Microstructure and ablation behavior of Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites

To obtain high-performance Zr-based ultra-high-temperature composites,Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites were prepared by changing the laying method of the infiltrant via reactive melt infiltration.The effects of different infiltrant laying methods on the microstructure and ablative properties of Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites were investigated.The results showed that the gradient structure of the Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites differed when the composition ratio of the infiltrant was changed.When the thicknesses of the Zr/Mo/Si layers were 6/4/12 mm and 8/2/12 mm,the SiMoZrC solid solution content in the samples increased and decreased along the infiltration direction,respectively.The gradient samples were ablated in an oxyacetylene flame at 3000°C for 40 s.The ablation resistance of the sample was the highest when the infiltrant was a powder and the thickness of the Zr/Mo/Si layer was 6/4/12 mm.

Agreement of intraocular pressure measurement with Corvis ST,non-contact tonometer,and Goldmann applanation tonometer in children with ocular hypertension and related factors

AIM:To access the agreement of intraocular pressure(IOP)values obtained from biomechanically corrected tonometer[Corvis ST(CST)],non-contact tonometer(NCT),and Goldmann applanation tonometer(GAT)in children with NCT measured-IOP(NCT-IOP)values of 22 mm Hg or more,and related factors.METHODS:A total of 51 eyes with NCT-IOP≥22 mm Hg in children aged 7 to 14y were examined and IOP was measured by CST,NCT,and GAT.Based on GAT measured IOP(GAT-IOP),ocular hypertension(OHT)group(≥22 mm Hg,24 eyes)and the non-OHT group(<22 mm Hg,27 eyes)were defined.We compared the agreement of the three measurements,i.e.,CST measured IOP(CST-IOP),GAT-IOP,and NCT-IOP,and further analyzed the correlation between the differences in tonometry readings,central corneal thickness(CCT),axial length(AL),optic disc rim volume,and age.RESULTS:Compared with the OHT group,thicker CCT,larger rim volume,and higher differences between NCTIOP and GAT-IOP,were found in the non-OHT group.The differences between CST-IOP and GAT-IOP were lower than the differences between NCT-IOP and GAT-IOP in both groups.The mean differences in CST-IOP and GAT-IOP were 1.26 mm Hg(95%limit of agreement ranged from 0.1 to 2.41 mm Hg,OHT group)and 1.20 mm Hg(95%limit of agreement ranged from-0.5 to 3.00 mm Hg,non-OHT group),and the mean differences in NCT and GAT were 3.90 mm Hg(95%limit of agreement ranged from-0.19 to 9.70 mm Hg,OHT group)and 6.00 mm Hg(95%limit of agreement ranged from 1.50 to 10.50 mm Hg,non-OHT group).The differences between CST-IOP and GAT-IOP were not related to CCT,age,and AL in both groups;while the differences between NCT-IOP and GAT-IOP were related to CCT in the OHT group(r=0.93,P<0.001)and to CCT and AL in the non-OHT group(r=0.66,P<0.001,r=-0.81,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The accuracy of NCT in the diagnosis of pediatric OHT is low.The agreement of CST-IOP and GATIOP was significantly higher in children with and without OHT than in those with NCT-IOP and GAT-IOP.Therefore,CST can be used as a good alternative for IOP measurement in children.The impacts of CCT and AL on NCT measurement need to be fully considered when managing childhood IOP.

不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者黄斑区结构和微血管改变定量分析

目的:通过光相干断层扫描(OCT)和光相干断层扫描血管造影(OCTA)检查,观察不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者黄斑区神经节细胞-内丛状层(GCIPL)厚度及各象限视网膜浅层毛细血管密度特征并作定量分析。方法:回顾性病例对照研究。选取2019-12/2020-05我院确诊DR患者33例54眼,并根据眼底情况分为无糖尿病视网膜病变(NDR)组6例8眼、非增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)组18例28眼和增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)组9例18眼。选取同期与患者年龄相匹配的健康志愿者18例26眼作为对照组。观察并定量分析不同分期DR患者黄斑区GCIPL厚度及各象限视网膜浅层毛细血管线性密度(VD)和血管灌注密度(PD)。结果:DR组患者黄斑区各象限视网膜浅层毛细血管VD、PD及GCIPL厚度最小值均小于对照组(P<0.05)。不同分期DR患者黄斑区GCIPL厚度最小值及各象限视网膜浅层毛细血管VD组间比较均有差异(P<0.05),下方视网膜浅层毛细血管VD对DR的诊断价值最高(AUC=0.807、最佳诊断界限值为18.60mm^(-1)、灵敏度为0.923、特异度为0.648)。DR患者黄斑区GCIPL厚度最小值与各象限视网膜浅层毛细血管VD均呈正相关(r=0.342、0.480、0.384、0.342,均P<0.05)。结论:OCT结合OCTA检查为早期评估及定期随访DR的进展提供了可重复、可定量的检测方法和监测指标。

