基于情绪感知的城市旅游资源分布及空间布局优化——以武汉市为例

本文基于多元大数据展开武汉市城市旅游资源多维特征分析和城市旅游满意度研究,再通过“压力-状态-响应”模型分析归纳并提出武汉市四大旅游建设模式,为武汉市城市旅游发展建设提出全新策略。结果表明:(1)不同的城市旅游资源空间分布特征不同,不同区位与建设条件的城市旅游资源亦具有不同的开发建设方式。(2)武汉市未形成旅游建设核心地区,仍处于点状各自发展的状态,不同地区城市旅游建设满意度差异较大。(3)从武汉市不同地区旅游产业开发建设方式分析中,提出4类城市旅游建设模式:垄断资源的特色区域模式、交通优势的沿线联动模式、中心区辐射依托模式、优势资源的虚拟漫游模式。本文将更准确地为武汉市不同地区城市旅游建设确定发展目标,为未来武汉市城市旅游的建设发展打下坚实的基础。

协同培养医学生外科实验创新能力的研究

为培养综合型及创新型临床医学人才,基于协同理论,构建分层次外科实验教学新体系,协同教师与学生、教学与科研、学校与医院三方合力,遴选真正感兴趣的学生,搭配有能力有经验的教师,在外科实验教学中启发学生的创新思维和科研能力,促进医学生创新创业的综合素质,从而推动医学生临床能力的提高和教师自我能力的提升。问卷调查表明,师生均有明显收获,同时获批多项大学生创新训练计划项目,申请多项国家专利发明,发表多篇科研论文。

siRNA沉默肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白2表达对胶质瘤细胞侵袭及增殖的影响

目的探讨沉默肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白2(TNFAIP2)表达对胶质瘤细胞侵袭及增殖的影响。方法使用Lipofectamine 2000介导siRNA转染胶质瘤细胞U87和U251下调TNFAIP2 mRNA的表达;运用细胞划痕及Transwell实验检测沉默TNFAIP2表达对U87及U251细胞迁移、侵袭的影响;通过CCK-8实验检测沉默TNFAIP2表达对胶质瘤细胞U87及U251增殖的影响。结果Lipofectamine 2000介导si-TNFAIP2转染U87及U251细胞可下调TNFAIP2 mRNA的表达;沉默TNFAIP2表达可降低胶质瘤细胞U87和U251迁移侵袭的能力;沉默TNFAIP2表达可抑制U87及U251细胞的增殖。结论siRNA沉默TNFAIP2表达可抑制胶质瘤细胞的侵袭和增殖。

Inhibition of the spread of endophytic Sporisorium reilianum renders maize resistance to head smut

Head smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Sporisorium reilianum, poses a grave threat to maize(Zea mays) production worldwide. Here we report cytological and molecular evidence for maize resistance to head smut. During early stages of root infection, S. reilianum mycelium was capable of penetrating the root epidermis of both resistant(Ji1037) and susceptible(HZ4) inbred lines. S. reilianum hyphae were observed in the root–stem junction at 6 days after inoculation. In an attempt to monitor hyphal spread within the maize plant,a highly specific and sensitive real-time PCR method was established to estimate the hyphal content in infected maize tissues. During the upward growth of endophytic S.reilianum, the extent of hyphal spread was markedly different between Ji1037 and HZ4. Very little or no pathogen was detected in aerial parts of Ji1037, whereas large amounts of pathogen accumulated in aboveground tissues, particularly inflorescences, of HZ4. Thus,maize resistance to S. reilianum was achieved mainly by inhibition of endophytic hyphal growth rather than by prevention of early-root penetration by the pathogen.

