3D porous V2O5 architectures for high-rate lithium storage

The discovery of novel electrode materials promises to unleash a number of technological advances in lithium-ion batteries.V2O5 is recognized as a high-performance cathode that capitalizes on the rich redox chemistry of vanadium to store lithium.To unlock the full potential of V2O5,nanotechnology solution and rational electrode design are used to imbue V2O5 with high energy and power density by addressing some of their intrinsic disadvantages in macroscopic crystal form.Here,we demonstrate a facile and environmental-friendly method to prepare nanorods-constructed 3D porous V2O5 architectures(3 D-V2O5)in large-scale.The 3D porous architecture is found to be responsible for the enhanced charge transfer kinetics and Li-ion diffusion rate of the 3D-V2O5 electrode.As the result,the 3D-V2O5 surpasses the conventional bulk V2O5 by showing enhanced discharge capacity and rate capability(delivering 154 and 127 m Ah g^-1 at 15 and 20 C,respectively).

Self-Assembled VS4 Hierarchitectures with Enhanced Capacity and Stability for Sodium Storage

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have become an auspicious candidate for largescale energy storage by cause of low cost,natural abundance,and similar working principle with lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).At present,there is an urgent need to explore superior anode materials with rapid and stable sodiation/desodiation.Herein,3D self-assembled VS4 curly nanosheets hierarchitectures(VS4-CN-Hs)are developed for SIB anodes,where VS4 possesses a large theoretical sodium storage capacity,and the building block of nanosheets has large exposed surface area to the electrolyte as well as the constructed hierarchitectures can provide abundant buffer space to alleviate the volume expansion.As a result,VS4-CN-Hs anode possesses excellent electrochemical performance under a wide voltage window of 0.01–3.0 V,such as high reversible capacity of 863 mA h g^(−1) at 0.1 A g^(−1),marvelous rate feature(444 mA h g^(−1) at 10 A g^(−1)),and extralong cycle stability(386 mA h g^(−1) after 1000 times at 5 A g^(−1)).

海藻酸钠/硫酸鱼精蛋白载药微胶囊的制备及缓释性能

直接以疏水性药物吲哚美辛微晶为模板,采用层层自组装技术,通过静电作用将聚阳电解质硫酸鱼精蛋白(PRM)和聚阴电解质海藻酸钠(ALG)交替沉积制备载药微胶囊。利用扫描电镜对其形貌进行表征,并采用紫外分光光度计考察了组装层数、释放介质的温度、离子强度、p H值等因素对其缓释性能的影响。结果表明,采用层层自组装方法可以得到(ALG/PRM)n@IDM载药微胶囊,该微胶囊对药物有显著的缓释作用,并且增加组装层数、提高释放介质的盐浓度、降低释放介质的p H值及温度均可以降低药物的释放速率。

A High-Capacity Ammonium Vanadate Cathode for Zinc-Ion Battery

Given the advantages of being abundant in resources,environmental benign and highly safe,rechargeable zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)enter the global spotlight for their potential utilization in large-scale energy storage.Despite their preliminary success,zinc-ion storage that is able to deliver capacity>400 mAh g^-1 remains a great challenge.Here,we demonstrate the viability of NH4V4O10(NVO)as high-capacity cathode that breaks through the bottleneck of ZIBs in limited capacity.The first-principles calculations reveal that layered NVO is a good host to provide fast Zn^2+ions diffusion channel along its[010]direction in the interlayer space.On the other hand,to further enhance Zn^2+ion intercalation kinetics and long-term cycling stability,a three-dimensional(3D)flower-like architecture that is self-assembled by NVO nanobelts(3D-NVO)is rationally designed and fabricated through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method.As a result,such 3D-NVO cathode possesses high capacity(485 mAh g^-1)and superior long-term cycling performance(3000 times)at 10 A g^-1(~50 s to full discharge/charge).Additionally,based on the excellent 3D-NVO cathode,a quasi-solid-state ZIB with capacity of 378 mAh g^-1is developed.