微波消融联合肝动脉栓塞术治疗结直肠癌术后肝转移的疗效及对肝功能变化的影响

目的对比分析单独肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)治疗与TACE联合微波消融术(microwave ablation,MWA)治疗结直肠癌肝转移患者的疗效及预后影响.方法收集2013-01/2015-01在我院治疗的84例原发性结直肠癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,患者依据不同治疗方案分为TACE联合MWA组(n=40)、单独TACE组(n=44).比较两组患者的治疗效果及不良反应发生情况,比较两组患者的肝功能变化、生活质量及生存情况.结果治疗后1 mo,TACE联合MWA组和单独TACE组的治疗有效率、疾病控制率分别为77.5%、85.0%和38.6%、56.8%;TACE联合MWA组的治疗有效率、疾病控制率均显著高于单独TACE组(χ~2=5.441,P<0.05).治疗1周后,两组患者的血清总胆红素、A LT及白蛋白水平比较均无显著差异(t=3.662,2.816,2.578,P>0.05).治疗期间,两组患者恶心、呕吐、血小板减少、白细胞减少、血红蛋白减少、黏膜炎、胆碱能综合征及迟发性腹泻等不良反应发生情况比较均无显著差异(χ~2=1.056,0.784,1.022,2.103,0.668,P>0.05).治疗6 mo后,TACE联合MWA组患者的生理状况、情感状况、功能状况、家庭及社会状况、生活质量总评分均显著高于单独TACE组患者(t=5.139,6.052,4.331,4.508,4.417,P<0.05).TA C E联合M WA组患者治疗后半年、1年的生存率与单独TACE组患者比较无显著差异(χ~2=0.216,1.492,P>0.05),但治疗后2年、3年的生存率均显著高于单独TACE组患者(χ~2=3.894,4.017,P<0.05).结论微波消融联合肝动脉栓塞术治疗结直肠癌肝转移患者疗效显著,且相比于单独的肝动脉化疗栓塞术能够进一步提高患者的生活质量、延长生存时间,同时不会增加不良反应发生情况.

两种方法治疗不同直径直肠癌肝转移的效果和影响生存率的因素分析

目的探讨超声引导下射频消融术和腹腔镜治疗不同直径直肠癌肝转移的效果和影响生存率的相关因素。方法回顾性分析2017年1月-2019年12月该院收治的87例行原发癌切除的发生直肠癌肝转移的患者的临床资料,按照不同治疗方法分为两组,观察组(n=45)采用超声引导下射频消融术治疗,对照组(n=42)采用腹腔镜手术切除治疗。比较两组患者疗效、肝功能指标变化情况和患者死亡情况,并对死亡与存活患者进行单因素和多因素分析,研究影响其生存的相关因素。结果观察组病灶灭活率为81.82%,明显高于对照组的52.38%(P<0.05),观察组大、中、小病灶灭活程度均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术后血清白蛋白(ALB)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)等肝功能指标水平均高于术前,术后观察组ALB、GPT和GOT水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率为86.67%,高于对照组的69.05%(P<0.05);观察组术后2年内死亡率为15.56%,低于对照组的26.19%(P<0.05),两组患者不同直径病灶死亡率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单因素分析发现,直肠癌肝转移患者死亡与病灶大小、术前癌胚抗原(CEA)、肝外转移、TNM分期、组织分型、转移灶数目和转移灶发现时间等因素相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析发现,术前CEA(OR=2.117,P=0.021)、肝外转移(OR=1.897,P=0.015)和大病灶(OR=8.787,P=0.007)是直肠癌肝转移患者死亡的独立危险因素。结论超声引导下射频消融术治疗不同直径直肠癌肝转移较腹腔镜治疗效果好,术前CEA、肝外转移和大病灶是影响直肠癌肝转移患者生存的独立危险因素。

