基于RNA-based NGS检测非小细胞肺癌融合基因临床实践中国专家共识

基于RNA水平的二代测序(RNA-based next-generation sequencing, RNA-based NGS)技术已被非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)临床实践指南和专家共识推荐为融合基因的检测方法之一。NSCLC可用药靶点主要包括基因突变和融合,用于评估靶向治疗可行性的基因突变和融合基因检测均不可或缺。目前,基于DNA水平的NGS(DNA-based NGS)结合RNA-based NGS一次性同步检测基因突变和融合的技术已部分应用于临床实践。然而,RNA-based NGS检测融合基因的应用时机、应用场景和质控方面在我国仍缺乏规范和标准。本共识将进一步明确RNA-based NGS在融合基因检测中的应用时机、应用场景和质控,并给予指导性建议,推动RNA-based NGS在NSCLC临床诊疗中的应用,使患者能够最大程度地从融合基因检测中获益。

中国肺癌低剂量CT筛查指南(2023年版)

肺癌是导致中国癌症死亡的首要原因。近年来低剂量计算机断层扫描(low-dose computed tomography,LDCT)筛查的效果进一步被证实,并且在高危人群选择、筛查间隔及结节管理的研究方面取得了显著进展。本研究的目的是对2018年中国肺癌LDCT筛查指南进行修订。由国家卫健委任命的中国肺癌早诊早治专家组专家及中国西部肺癌研究协作中心部分专家,共同参与了2023版中国肺癌筛查指南的修订工作。专家们根据近年来国内外LDCT肺癌筛查进展,结合我国肺癌流行病学特征,共同修订了本次肺癌筛查指南。本指南对以下方面进行了修订:(1)高危人群定义中考虑了除吸烟外其他肺癌危险因素;(2)对LDCT扫描参数进行了修改和补充;(3)扩大了部分筛查阴性个体的筛查间隔;(4)将部分阳性结节的随访时间由3个月调整为6个月;(5)强调了多学科诊疗(multi-disciplinary treatment,MDT)在阳性结节管理、肺癌诊断和治疗中的作用。本次修订将使得LDCT筛查指南更适应我国国情,并使筛查、干预与治疗路径更为明确。未来应进一步基于新兴技术,包括生物标志物及人工智能研究,优化肺癌LDCT筛查方法及技术。

Research on Welding Quality Traceability Model of Offshore Platform Block Construction Process

Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.

Optimization of Multi-Execution Modes and Multi-Resource-Constrained Offshore Equipment Project Scheduling Based on a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

Offshore engineering construction projects are large and complex,having the characteristics of multiple execution modes andmultiple resource constraints.Their complex internal scheduling processes can be regarded as resourceconstrained project scheduling problems(RCPSPs).To solve RCPSP problems in offshore engineering construction more rapidly,a hybrid genetic algorithmwas established.To solve the defects of genetic algorithms,which easily fall into the local optimal solution,a local search operation was added to a genetic algorithm to defend the offspring after crossover/mutation.Then,an elitist strategy and adaptive operators were adopted to protect the generated optimal solutions,reduce the computation time and avoid premature convergence.A calibrated function method was used to cater to the roulette rules,and appropriate rules for encoding,decoding and crossover/mutation were designed.Finally,a simple network was designed and validated using the case study of a real offshore project.The performance of the genetic algorithmand a simulated annealing algorithmwas compared to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach.

Direct evidence for efficient scattering of suprathermal electrons by whistler mode waves in the Martian magnetosphere

Whistler mode waves are critical emissions in magnetized plasmas that usually influence the electron dynamics in a planetary magnetosphere.In this paper,we present a unique event in the Martian magnetosphere in which enhanced whistler mode waves(~10^(−11) V^(2)/m^(2)/Hz)with frequency of 0.1 f_(ce)-0.5 f_(ce) occurred,based on MAVEN data,exactly corresponding to a significant decrease of suprathermal electron fluxes.The diffusion coefficients are calculated by using the observed electric field wave spectra.The pitch angle diffusion coefficient can approach 10^(−2) s^(−1),which is much larger,by~100 times,than the momentum diffusion coefficient,indicating that pitch angle scattering dominates the whistler-electron resonance process.The current results can successfully explain the dropout of the suprathermal electrons in this event.This study provides direct evidence for whistler-driven electron losses in the Martian magnetosphere.

肺结节/肺癌患者全程管理模式的设计与应用

背景与目的早期筛查是有效降低肺癌死亡率的重要方式,然而我国尚缺乏统一、有效的肺癌早期筛查标准与手段。本研究基于四川大学华西医院构建的肺结节/肺癌患者全程管理平台,将肺结节早期筛查纳入肺癌规范诊疗体系,以期实现提升肺癌患者生存率。方法建立三大研究队列:健康人群筛查队列、肺结节患者队列、肺癌患者队列,系统、持续收集、分析各队列人群临床诊疗相关大数据。初步计划对肺结节早期筛查效果进行验证。结果该平台初步以2015年1月1日-2019年12月31日华西医院40岁以上职工2,836人作为实施对象,共诊断66例肺癌,均经外科手术切除确诊为早期肺癌65例,1例肺癌伴脑转移。结论肺结节/肺癌患者全程管理项目可实现肺结节高效筛查、随访与诊疗,未来全程管理模式将全面覆盖华西医疗系统,发挥区域带动作用。

