are absent in the current policy system but is essential to drive the demand for the CCUS technology in domestic and foreign markets.To meet the reduction demand of China's carbon neutral goal,policies need to be tailored according to needs of each specific technology and implemented in an orderly manner with well-balanced use on multiple objectives.

Biodegradation of indole by a newly isolated Cupriavidus sp. SHE

Indole, a typical nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic pollutant, is extensively spread in industrial wastewater. Microbial degradation has been proven to be a feasible approach to remove indole, whereas the microbial resources are fairly limited. A bacterial strain designated as SHE was isolated and found to be an efficient indole degrader. It was identified as Cupriavidus sp. according to 16 SrRNA gene analysis. Strain SHE could utilize indole as the sole carbon source and almost completely degrade 100 mg/L of indole within 24 hr. It still harbored relatively high indole degradation capacity within p H 4–9 and temperature 25°C–35°C. Experiments also showed that some heavy metals such as Mn2＋, Pb2＋and Co2＋did not pose severe inhibition on indole degradation. Based on high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrum analysis, isatin was identified as a minor intermediate during the process of indole biodegradation. A major yellow product with m/z 265.0605（C15H8N2O3） was generated and accumulated, suggesting a novel indole conversion pathway existed. Genome analysis of strain SHE indicated that there existed a rich set of oxidoreductases, which might be the key reason for the efficient degradation of indole. The robust degradation ability of strain SHE makes it a promising candidate for the treatment of indole containing wastewater.