HHO optimized support vector machine classifier for traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation.

A network pharmacology-based investigation of the mechanism of action of chrysanthemum in treating dry eye

Background:Dry eye is a chronic inflammatory disease of the ocular surface that is caused by multiple factors,characterized by pain,visual disturbance,and ocular damage.It is a common ophthalmic disease worldwide and a hot research field for scholars both domestically and internationally.This article employs network pharmacology methods to analyze the mechanism of Chrysanthemum in treating dry eye,which is a promising approach.Methods:The TCMSP(http://tcmspw.com/tcmsp.php)was used to screen for candidate active ingredient molecules of chrysanthemum with oral bioavailability≥30%and drug similarity to chrysanthemum≥0.18 as parameters.The active ingredients of chrysanthemum were searched using the“Related Targets”column in the TCMSP,followed by target prediction.Subsequently,Cytoscape 3.6.0 was employed to construct a compound-target network for chrysanthemum.The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and DisGeNET databases were used to identify pathogenic genes associated with dry eye.Furthermore,the STRING database was used to construct an interaction network and bar graph of intersecting target proteins in chrysanthemum to analyze protein interactions and core targets.To obtain key targets of active ingredients of chrysanthemum for treating dry eye,active ingredients targets of chrysanthemum and dry eye targets were intersected using Venny.Finally,a drug-active ingredient-key target-disease network was constructed.Gene Ontology functional annotation of key targets was performed using the WEBGESTALT database,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment was performed using the REACTOM database.Results:Eighty active ingredients of chrysanthemum corresponding to targets were obtained.Among active ingredients,508 predicted targets were identified,along with 4180 genes associated with dry eye and 45 key targets of chrysanthemum for treating dry eye.The functions of key targets primarily include regulation of gene expression,oxidative stress,immune response,apoptosis,proliferation,regulation of cellular inflammation-related factors,and angiogenesis.The primary pathways associated with key targets include interleukin signaling,metabolism,cytokine signaling in the immune system,immune system,and signal transduction.Conclusion:Chrysanthemum facilitates regulation through multiple molecules,targets,and pathways for treating dry eye,primarily inhibiting inflammation-related factors and pathways,thereby reducing inflammation of lacrimal gland tissue and improving dry eye.

中医药治疗干眼疗效的Meta分析

目的:运用Meta分析方法系统评价近5a来中医药治疗干眼的疗效。方法:按Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索Medline(2013-01/2017-10)、EMbase(2013/2017年)、Cochrane图书馆(2017年)、万方数据库(2013/2017年)、维普数据库(2013/2017年)、中国知网数据库(2013/2017年),纳入近5a中医药治疗干眼的随机对照研究,使用RevMan5.0统计软件进行资料提取与Meta分析。结果:共纳入10个随机对照研究,其中1篇为英文文献,9篇为中文文献,共包括1 229眼。其中9个研究在疗程结束后进行了BUT的测定,结果显示差异有统计学意义(P<0.00001);9个研究在疗程结束后进行了泪液流量的测定,结果显示差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);2个研究在疗程结束后进行了FL的测定,结果显示差异无统计学意义(P=0.25);3个研究在疗程结束后进行了干眼症状的测定,结果显示差异有统计学意义(P=0.0003);总体疗效比较,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.00001)。结论:中医药治疗能显著延长患者泪膜破裂时间(breakup time,BUT)和增加泪液流量,在治疗干眼总体疗效上更有优势。

普拉洛芬联合玻璃酸钠治疗干眼疗效评价的Meta分析

目的:运用Meta分析方法系统评价近年来普拉洛芬联合玻璃酸钠治疗干眼的疗效。。方法:按Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索Medline、EMbase、Cochrane图书馆、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国知网数据库,纳入2014-01-01/2018-06-01普拉洛芬联合玻璃酸钠治疗干眼的随机对照研究,使用RevMan5. 3统计软件进行资料提取与Meta分析。结果:共纳入8个随机对照研究,全部为中文文献,合计1008例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与单纯使用玻璃酸钠对比,普拉洛分联合玻璃酸钠对患者BUT、SⅠt、FL、干眼症状及总体疗效有明显改善作用,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:普拉洛芬联合玻璃酸钠治疗干眼的疗效优于单纯使用玻璃酸钠。

眼底血管病理学改变特征研究

眼底血管是活体能唯一观察到的人体终末血管,许多疾病在眼底血管有病理改变,通过这些病理改变的研究,可以实现利用眼底血管改变诊断疾病,本文总结了眼底血管的部分常见病理学改变,以及引起这些改变的常见疾病,希望可以将部分疾病与眼底血管改变对应起来,以利于临床疾病的诊断。

