With the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),safety problems are the great obstacles that restrict large-scale applications of LIBs,especially for the high-energy-density electric vehicle industry.Develop...With the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),safety problems are the great obstacles that restrict large-scale applications of LIBs,especially for the high-energy-density electric vehicle industry.Developing component materials(e.g.,cathode,anode,electrolyte,and separator)with high thermal stability and intrinsic safety is the ultimate solution to improve the safety of LIBs.Separators are crucial components that do not directly participate in electrochemical reactions during charging/discharging processes,but play a vital role in determining the electrochemical performance and safety of LIBs.In this review,the recent advances on traditional separators modified with ceramic materials and multifunctional separators ranging from the prevention of the thermal runaway to the flame retardant are summarized.The component–structure–performance relationship of separators and their effect on the comprehensive performance of LIBs are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the research challenges and future directions toward the advancement in separators for high-safety LIBs are also proposed.展开更多
New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh o...New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh operating conditions. Here we report on the synthesis of a unique ionogel electrolyte for abuse-tolerant lithium batteries. A hierarchically architected silica/polymer scaffold is designed and fabricated through a facile soft chemistry route, which is competent to confine ionic liquids with superior uptake ability (92.4 wt%). The monolithic ionogel exhibits high conductivity and thermal/mechanical stability, featuring high-temperature elastic modulus and dendrite-free lithium cycling. The Li/LiFePO_(4) pouch cells achieve outstanding cyclability at different temperatures up to 150 ℃, and can sustain cutting, crumpling, and even coupled thermal–mechanical abuses. Moreover, the solid-state lithium batteries with LiNi_(0.60)Co_(0.20)Mn_(0.20)O_(2), LiNi_(0.80)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2), and Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_(2) cathodes demonstrate excellent cycle performances at 60 ℃. These results indicate that the resilient and high-conductivity ionogel electrolyte is promising to realize high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density and safety.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972132,51772116 and 52002141)Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team(2016QYTD04)
文摘With the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),safety problems are the great obstacles that restrict large-scale applications of LIBs,especially for the high-energy-density electric vehicle industry.Developing component materials(e.g.,cathode,anode,electrolyte,and separator)with high thermal stability and intrinsic safety is the ultimate solution to improve the safety of LIBs.Separators are crucial components that do not directly participate in electrochemical reactions during charging/discharging processes,but play a vital role in determining the electrochemical performance and safety of LIBs.In this review,the recent advances on traditional separators modified with ceramic materials and multifunctional separators ranging from the prevention of the thermal runaway to the flame retardant are summarized.The component–structure–performance relationship of separators and their effect on the comprehensive performance of LIBs are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the research challenges and future directions toward the advancement in separators for high-safety LIBs are also proposed.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972132.51772116 and 52002141)the Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team(2016QYTD04).The authors thank the Analytical and Testing Center of HUST for DMA,TGA measurements,etc.
文摘New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh operating conditions. Here we report on the synthesis of a unique ionogel electrolyte for abuse-tolerant lithium batteries. A hierarchically architected silica/polymer scaffold is designed and fabricated through a facile soft chemistry route, which is competent to confine ionic liquids with superior uptake ability (92.4 wt%). The monolithic ionogel exhibits high conductivity and thermal/mechanical stability, featuring high-temperature elastic modulus and dendrite-free lithium cycling. The Li/LiFePO_(4) pouch cells achieve outstanding cyclability at different temperatures up to 150 ℃, and can sustain cutting, crumpling, and even coupled thermal–mechanical abuses. Moreover, the solid-state lithium batteries with LiNi_(0.60)Co_(0.20)Mn_(0.20)O_(2), LiNi_(0.80)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2), and Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_(2) cathodes demonstrate excellent cycle performances at 60 ℃. These results indicate that the resilient and high-conductivity ionogel electrolyte is promising to realize high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density and safety.
