Research of {0001} crystal orientation for magnesium alloys solidified in a fashion of cellular crystals

The magnesium alloy grew in a fashion of cellular crystals during the process of unidirectional solidification, and the {0001} crystal face orientation in the cast ingot of the magnesium alloy was studied. The theoretical model and methodology were set up, and a cor-responding experiment was carried out to verify the theoretical analysis results. The experimental results indicate that the {0001} crystal face of magnesium crystals parallels to the width direction for the thin-plate cast ingot when the magnesium grows in a manner of cellular crystals. The separation angle between the {0001} crystal face of magnesium crystals and the vertical axis line of the cast ingot is about 62° for the circular column cast ingot, which distributes in cone-type. The theoretical analysis results are basically in agreement with the experimental ones of previous literatures and this paper.

Effects of ausforming strain on bainite transformation in nanostructured bainite steel

The effects of ausforming strain on bainite transformation in high-carbon low-alloy nanobainite steel were investigated using a Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator machine.The bainite transformation speed at 300°C was found to be accelerated by ausforming at 300,600,and 700°C under applied strains ranging from 10% to 50% followed by isothermal transformation at 300°C.The ausformed bainite volume fraction varied with the ausforming strain because of the mechanical stabilization of the deformed austenite.Ausforming at low temperatures not only enhanced the bainite ferrite volume fraction but also refined the microstructure substantially.Although the amount of bainite ferrite might have been reduced with increasing strain,the microstructures were refined by ausforming.

Finite Time Convergent Wavelet Neural Network Sliding Mode Control Guidance Law with Impact Angle Constraint

This paper presents a novel guidance law to intercept non-maneuvering targets with impact angle and lateral acceleration command constraints. Firstly, we formulate the impact angle control to track the desired line-of-sight(LOS) angle, which is achieved by selecting the missile s lateral acceleration to enforce the sliding mode on a sliding surface at impact time. Secondly, we use the Lyapunov stability theory to prove the stability and finite time convergence of the proposed nonlinear sliding surface. Thirdly, we introduce the wavelet neural network(WNN) to adaptively update the additional control command and reduce the high-frequency chattering of sliding mode control(SMC). The proposed guidance law, denoted WNNSMC guidance law with impact angle constraint,combines the SMC methodology with WNN to improve the robustness and reduce the chattering of the system. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the WNNSMC guidance law.

Effects of Pulsed Current and Pulsed Magnetic Field Complex Pretreatment on Martensite Transformation of Cr5Steel during Continuous Cooling

Carbide precipitation and martensite transformation in Cr5 steel have been observed in situ by high-temper- ature confocal laser-scanning microscopy. In this way, the influences of pulsed current and pulsed magnetic field complex pretreatment on carbide precipitation and martensite transformation during continuous cooling have been studied. The results show that the electropulsing complex pretreatment promotes the precipitation of M7 C3-type car- bides at high temperature, increases the start and finish temperatures of martensite transformation, and extends the phase transformation time. Martensite prefers to nucleate in the austenite with less precipitation of carbides due to the chemically homogeneous distribution of solute atoms.

Migration of δ/γ Interface in Low Carbon Steels during Continuous Cooling

The δ-ferrite to γ-austenite phase transformation process of low carbon steel was observed in-situ under a confocal scanning laser microscope and the influence of manganese and chromium on the migration of δ/γ interphase boundary during theδ to γphase transformation was studied. It was found that the δ/γ interphase boundary becomes unstable with the decrease of temperature, from planar to curved morphology during theδ to γ phase transformation of Fe-0.08C steel and Fe-0.08C-0.8Mn steel. But in Fe-0.08C-0.8Cr steel, the δ/γ interphase boundaries are stable with planar morphology during the whole δ-ferrite to γ-austenite transformation. The destabilization of δ/γ inter- phase boundary in Fe-0.08C and Fe-0.08C-0.8Mn steels results from high degree of supercooling and sub-boundaries in 7, respectively. The stabilization of δ/γ interphase boundary in Fe-0.08C-0.8Cr steel results from the slow diffu- sion rate of carbon atom induced by the addition of chromium.