密蒙花滴眼液对去势雄兔干眼结膜炎性因子IL-1β和黏蛋白5AC及P38MAPK表达的影响

目的:观察不同浓度的密蒙花滴眼液对去势雄兔干眼结膜炎性因子IL-1β、黏蛋白5AC(MUC5AC)及P38MAPK表达的影响,从而探讨密蒙花滴眼液对干眼的疗效。方法:将36只雄兔随机分为:空白组、模型组、密蒙花滴眼液低浓度组(1mg/mL)、中浓度组(1.5mg/mL)、高浓度组(3mg/mL)、睾酮组。除空白组外各组均行睾丸及附睾切除建立干眼动物模型,造模成功后,空白组和模型组不予以处理,密蒙花滴眼液低浓度组(1mg/mL)、中浓度组(1.5mg/mL)、高浓度组(3mg/mL)给予密蒙花不同浓度滴眼液,3次/d,睾酮组按0.5mL/kg剂量在大腿肌肉处注射丙酸睾酮,每3d 1次,各组分别于造模前和用药4wk后在全身麻醉下检测荧光素染色、SchirmerⅠ试验(SⅠt)和泪膜破裂时间(BUT)。用药4wk后处死兔子,取其双眼球结膜组织,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测结膜中IL-1β、MUC5AC、P38MAPK的表达。结果:密蒙花滴眼液低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组用药4wk后,SⅠt值明显高于模型组,BUT值明显长于模型组,角膜荧光素染色阳性较模型组有明显改善(均P<0.01)。密蒙花滴眼液低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组结膜IL-1β、P38MAPK的阳性表达低于模型组,MUC5AC的表达高于模型组(P<0.01),密蒙花滴眼液高浓度组优于低浓度、中浓度组。结论:密蒙花滴眼液具有类雄激素效果,对于去势雄兔干眼可以下调干眼结膜组织中IL-1β、P38MAPK的表达,增加MUC5AC的表达,从而减少干眼结膜组织的炎症浸润,维持泪膜稳定性,但其作用弱于雄激素。密蒙花滴眼液中、高浓度组对于干眼治疗作用强于低浓度组,高浓度组优于中浓度组。

青光眼术后应用神经生长因子的疗效分析

目的:运用Meta分析方法对青光眼术后采用神经生长因子(NGF)治疗的疗效进行系统性评价。方法:按Cochrane系统评价方法,全面检索数据库,纳入2015-01/2019-02关于青光眼术后采用NGF治疗的随机对照研究,使用Revman 5.3统计软件进行资料提取与Meta分析。结果:共纳入6项随机对照研究,均为中文文献,共计患者513例。疗程结束后,其中5项研究进行了视力检测,6项研究进行了眼压检测,差异均无统计学意义[MD=0.10,95%CI(-0.05,0.25),P=0.19;MD=-0.90,95%CI(-1.92,0.11),P=0.08];5项研究进行了视野检测,3项研究进行了图像视觉诱发电位(VEP)检测(P100波潜伏期、P100波振幅),差异均有统计学意义[MD=-2.49,95%CI(-4.02,-0.96),P=0.001;MD=-12.13,95%CI(-17.30,-6.97),P<0.001;MD=1.34,95%CI(0.93,1.74),P<0.001]。结论:NGF对青光眼患者术后视力改善,眼压降低的效果不明显,但对改善视野、VEP P100波潜伏期、P100波振幅的作用明显,具有一定的治疗优势。

Effect of Qingguangan on the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in filtering bleb after trabeculectomy in rabbits

AIM: To explore the effect of Qingguangan on the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in filtering bleb scarring area after trabeculectomy in rabbit model. METHODS: Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomized into four groups: control group, experimental group, MMC group (ocular trabeculectomy in combination with MMC), and Qingguangan group. Trabeculectomy was performed on both eyes in each group except control group. Qingguangan group was mouth-fed with Qingguangan (solution). On postoperative day 14, the appearances of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on filtrating blebs were observed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Statistical differences of the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were noted among groups on day 14 following surgery. Histology immunohistochemistry showed significant differences on the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 between each groups( P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Qingguangan can promote the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Research progress of stem cells on glaucomatous optic nerve injury

Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness, is an irreversible optic neuropathy. The mechanism of optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma is undefined at present. There is no effective treatment method for the injury. Stem cells have the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation. These two features have made them become the research focus on improving the injury at present. This paper reviews the application progress on different types of stem cells therapy for optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma.