钠离子电池关键材料与器件

钠离子电池因资源丰富、价格低廉、安全性高等优点,在大规模电化学储能领域展现出极大的发展潜力,是我国实现能源与环境可持续发展的重要途径。相比于其它电化学储能技术,钠离子电池在经济和技术层面都呈现出优异的可行性。基于此,面向储能领域高质量发展的国家重大战略需求,聚焦钠离子电池电极材料、电解液、隔膜等关键部件,以及它们之间的相互联系、相互作用机制,总结归纳出钠离子电池关键科学问题,并提出相应研究方向和解决策略,进而构建具有超长循环寿命、超高能量密度的钠离子电池器件。着眼未来,深耕钠离子电池基础和应用基础研究,保持我国在钠离子电池领域的国际领先地位。

Pre-potassiated hydrated vanadium oxide as cathode for quasi-solid-state zinc-ion battery

Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs),in particular quasi-solid-state ZIBs,occupy a crucial position in the field of energy storage devices owing to the superiorities of abundant zinc reserve,low cost,high safety and high theoretical capacity of zinc anode.However,as divalent Zn^(2+)ions experience strong electrostatic interactions when intercalating into the cathode materials,which poses challenges to the structural stability and higher demand in Zn^(2+)ions diffusion kinetics of the cathode materials.Here,a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method is adopted to prepare pre-potassiated hydrated vanadium pentoxide(K_(0.52)V_(2)O_(5)·0.29H_(2)O,abbreviated as KHVO)cathode material,in which the potassium ions preinserted into the interlayers can act as“pillars”to stabilize the lamellar structure,and crystal water can act as“lubricant”to improve the diffusion efficiency of Zn^(2+)ions.Consequently,the KHVO displays high electrochemical properties with high capacity(∼300 mAh/g),superior rate capability(69 mAh/g at 5 A/g)and ultralong cycling performance(>1500 cycles at 2 A/g)in quasi-solid-state ZIBs.These superior Zn storage properties result from the large diffusion coefficient and highly stable and reversible Zn^(2+)(de)intercalation reaction of KHVO.

Histology and antitumor activity study of PTX-loaded micelle,a fluorescent drug delivery system prepared by PEG-TPP

We synthesized PEG-TPP as carrier to encapsulate paclitaxel (PTX) in the form of micelles to overcome its water-solubility problem. PTX-loaded micelles possess a-week stability and appropriate particle size (152.1 ±1.2 nm) which is beneficial for enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Strong pH dependence of PTX releasing from micelles is verified by in vitro release study. At cellular level, PTX-loaded micelles can target mitochondria effectively which may results a better cytotoxicity of micelles (especially IC50 = 0.123 ± 0.035μmol/L of micelles and 0.298 ± 0.067μmol/L of PTX alone on MCF-7 cells). The fluorescence distributions of both isolated and sliced organs show that the micelles can effectively target tumors. Moreover, we further prove the enhanced therapeutic effects of micelles in tumor-bearing mice comparing with PTX alone. The results show that the biodegradable drug delivery system prepared by PEG-TPP can overcome the poor solubility of paclitaxel and improve its tumor targeting and antitumor activity.

Advances in metal phosphides for sodium-ion batteries

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have been extensively studied as the potential alter-native to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to the abundant natural reserves and low price of sodium resources.Nevertheless,Na+ions possess a larger radius than Li+,resulting in slow diffusion dynamics in electrode materials,and thus seeking appropriate anode materials to meet high performance standards has become a trend in the field of SIBs.In this context,owing to the advantages of high theoretical capacity and proper redox potential,metal phosphides(MPs)are considered to be the promising materials to make up for the gap of SIBs anode materials.In this review,the recent development of MPs anode materials for SIBs is reviewed and analyzed comprehensively and deeply,including the synthesis method,advanced modification strategy,electrochemical performance,and Na storage mechanism.In addition,to promote the wide application of the emerg-ing MPs anodes for SIBs,several research emphases in the future are pointed out to overcome challenges toward the commercial application.