蒙古马长期高负荷运动训练前后肌肉发育关键基因的表达研究

旨在比较研究长期高负荷运动训练前后蒙古马肌肉组织中与肌肉发育相关关键基因的表达量,从而为马匹耐力训练方案的制定提供数据支持。本研究以3匹5岁雌性蒙古马为试验对象,对其进行为期4个月的连续性高负荷耐力运动训练,并在实施运动训练前后采集臀中肌肌肉用于后续研究。采用RT-qPCR和Western blot方法,比较分析长期高负荷运动训练前后蒙古马肌肉组织中MYL-2和TNNC1基因在转录和翻译水平的表达量。结果表明,经长期高负荷运动训练后蒙古马骨骼肌中MYL-2和TNNC1基因在mRNA水平的表达量极显著高于运动训练前(P<0.01)。在蛋白水平,MYL-2的表达量在运动训练后有了极显著的增加(P<0.01),而TNNC1在运动后虽有增加但未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。长期的高负荷运动训练对蒙古马肌肉发育相关基因MYL-2和TNNC1的表达均有促进作用,从而能够促进肌肉的发育,对蒙古马的耐力形成至关重要。

Determination and Analysis on Heat of Trapezoidal Soil Wall in Solar Greenhouse

Solar greenhouse with trapezoidal soil wall is widely used due to its good heat retaining property and cost efficiency.In this study, solar irradiance, heat flux and the temperature 0.05 and 0.3 m from the inner surface of the wall at the upper,middle and lower measured positions were determined to study the thermal condition of the trapezoidal soil wall in solar greenhouse. The results showed: first, both the solar irradiance and the temperature increased from the upper to the lower measured position. Second, the heat absorption also increased from the upper to the lower measured position. In clear day, the heat absorption at the three measured positions accounted for 31.4%, 32.6% and 36.0% of the total amount of heat absorption of the whole wall. In cloudy day, the heat absorption at the three measured positions were 0.249, 0.370 and 0.440 MJ/m^2, which accounted for 23.5%, 35.0% and 41.4% of the total amount of heat absorption of the whole wall. When P<0.05, the heat fluxes were strikingly different between the upper and lower measured positions. But when P<0.01, the heat flux had no big difference among the three measured positions. Third, in clear day, the heat emission was the biggest at the middle measured position and smallest at the upper measured position. The heat emission at the three measured positions accounted for 27.5%, 36.7%and 35.8% of the total amount of heat emission of the whole wall. And the heat emission between the middle and lower measured position was not strikingly different. In cloudy day, the heat emission was the biggest at the lower measured position and smallest at the upper measured position. The average heat emission at the three measured positions accounted for 26.1%,36.4% and 37.4% of the total amount of heat emission of the whole wall. Fourthly, correlativity, the solar irradiance directly influenced the heat absorption and had close relation with heat emission. And heat emission again had close relation with the temperature in the greenhouse. Solar irradiance directly influences the thermal condition of a solar green house. It is hoped that this study can be referred to optimize trapezoidal structure and to improve the thermal conditions of the solar greenhouse.

Umbilical blood flow ultrasound characteristics of perioperative fetal intrauterine hypoxia and their relationship with maternal and fetal oxidative stress injury

Objective:To study the relationship between umbilical blood flow ultrasound characteristics of perioperative fetal intrauterine hypoxia and maternal as well as fetal oxidative stress injury.Methods: 108 puerperae giving birth in our hospital between May 2014 and October 2016 were selected and divided into normal pregnancy group with neonatal Apgar score >7 points and intrauterine hypoxia group with neonatal Apgar score≤7 points, color Doppler diasonograph was used to determine umbilical blood flow ultrasound parameters, umbilical cord blood was collected to determine the levels of oxidative stress products, and the placenta was collected to determine the levels of oxidative stress products and related apoptosis molecules.Results: During 24–30 weeks, 31–36 weeks and 37–41 weeks of pregnancy, umbilical blood flow resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and diastolic velocity/systolic velocity (S/D) of intrauterine hypoxia group were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group (P<0.05);malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), 8-isoprostanes (8-iso), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) levels in umbilical cord blood of intrauterine hypoxia group were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group (P<0.05), MDA, oxLDL, 8-ios, HSP-70, Fas, FasL and Bax levels in placenta tissue were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group (P<0.05), and Bcl-2 and XIAP levels were significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group (P<0.05);RI, PI and S/D were positively correlated with MDA, oxLDL, 8-ios and HSP-70 levels in umbilical cord blood and placenta tissue, positively correlated with Fas, FasL and Bax levels in placenta tissue, and negatively correlated with Bcl-2 and XIAP levels in placental tissue.Conclusions:The increased umbilical blood flow resistance and decreased flow volume of fetal intrauterine hypoxia are closely related to maternal, fetal and placental oxidative stress injury.

Highly Efficient Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diode Based on a Pyrene[4,5-d]Imidazole-Pyrene Molecule

Organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),which have been recently utilized in some flat-panel display screens such as mobile phones and televisions,show many merits,including light weight,high flexibility,energy preservation,and so forth,and are considered the next-generation displays and solid-state lightings.Blue-emitting materials that can be applied in nondoped OLEDs with little efficiency roll-offs at high brightness are of great importance.Here,a highly efficient,blue-emitting material,9-phenyl10-(4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)-9H-pyreno[4,5-d]imidazole(PyPI-Py),is achieved using pyrene[4,5-d]imidazole and pyrene as the weak electron donor and electron acceptor,respectively.The nondoped blue OLED exhibits excellent performance with a maximum brightness of 75,687 cd m^(−2),a maximum current efficiency of 13.38 cd A−1,and a maximum external quantum efficiency(ηext)of 8.52%.Moreover,theηext is maintained at 8.35%and 8.05%at a brightness of 10,000 and 50,000 cd m^(−2),respectively,displaying extremely small efficiency roll-offs of 2.0%and 5.5%.The device characteristics are among the highest values for nondoped blue OLEDs and correspond to the best performance obtained for nondoped pyrene-based blue OLEDs.The superior performance is attributed to the proper donor–acceptor design strategy which results in a quasi-equivalent hybrid local and charge-transfer excited state with the maximum generation of an 82%fraction of singlet excitons.