Ophthalmic Syndrome Differentiation System and Digital Chinese Medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ophthalmic syndrome differentiation is an ophthalmology-specific method for identifying syndromes based on the“Five Orbiculi”theory.It was devised by Professor Qing-Hua PENG through an unprecedented combination of syndrome element differentiation and ophthalmic clinical practices,based on the Clinical Terminology of Chinese Medical Diagnosis and Treatment-Syndromes of the National Standards of the People's Republic of China.This approach integrates an ophthalmic syndrome differentiation system with digital Chinese medicine(DCM),and proposes the extraction of syndrome elements of ophthalmic diseases from research on DCM.These elements are then quantified and organized to form a model of digital diagnosis and treatment specific to ophthalmology,which should help to achieve synergistic development of the ophthalmic syndrome differentiation system and DCM.

Visualizing the intellectual structure and recent research trends of diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To analyze the intellectual structure and recent research trends in diabetic retinopathy(DR)and unearth potential knowledge.METHODS:English DR publication included in this study was exported from the Web of Science Core Collection,and Chinese DR publication was exported from China National Knowledge Infrastructure from the establishment time of the database to 2019.CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel were used to visually analyze DR research,including analysis of the number of publications,highly cited publication analysis,spatial distribution analysis,and keyword co-occurrence analysis.RESULTS:A total of 23795 English studies and 11577 Chinese studies,including 2089 studies related to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),were obtained.The data suggested the following:1)The number of English and Chinese DR publications increased over time,and the growth rate of English publications was relatively fast.2)The distribution of international scholars and institutions was close,while the distribution was scattered in China.Shanghai Jiao Tong University has the largest number of publications.Tien-Yin Wong was the core author with the largest number of publications.England and the United States are the core of international DR research cooperation.3)Optical coherence tomography and risk factors are recent international research hot spots and trends.The difference is that TCM is a recent research trend under DR in China.CONCLUSION:DR has drawn an increasing amount of attention worldwide.The focus of research in this field has shifted from tertiary type DR treatment to secondary prevention strategies which focus on the screening and monitoring of disease progression.The advantages of TCM in the prevention of DR have attracted attention,and it is worth incorporating this with Western medicine to address this challenge.

Combinative Approaches of Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology for the Optimal Pharmaceutical Preparation of an Anti-arthritic Chinese Medicine Formulation QFJBT

Objective Qing Fu Juan Bi Tang(QFJBT)is an anti-arthritic Chinese medicine formula consisting of five herbs:Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fu Zi,附子),Sinomenii Caulis(Qing Feng Teng,青风藤),Astragali Radix(Huang Qi,黄芪),Paeoniae Radix Alba(Bai Shao,白芍)and Moutan Cortex(Mu Dan Pi,牡丹皮),which have well-established histories of use for treatment of rheumatic and arthritic diseases.We intended to establish the optimized and standardized pharmaceutical procedures and manufacturing processes for the pilot production of QFJBT to develop it as a novel botanical drug product for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods The combinative approaches of chemical assessment,toxicological and pharmacological evaluation were explored to define the pharmaceutical preparation of QFJBT.Results The optimized and standardized pharmaceutical procedures and manufacturing processes for the pilot production of QFJBT were established in terms of greatest chemical contents of bioactive constituents,potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities,and favorable safety profile.Quality analysis of the pilot product of QFJBT by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)demonstrated that the chromatographic fingerprint profiles of three batches of QFJBT were basically identical and the contents of four characteristic and bioactive markers were relatively consistent.General toxicological studies showed a favorable safety profile of QFJBT.The maximum tolerated single dose of QFJBT was determined in both sexes of rats to be 33.63 g/kg body weight which is equivalent to 346 times of clinical dose.In the chronic oral toxicity study,the results of laboratory investigation showed that QFJBT at doses of 3.89,6.80 and 9.72 g/kg body weight(equivalent to 40,70 and 100-fold clinical doses,respectively)caused no changes in all hematological parameters and blood biochemical parameters of rats.No mortality or specific toxic responses were observed in animals after three months of repeated dosing with QFJBT.Conclusion The optimized and standardized pharmaceutical and manufacturing processes for the production of QFJBT have been successfully screened and identified through established rigorous in-process controls.