带蒂心包脂肪垫包裹支气管吻合口预防支气管吻合口瘘的临床效果观察

背景与目的支气管袖式肺叶切除是中心型肺癌重要的手术方式,它是最能体现"最大程度切除肿瘤,同时最大程度保留肺功能"的肺癌手术原则。支气管胸膜瘘是支气管袖式肺叶切除最严重的手术并发症,严重威胁患者的生命安全。本文将总结带蒂心包脂肪垫包裹支气管吻合口在预防支气管袖式肺叶切除术后支气管吻合口瘘的临床效果。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院肺癌中心2016年1月-2019年5月期间行支气管袖式肺叶切除术,并用带蒂心包脂肪垫包裹支气管吻合口的39例中心型肺癌患者临床资料,观察该组患者术后并发症,尤其是支气管吻合口相关并发症发生情况。结果该组患者手术后恢复良好,均于术后6 d-14 d内出院;30 d内无支气管胸膜瘘发生,无因胸腔内出血再次行手术病例,无严重心律失常,无严重肺部感染及呼吸衰竭发生;术后继续随访期间,术后6个月发生重度吻合口狭窄导致术侧残余肺不张1例。结论支气管袖式肺叶切除的肺癌患者,术中用带蒂心包脂肪垫包裹支气管吻合口,可有效预防术后吻合口瘘相关并发症的发生,从而提高手术安全性。

The Regulating Effect of the nm23-H1 Gene for PKA Signal Pathway of Lung Cancer Cell and Its Molecular Mechanism

Backgroud and Objective Lung cancer has become the most frenquent malignant tumor in the world which its mortality and morbidity is increasing fastest among all the cancers。

Combined Double Sleeve Lobectomy and Superior Vena Cava Resection for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava

A 65-year-old man with right central type of lung squamous carcinoma was admitted to our department.Bronchoscopy displayed complete obstruction of right upper lobe bronchus and infiltration of the bronchus intermedius with tumor.Chest contrast computed tomography revealed the tumor invaded right pulmonary artery,superior vena cava,and the persistant left superior vena cava flowed into the coronary sinus.The tumor was successfully removed by means of bronchial and pulmonary artery sleeve resection of the right upper and middle lobes combined with resection and reconstruction of superior vena cava(SVC)utilizing ringed polytetrafluoroethylene graft.To the best of our knowledge,this was the first report of complete resection of locally advanced lung cancer involving superior vena cava,right pulmonary artery trunk and main bronchus with persistant left superior vena cava.

Alterations and Its Mechanisms of Wnt Signal Pathway in Human High-matastatatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981 by Transfecting with Nm23-H1 Gene

Backgroud and Objective Tumor metastasis is not only the malignant marker and characteristics of lung cancer, but also the main cause of failure to cure and lose their life of the

An Efficient Pattern Search Method

Pattern search algorithms is one of most frequently used methods which were designed to solve the derivative-free optimization problems. Such methods get growing need with the development of science, engineering, economy and so on. Inspired by the idea of Hooke and Jeeves, we introduced an integer m in the algorithm which controls the number of steps of iteration update. We mean along the descent direction to allow the algorithm to?go ahead m steps at most to explore whether we can get better solution further. The experiment proved the strategy’s efficiency.

An Improved Line Search and Trust Region Algorithm

In this paper, we present a new line search and trust region algorithm for unconstrained optimization problems. The trust region center locates at somewhere in the negative gradient direction with the current best iterative point being on the boundary. By doing these, the trust region subproblems are constructed at a new way different with the traditional ones. Then, we test the efficiency of the new line search and trust region algorithm on some standard benchmarking. The computational results reveal that, for most test problems, the number of function and gradient calculations are reduced significantly.

A New Nonmonotone Adaptive Trust Region Method

The trust region method plays an important role in solving optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a new nonmonotone adaptive trust region method for solving unconstrained optimization problems. Actually, we combine a popular nonmonotone technique with an adaptive trust region algorithm. The new ratio to adjusting the next trust region radius is different from the ratio in the traditional trust region methods. Under some appropriate conditions, we show that the new algorithm has good global convergence and superlinear convergence.

Targeting CC Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) for Cancer Skeletal Metastasis

Prostate, breast, and lung cancer preferentially metastasize to bone resulting in bone lesions and thus high mortality. However, the

The N-Terminal Kinase Suppressor of Ras (KSR1) Complex Exhibits Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase (NDPK) Activity

Background and objective Lung cancer has not only become the most frequent malignant cancer which is increasing fastest among all the tumors, but also become the rst killer

The Predictive Values of Expression Level of WIF-1,Gsk-3Β and Nm23-H1 in the Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background and Objective Lung cancer is one of the most malignant cancers threatening people's health and life and being the most rapid increasing both in morbidity and mortality.

The Molecular Mechanisms of Nm23-H1 Gene Transfection on Reversing Invasion and Metastasis Phenotype in Human High-metastataic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981

Background: Our previous studies have proved that nm23-H1 gene was a tumor metastatic suppressive gene, tumor metastasis phenotype of human lung cancer could be reversed by transfection of nm23-H1 cDNA, but

Transfection of Nm23-H1 Gene Inhibited the Metastatic Potential of Human High-metastatic Large Cell Lung Cancer L9981

Background and objective Invasion and metastasis is not only the malignant phenotypes of lung cancer but also the main cause of death. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of

The Inhibiting Effects and It's Molecular Mecanisms of the Fungi of Huai Er's on Human Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981

Background and Objective Lung cancer, which threatens human’s health and life, is the malignant tumor with the most rapid increase of morbidity. Although recent years the basic

Down-regulation and It's Molecular Biology of Nm-23H1 Gene Transfection on PKC Signal Path-way in Human High-metastatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981

Backgroud and Objective At present, lung cancer has become the most frenquent malignant tumor in China and in the world which its mortality and morbidity is increasing fastest.