局麻下支气管镜钬激光治疗大气道狭窄的临床评价

目的观察局麻支气管镜下钬激光治疗大气道狭窄的近期疗效及安全性。方法收集山东大学附属省立医院2014年1月-2016年5月46例钬激光治疗的大气道狭窄患者共85例次,均经CT或气管镜检查证实,后予以钬激光治疗或联合冷冻或球囊扩张等处理,术中予以低流量吸氧并严密监测生命体征,术后定期复查并随访。结果完全缓解5例次(5.9%),显著缓解69例次(81.2%),部分缓解11例次(12.9%),治疗失败0例次(0.0%),总体有效率100.0%;无死亡、大出血、气道内着火等严重并发症。结论钬激光联合冷冻、球囊扩张治疗大气道狭窄安全性高,并发症少,近期疗效可靠。

Expression of fibroblast activation protein in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance

AIM: To examine fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to analyze its relationship with the clinicopathology of PDAC. METHODS: FAP expression was examined in 134 PDAC specimens by immunohistochemistry, and in four pancreatic cancer cell lines (SW1990, Miapaca-2, AsPC-1 and BxPC-3) by Western blotting assay. We also analyzed the association between FAP expression in PDAC cells and the clinicopathology of PDAC patients. RESULTS: The results showed that the FAP was expressed in both stromal fibroblast cells (98/134, 73.1%) and carcinoma cells (102/134, 76.1%). All 4 pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed FAP protein at different levels. Protein bands corresponding to the proteolytically active 170-kDa seprase dimer and its88-kDa seprase subunit were identif ied. Higher FAP expression in carcinoma cells was associated with tumor size (P < 0.001), fi brotic focus (P = 0.003), perineural invasion (P = 0.009) and worse clinical outcome (P = 0.0085). CONCLUSION: FAP is highly expressed in carcinoma cells and f ibroblasts in PDAC tissues, and its expression is associated with desmoplasia and worse prognosis.

DEC1 nuclear expression:A marker of differentiation grade in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression patterns of human differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and corresponding adjacent non-tumor and the normal liver tissues, the association between DEC1 expression and histopathological variables and the role of DEC1 in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: The expression of DEC1 was detected immunohistochemically in 176 paraffin-embedded sections from 63 patients with HCC and 50 subjects with normal liver tissues. RESULTS: DEC1 protein was persistently expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in normal liver and HCC tissues. Compared with adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, HCC tissues showed high nuclear expression of DEC1 protein. However, high DEC1 nuclear expression was more frequently detected in well-differentiated (83.3%) than in moderately (27.3%) and poorly differentiated HCC (16.7%). Low DEC1 expression was associated with poor histological differentiation and malignancy progression. A correlation was found between the nuclear expression of DEC1 protein and histological differentiation (r = 0.376, P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: DEC1 is expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and because nuclear DEC1 expression is decreased with decreasing differentiation status of HCC, nuclear DEC1 might be a marker of HCC differentiation.

Clinical implications of interleukins-31, 32, and 33 in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most common malignancies in China with a high morbidity and mortality.AIM To determine whether interleukin(IL)-31, IL-32, and IL-33 can be used as biomarkers for the detection of GC, via evaluating the correlations between their expression and clinicopathological parameters of GC patients.METHODS Tissue array(n = 180) gastric specimens were utilised. IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 expression in GC and non-GC tissues was detected immunohistochemically. The correlations between IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 expression in GC and severity of clinicopathological parameters were evaluated. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method/Cox regression. Circulating IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 were detected by ELISA.RESULTS We found that the expression levels of IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 were all lower in GC than in adjacent non-GC gastric tissues(P < 0.05). IL-33 in peripheral blood of GC patients was significantly lower than that of healthy individuals(1.50 ± 1.11 vs 9.61 ± 8.00 ng/m L, P <0.05). Decreased IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 in GC were observed in younger patients(< 60 years), and IL-32 and IL-33 were lower in female patients(P < 0.05). Higher IL-32 correlated with a longer survival in two GC subgroups: T4 invasion depth and TNM I-II stage. Univariate/multivariate analysis revealed that IL-32 was an independent prognostic factor for GC in the T4 stage subgroup. Circulating IL-33 was significantly lower in GC patients at TNM stage IV than in healthy people(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings may provide new insights into the roles of IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 in the carcinogenesis of GC and demonstrate their relative usefulness as prognostic markers for GC. The underlying mechanism of IL-31, IL-32, and IL-33 actions in GC should be further explored.

Dual Manipulation of Ferromagnetism in Co-Doped ZnO Thin Films by Surfactant and n-Type Carriers

We present a conceptually-new approach “dual manipulation effect” using the surfactant passivation and the electron carrier doping for mediating intrinsic ferromagnetism in Codoped ZnO dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) thin films. The first-principles calculations show that the surface passivation by hydrogen serves as a magnetism switch for the Co-O-Co magnetic coupling at the surface of the thin film, and thus can control the spin polarization of the doped Co atoms. Meanwhile, the electron carrier doping can further function as an effective layerlike ferromagnetism mediator for the underneath layer. The dual manipulation effect sheds light on the essential magnetism origin of n-type Co:ZnO DMS thin films, and may be used as an alternative strategy for enhancing the ferromagnetism in other n-type DMS oxides thin films.