Correlation Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Tongue Manifestations:A Meta-analysis

Objective To analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and the manifestations of the tongue.Methods Without language restrictions,we searched databases including CAJD,CBMdisc,CDFD,CMFD,PubMed,Cochrane,and EMBASE and made meta-analysis for all literature we have collected.Results Six studies with 975 patients and 50 healthy people in total were included in the analytic pool.There were significant differences in the numbers of H.pylori infections between patients with thin and thick tongue coatings(OR=2.02,95%CI 1.32–3.07,P=0.001).In yellow tongue subgroup,there was a significant difference between patients with thick and thin coatings(OR=2.09,95%CI 1.16–3.77,P=0.01).There was a significant difference in the prevalence of H.pylori infection between patients with yellow and white coatings(OR=2.86,95%CI 2.10–3.90,P<0.001).The frequency of H.pylori infection was significantly increased in patients with red and purple tongues compared with those with pale red tongues(OR=3.42,95%CI 2.40–4.88,P<0.001;OR=7.51,95%CI 3.57–15.79,P<0.001).Conclusion Red or purple tongues and yellow tongues with thick coatings are indicators of a risk of H.pylori infection in patients with GI symptoms.Our study shows that tongue manifestations could serve as a feasible predictor of H.pylori infection in patients with GI symptoms,and determination of the exact association between tongue manifestations and H.pylori infection could enable an understanding of the objectivity of TCM.Long-term and rigorous controlled trials are needed in the future to evaluate the correlating factors.

Effects of Shuang Dan Ming Mu Capsule on Expression of VEGF-a, VEGF-b, VEGF-c and the VEGF receptor, Flk-1, in Diabetic Retinopathy Rats

Objective The effects of Shuang Dan Ming Mu capsule on expression of VEGF-a,VEGF-b,VEGF-c and the VEGF receptor,Flk-1,were examined in a diabetic retinopathy rats model.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomized into Groups A(blank),B(model),C(Shuang Dan Ming Mu)and D(positive control)group,with each group containing10rats and20eyes.Rats from groups B,C and D were administered one dose of50mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ)by tail vein injection to establish a diabetic rat model.One week after model preparation,medication was continuously administered by gavage.After gavage for8weeks,the animals were sacrificed and retinal expression of VEGF-a,VEGF-b,VEGF-c and Flk-1was quantified by immunohistochemical analysis.Results At week8of drug administration after model preparation,the average protein expression grayscale values for VEGF-a,VEGF-b,VEGF-c and Flk-1in the rats model,Shuang Dan Ming Mu and positive control groups were all lower than those in the normal group,while the mean optical density values were higher than those in the normal group.When the model group was compared to the normal group,the difference was extremely significant(P<0.01).The mean grayscale values of VEGF-a,VEGF-b,VEGF-c and Flk-1in the Shuang Dan Ming Mu and positive control groups were all higher than those in the model group,while the mean optical density values were lower than those in the model group(P<0.05or0.01).Conclusion Shuang Dan Ming Mu capsule can significantly decrease the expression of VEGF-a,VEGF-b,VEGF-c and Flk-1in the retinas of diabetic model rats and exhibit some protective effects in their retinas.

Effect of Flos Buddlejae Granules on Apoptosis Factors Bax,Bcl-2,Fas and FasL in Lacrimal Gland Cells of Castrated Male Rabbits

Objective To observe the effect of different concentration Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules on apoptosis factors of lacrimal gland cells of castrated male rabbits,and study the treatment effects of Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules in the dry eye model of castrated male rabbits.Methods Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)raw material was made into granules.Thirty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,six rabbits in each group.Group A:blank group,Group B:model group,Group C:Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granule group,Group D:placebo group,Group E:testosterone group.Except for group A,all rabbits underwent removal of bilateral testis and epididymis.Rabbits in group C were administered Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules(100 mg/kg),three times per day;rabbits in group D were administered normal saline,three times per day.Rabbits in group E were injected with testosterone propionate(0.5 mL/kg)in the thigh muscle,every 3 days.All rabbits were tested by Schirmer I test(SIT)and tear film break-up time(BUT)before operation and 4 weeks after operation.After 4 weeks,all rabbits were sacrificed by air embolism and clipping of the lacrimal gland.Apoptosis factors,including Bax,Bcl-2,Fas and FasL of lacrimal gland cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry,and resulting data were statistically analyzed.Results(1)Comparison of SIT and BUT before and after operation:There were statistically significant differences between groups B and D(P<0.01),but not among other groups(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of apoptosis factors Bax,Bcl-2 Fas and FasL:In a comparison of groups B and D,there was no statistically significant difference after operation(P>0.05).In a comparison of the other groups,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.01).In comparisons among A,C and E groups,there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with androgen,Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules caused similar but slightly weaker depression of Bax,Fas and FasL,and increased expression of Bcl-2.