Large-scale Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses of Maize Seedling Leaves During De-etiolation

De-etiolation consists of a series of developmental and physiological changes that a plant undergoes in response to light.During this process light,an important environmental signal,triggers the inhibition of mesocotyl elongation and the production of photosynthetically active chloroplasts,and etiolated leaves transition from the"sink"stage to the"source"stage.De-etiolation has been extensively studied in maize(Zea mays L.).However,little is known about how this transition is regulated.In this study,we described a quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic atlas of the de-etiolation process in maize.We identified 16,420 proteins in proteome,among which 14,168 proteins were quantified.In addition,8746 phosphorylation sites within 3110 proteins were identified.From the combined proteomic and phosphoproteomic data,we identified a total of 17,436 proteins.Only 7.0%(998/14,168)of proteins significantly changed in abundance during de-etiolation.In contrast,26.6%of phosphorylated proteins exhibited significant changes in phosphorylation level;these included proteins involved in gene expression and homeostatic pathways and rate-limiting enzymes involved in photosynthetic light and carbon reactions.Based on phosphoproteomic analysis,34.0%(1057/3110)of phosphorylated proteins identified in this study contained more than 2 phosphorylation sites,and 37 proteins contained more than 16 phosphorylation sites,indicating that multi-phosphorylation is ubiquitous during the de-etiolation process.Our results suggest that plants might preferentially regulate the level of posttranslational modifications(PTMs)rather than protein abundance for adapting to changing environments.The study of PTMs could thus better reveal the regulation of de-etiolation.

Large-scale Identification and Time-course Quantification of Ubiquitylation Events During Maize Seedling De-etiolation

The ubiquitin system is crucial for the development and fitness of higher plants.De-etiolation, during which green plants initiate photomorphogenesis and establish autotrophy, is a dramatic and complicated process that is tightly regulated by a massive number of ubiquitylation/de-ubiquitylation events. Here we present site-specific quantitative proteomic data for the ubiquitylomes of de-etiolating seedling leaves of Zea mays L.(exposed to light for 1, 6, or 12 h)achieved through immunoprecipitation-based high-resolution mass spectrometry(MS). Through the integrated analysis of multiple ubiquitylomes, we identified and quantified 1926 unique ubiquitylation sites corresponding to 1053 proteins. We analyzed these sites and found five potential ubiquitylation motifs, KA, AXK, KXG, AK, and TK. Time-course studies revealed that the ubiquitylation levels of 214 sites corresponding to 173 proteins were highly correlated across two replicate MS experiments, and significant alterations in the ubiquitylation levels of 78 sites(fold change >1.5) were detected after de-etiolation for 12 h. The majority of the ubiquitylated sites we identified corresponded to substrates involved in protein and DNA metabolism, such as ribosomes and histones.Meanwhile, multiple ubiquitylation sites were detected in proteins whose functions reflect the major physiological changes that occur during plant de-etiolation, such as hormone synthesis/signaling proteins, key C4 photosynthetic enzymes, and light signaling proteins. This study on the ubiquitylome of the maize seedling leaf is the first attempt ever to study the ubiquitylome of a C4 plant and provides the proteomic basis for elucidating the role of ubiquitylation during plant de-etiolation.

Two sequence alterations,a 136 bp InDel and an A/C polymorphic site,in the S5 locus are associated with spikelet fertility of indica-japonica hybrid in rice

The rice indica/japonica hybrid shows strong heterosis.However,such inter-subspecific hybrid can＇t be directly used in rice production due to its low spikelet fertility.The S5 locus was proved to be associated with fertility of indica/japonica hybrid and its S5n allele from wide-compatibility variety （WCV） is capable to overcome fertility barrier.In the present study,we reported the causal sites in the S5 locus responsible for compatibility of indica/japonica hybrid.Fine-mapping of the S5 locus using the 11 test-cross families pinpoints a candidate S5 locus encoding aspartic protease （Asp）.Intragenic recombination within the Asp gene happened in a number of recombinants,resulting in chimeric S5j-S5n alleles.Just like S5n,the chimeric S5j-S5n allele displayed higher spikelet fertility when combined with the S5i allele.In the complementary test,however,the S5n allele from WCVs failed to enhance fertilities of the indica/japonica hybrids.Compared to both indica and japonica varieties,all nine WCVs from different resources are characterized with a 136 bp deletion in the Asp N-terminus,which probably renders the S5n allele non-functional.Furthermore,an A/C polymorphic site is detected 1,233 bp downstream of the Asp start codon.The heterozygous A/C site of the Asp gene in indica/japonica hybrid is believed to be the casual factor to cause partial sterility.The functional makers based on the two polymorphic sites will be broadly used in developing wide-compatibility rice varieties.