Coupling Among CH Stretching, Bending and Rocking Vibrational Modes in CH2Cl2

Infrared absorption spectra of gaseous CH2Cl2 in the regions of 1200-12000 cm^-1 were measured using a Bruker IFS 120HR Fourier transform spectrometer in conjunction with a nmltipass cell. 47 vibrational levels of overtone and combinational spectral lines of the CH stretching （v1, v6）, bending （v2）, and rocking （v8） modes were analyzed and assigned. Utilizing the normal mode model and considering the coupling among CH stretching, bending and rocking vibrations, values of the harmonic frequency wi, the anharmonic constant xij, and the coefficients of Fermi and the Darling-Dennison resonances of v1, v6, v2 and v8 modes were also determined from experimental spectral data with nonlinear least-square fitting. These spectral constants reproduced the experimental levels very well. These results showed that Fermi resonance between CH stretching and rocking vibrations （kiss=-254.63 cm^-1） is stronger than that between CH stretching and bending vibrations （k122 = 54.87 cm^-1 ）; and that Darling-Dennison resonances between CH stretching and bending vibrations （k166=-215.28 cm^-1） is also much stronger than that between CH bending and rocking vibrations （k2288=5.72 cm^-1）.

Expression and clinical significance of IL-38 protein in gastric carcinoma using tissue microarray

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of IL-38 protein in gastric carcinoma and normal tissues adjacent to carcinoma and to evaluate the relationship between the expressions and the clinical pathologic factors.Methods:High throughput technology of tissue microarray and immunohistochemical SP method were applied to detect the expressions of IL-38 protein in 78 gastric carcinoma specimens that did not have a history of chemo-radiotherapy and 72 non-tumor gastric tissues.The followed-up cases were used for prognosis analysis.Results:The positive expression rate of IL-38 in gastric cancer tissues was 84.6%,and the expression rate in adjacent tissues was 45.8%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.IL-38 protein showed relationship with tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the high expression of IL-38 was associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer.Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that IL-38,tumor TNM clinical stage and lymph node metastasis were associated with prognosis,and IL-38 and lymph node metastasis could be used as independent prognostic factors.Conclusion:IL-38 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues,and the positive expression of IL-38 is associated with tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.High expression of IL-38 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer,and IL-38 and lymph node metastasis can be used as independent prognostic factors.This experiment clarifies the relationship between IL-38 and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of gastric cancer,and provides a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Chemical Constituents of the Roots of Vernonia cumingiana Benth.

To search for new and bioactive constituents from traditional Chinese medicines, a new steroidal saponin, named vernonioside G （1）, was isolated from the roots of Vernonia cumingiana Benth. （Compositae）. The structure of vernonioside G was elucidated using spectral methods, particularly two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Together with the new compound, eight known compounds were also isolated and identified from the roots of V. cumingiana, among which, VE-1 （2） and 24-methylenelanost-9（11）- en-3β-ol acetate （3） were assigned NMR data for the first time and compound 3 was obtained as a natural product from a plant for the first time.

2D NMR-based MatchNat Dereplication Strategy Enables Explosive Discovery of Novel Diterpenoid Alkaloids

The tribe Delphineae,comprising two genera,Aconitum L.and Delphinium L.,is the richest source of bioactive diterpenoid alkaloids(DAs),while their highly similar chemical structures create a major challenge for dereplication from complex mixture.To solve the inefficient discovery process of natural DAs,a novel dereplication strategy based on pattern recognition of specific heteronuclear multiple bond correlation(HMBC)signals has been established in this study.This strategy utilized the diagnostic signals in the HMBC spectra of C_(19)-DAs,which could indicate the structural categories.The newly designed software MatchNat allowed in silico recognition of C_(19)-DA types.The developed dereplication system was demonstrated to be a practical strategy to dereplicate a variety of natural products from two Delphineae plants,including Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom.and Delphinium pachycentrum Hemsl.Known compounds could be rapidly recognized from the mixture,and novel DAs were found with the aid of MatchNat.Consequently,targeted isolation led to the explosive discovery of a series of novel DAs.This dereplication system has the potential to be adopted for dereplication of any other class of natural products and has shown promising application as a complementary tool in the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of traditional Chinese medicines.