Effect of QingguanganⅡon Rho/ROCK associated factors in the retina of DBA/2J mice

Objective:The effect of QingguanganⅡon the transcription of RhoA mRNA,ROCK mRNA,Caspase-3 mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA in the retina of DBA/2J mice was observed.Methods:Forty-eight DBA/2J mice were randomly divided into six groups:model groups,Qingguangan II decoction group,low concentration,medium concentration and high concentration group of Qingguangan II effective ingredient and positive control group(Yimaikang tablet group),and eight C57BL/6 mice were used as blank group,DBA/2J mice were fed until 38 weeks before forming a glaucoma model,The transcription of RhoA mRNA,ROCK mRNA,Caspase-3 mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA in the retinal of DBA/2J mice was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(Quantitative Real-time PCR)after 4 weeks of intervention.Results:Four weeks after the intervention,In the transcription of the RhoA mRNA,ROCK mRNA and the Caspase-3 mRNA,Compared to the blank groups,Relative expression was increased in the other 6 groups,There are statistical differences in the model group,Yimaikang tablet group and low concentration group(P<0.05);In comparison to the model groups,The other 6 groups were lower than the model group,Among them,there are statistical differences between the effective groups of Qingguangan II decoction and high concentration group of Qingguangan II effective ingredient in RhoA mRNA transcription(P<0.05);In the transcription of the ROCK mRNA and the Caspase-3 mRNA,Statistics have differences between the model group and the effective component of the medium and high concentration group(P<0.05);In the Bcl-2 mRNA transcription,Compare them to blank groups,Relexpression expression decreased in the other 6 groups,Statistics have differences between model group,Qingguangan II decoction group and low concentration groups(P<0.05);The relative expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in high concentration group of effective component is higher than that of the model group,There are differences in statistics(P<0.05).Conclusion:The high concentration of QingguanganⅡprescription probably attenuated Caspase-3 transcription in retinal ganglion cells by inhibiting the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway and activated Bcl-2 expression by inhibiting ROCK signaling,which attenuated apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells.

Hub Genes of Astrocyte Involved in Glaucoma with Ocular Hypertension by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

This study was conducted to elucidate the potential key candidate genes and pathways in role of astrocyte involved in glaucoma with ocular hypertension.Methods Expression profiles GSE2378 and GSE758 including 27 reactive optic nerve head astrocytes(ONHAs)by hypertensions and 26 normal controls,were integrated and deeply analyzed.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were sorted and candidate genes and pathways enrichment were analyzed.DEGs-associated protein-protein interaction network(PPI)was performed.Results A total of 119 consistently expressed genes were identified from 281 commonly changed DEGs,including 68 up-regulated genes and 51 down-regulated genes.PPI network complex filtered 75 DEGs(43 up-regulated and 32 down-regulated genes)of the 119 consistently altered DEGs and developed 117 edges,and 10 hub genes were identified.The most significant 3 modules were filtered from PPI,pathway enrichment analysis showed that module 1 was associated with extracellular exosome.Module 2 was mainly associated with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity(ADCC)and module 3 was mainly associated with Hippo signaling pathway.Conclusion Taken above,using integrated bioinformatical analysis,we have identified DEGs candidate genes and pathways in role of astrocyte involved in glaucoma with ocular hypertension,which could improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular events,and these candidate genes and pathways could be therapeutic targets for glaucoma.

Molecular mechanism of Mimenghua Granules in treating dry eye

Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Mimenghua Granules in treating dry eye based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics methods.Methods:Screening and prediction of possible blood-inducing active ingredients and action target of Mimenghua Granules through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and analysis platform;mining dry eye-related diseases through disease gene database,gene target;use the functional protein combined network database STRING to draw the component-target and disease-target PPI networks,and extract the intersection of these two networks;use DAVID database analysis to screen key targets and analyze the mechanism of action.Results:A total of 593 active ingredients related to Mimenghua Granules were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database,and 59 blood active ingredients were obtained by screening based on pharmacokinetic parameters,and 680 targets related to these ingredients were retrieved;from disease genes,the database searches for 47 genes directly related to dry eye;3 key genes(ICAM1,IFNG,and IL-6)were obtained after the intersection of the component target and disease target PPI network;these genes are mainly involved in natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity,Jak-STAT signaling pathway,and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.Conclusion:The mechanism of Mimenghua Granules in treating dry eye is related to the interaction of cytotoxic pathway,Jak-STAT signal pathway,and cytokines.The key gene targets are ICAM1,IFNG,and IL-6.

International Clinical Practice Guideline of Chinese Medicine Dry Eye

Foreword Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents.The issuing agency of this document is not responsible for identifying patents.Main Drafting Committee:Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine.